Croton caudatus Geiseler

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Euphorbiaceae > Croton

Characteristics

Scandent shrubs 2-3 m tall; indumentum densely stellate-hirsute; branches subglabrous. Petiole 0.5-1.5 cm, apex with 2 discoid glands; leaf blade ovate, 4-6 × 3.5-4.5 cm, papery, abaxially densely stellate hairy, adaxially sparsely ruggedly stellate hairy, base broadly cuneate to rounded, often with pair of stalked glands, margins obscurely serrulate, sometimes with glands, apex acute, sometimes caudate-acuminate; basal veins 3(-5), lateral veins 3(or 4) pairs. Inflorescence terminal, 8-16 cm; bracts linear, ca. 2 mm, densely stellate-hairy. Male flowers: sepals ovate, ca. 2.5 mm, densely stellate-hairy; petals oblong, as long as sepals, margins white woolly; stamens ca. 20; filament bases densely white woolly. Female flowers: sepals ovate, ca. 3 mm, densely stellate-hairy outside; petals oblong, smaller than sepals; ovary densely hispid; styles bifid, linear. Fruits globose, ca. 1 cm in diam., densely yellow-brown stellate-hispid. Fl. May-Aug, fr. Jul-Oct.
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Woody scrambler or liane. Indumentum uncoloured. Branchlets with dense stellate trichomes, glabrescent. Stipules linear-subulate, 2.6–8 mm long, entire. Leaf lamina elliptic to ovate, 12–140 mm long, 5–100 mm wide; base cuneate, cordate or lobate; margin crenate with 25–30 short teeth; tip acute, acuminate; venation palminerved with 5 veins at base and 3–6 lateral veins per side of midrib further up the lamina, tertiary reticulate veins obscure; lower surface pale silver-green, venation weakly visible, with dense stellate trichomes, glabrescent; extrafloral nectaries 2 at lamina base, circular, sessile or stipitate, visible above and below. Male flowers: pedicels 3–9 mm long; sepals lanceolate-ovate, 2–3 mm long; petals obovate, 2.5–3.5 mm long; stamens 23–36. Styles 3, bifid once. Fruit ± rounded, globose, 14–22 mm long, 14–24 mm diam., with dense sessile and stalked stellate trichomes. See also Du Puy & Telford (1993: 267).
A small shrub. It grows 2-3 m tall. It can be creeping. The leaves are 4-6 cm long by 4-5 cm wide. They are hairy underneath. The base is wedge shaped and there are some teeth or divisions along the edge.
Life form
Growth form shrub
Growth support climber
Foliage retention
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 2.0 - 3.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Grows in semi-deciduous notophyll vineforest. On Christmas Island, common on all terraces, preferring exposed positions in open forest, especially on limestone cliffs and associated scree slopes (Du Puy & Telford 1993: 267).
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Montane sparse forests at elevations of 500-600 metres in southern China. Primary and secondary forest and brushwood, at elevations up to 1,000 metres in southeast Asia.
It is a subtropical plant. In southern China it grows between 500-600 m above sea level. In XTBG Yunnan. It occurs in the Western Ghats in India.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

A decoction of the root causes purging and can be used to treat constipation. The twigs may be used in basket work, but the wood itself splits on drying.
Uses material medicinal wood
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use Central nervous system depressants (aerial part), Diuretics (aerial part), Hypotension (aerial part), Malaria (aerial part), Cardiovascular system (fruit), Central nervous system diseases (fruit), Hypotension (fruit), Insecticides (fruit), Common cold (leaf), Cough (leaf), Fever (leaf), Liver diseases (leaf), Night blindness (leaf), Pain (leaf), General tonic for rejuvenation (leaf), Sprains and strains (leaf), Trauma (leaf), Wounds and injuries (leaf), Malaria (root), Night blindness (shoot), General tonic for rejuvenation (shoot), Common cold (stem), Cough (stem), Wounds and injuries (stem), Constipation (unspecified), Sprain (unspecified), Liver (unspecified), Stomach diseases (unspecified), Diuretics (whole plant excluding root), Insecticides (whole plant excluding root)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Croton caudatus unspecified picture

Distribution

Croton caudatus world distribution map, present in Australia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, Indonesia, India, Kenya, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Malaysia, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Thailand, and Viet Nam

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:342252-1
WFO ID wfo-0000927601
COL ID ZPRV
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Oxydectes denticulata Croton caudatus Croton racemosus Oxydectes caudata Croton malvifolius Croton aromaticus Croton denticulatus Croton drupaceus Croton caudatus var. denticulatus Croton caudatus var. harmandii Croton caudatus var. malaccanus Croton caudatus var. oblongifolius Croton caudatus var. obovoideus Croton caudatus var. hispidus Croton caudatus var. ruminatus Croton caudatus var. globosus Croton caudatus var. tomentosus