Croton longipedicellatus J.Léonard

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Euphorbiaceae > Croton

Characteristics

A monoecious shrub or small tree up to 4.5 m. in height.. Young twigs slender, sparingly silvery laciniate-lepidote.. Older twigs dark purplish grey.. Leaves aromatic.. Petiole 1.5–4 cm. long, sparingly laciniate-lepidote to subglabrous; blade elliptic-ovate, 3–9(–12) cm. long, (1–)2–4.5(–6.5) cm. wide, obtusely caudate-acuminate, rounded or cuneate, with 2 usually long-stipitate cup-shaped basal glands clearly visible from above, shallowly serrulate to subentire, thinly chartaceous, 5-nerved from the base, the innermost pair often ascending half the length of the blade, remaining lateral nerves 4–5 pairs, not prominent above, slightly prominent beneath, evenly to densely laciniate-lepidote above and beneath at first, later becoming very sparingly so or subglabrous above, and sparingly to evenly so beneath.. Stipules filiform, 2–7(–13) mm. long, ± glabrous, deciduous.. Racemes terminal or subterminal, 7–10 cm. long, all ♂, all ♀, or mostly ♂ with 1–2 ♀ flowers at the base to mostly ♀ with a few ♂ flowers at the top; axis sparingly laciniate-lepidote; bracts linear or linear-oblanceolate, 1–3 mm. long, ± glabrous.. Male flowers: pedicels 5–8 mm. long, sparingly laciniate-lepidote; sepals 5, elliptic-ovate, 2 mm. long, 1.3 mm. wide, subacute or obtuse, glabrous without and within, ciliate, densely so toward the apex, yellowish; petals 5, elliptic-oblong, 2.3 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, obtuse, glabrous without and within, long-ciliate at the base, shortly and more densely so at the apex, yellow; disc-glands free, rounded; stamens 14–17, filaments 1.7–2 mm. long, glabrous, anthers 1 mm. long; receptacle villous.. Female flowers: pedicels (0.2–)0.5–1.5 cm. long, slightly thicker than the ♂ pedicels, extending to (0.4–)1–2(–3) cm. in fruit, sparingly laciniate-lepidote; sepals 5, oblanceolate-oblong, 3–3.5 mm. long, 1 mm. wide, accrescent to 5–6 mm. long and 1.5 mm. wide in fruit, obtuse, with a midrib but without lateral nerves, sparingly laciniate-lepidote without, subglabrous or glabrous within, yellow-green; petals 0; disc shallowly 5-lobed, the lobes rounded, ± glabrous; ovary subglobose, 1.5–2 mm. diameter, densely laciniate-lepidote; styles 3, ascending-erect, lacin-iate-lepidote at the base, otherwise glabrous, deeply bipartite, the lobes filiform, ± 2 mm. long.. Fruit subglobose, 4.5–5 mm. long, 4.5–6 mm. diameter, septicidal, evenly to sparingly laciniate-lepidote, greenish at first, becoming blackish.. Seeds ellipsoid, 4–4.5 mm. long, 3 mm. wide, greyish brown, shiny, with a pale yellow caruncle 1.2 mm. wide.
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Female flowers: pedicels 2–10 mm long, extending to up to 2.5 cm in fruit or not extending; sepals 5, 2.5–3 × 1 mm, accrescent to 7 × 2 mm in fruit, oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, becoming oblong-subspathulate and somewhat foliaceous, sparingly appressed stellate-pubescent without, glabrous within, pale green; petals absent; disk shallowly 5-lobed, the lobes opposite the sepals, rounded, glabrous; ovary 1–1.5 × 1–1.5 mm, subglobose, densely silvery fimbriate-lepidote; styles 3, 2 mm long, connate at the base, divaricate-ascending, deeply 2-partite, the segments filiform, sparingly appressed-stellate-pubescent basally, otherwise glabrous.
Leaf blades 2–12.5 × 1–7 cm, ovate to elliptic-ovate, acuminate at the apex, shallowly serrulate to subentire on the margin, usually rounded or cuneate, rarely truncate or shallowly cordate at the base, with a pair of usually long-stipitate discoid glands at or near the base on lower surface, thinly chartaceous, sparingly appressed scurfily stellate-pubescent, or hairs with a patent central ray, to fimbriate-lepidote or subglabrous on upper surface, and sparingly to evenly so beneath; 3–5-nerved from the base, lateral nerves in 3–5 pairs, scarcely to slightly prominent beneath.
Male flowers: pedicels 5–8 mm long; sepals 5, 2 × 1.25 mm, elliptic-ovate, sparingly appressed stellate-pubescent without, glabrous within, ciliate, yellowish-or greenish-cream; petals 5, 2 × 1 mm, oblanceolate-oblong, ciliate but otherwise glabrous, yellow; disk glands 5, rounded-subemarginate, fleshy, glabrous; stamens 14–17, filaments 2 mm long, glabrous, anthers c. 1 mm long, yellow; receptacle densely pubescent.
Racemes 3–17 cm long, terminal or subterminal, androgynous, or male or female on the same or different branches or plants; bracts 1–2 mm long, linear-spathulate to filiform.
Fruits 5–7 × 4–7 mm, ovoid-subglobose to trilobate-subglobose, septicidal, evenly to sparingly fimbriate-lepidote, greenish becoming blackish.
Seeds 4–4.5 × 2.5–3 × 2 mm, ellipsoid, verruculose, shiny, light greyish-brown with darker warts; caruncle 2 mm wide, 2-partite, yellowish.
Young growth sparingly to evenly stellate-pubescent, scurfily so or not, patent or appressed, or fimbriate-lepidote.
A weak, lax, spreading or scrambling shrub or small tree up to 4.5 m tall, monoecious or sometimes dioecious.
Stipules 0.3–1.3 cm long, filiform, soon falling.
Petioles 1.5–5.5 cm long, basally geniculate.
Bark light grey-brown.
Twigs dark grey.
Life form
Growth form
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 4.5
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Environment

Light -
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

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Distribution

Croton longipedicellatus world distribution map, present in Angola, Cabo Verde, Mozambique, Tanzania, United Republic of, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Croton longipedicellatus threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:342880-1
WFO ID wfo-0000931530
COL ID ZQG8
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Croton longipedicellatus

Lower taxons

Croton longipedicellatus subsp. longipedicellatus Croton longipedicellatus subsp. austrotanzanicus Croton longipedicellatus var. brevipedicellatus Croton longipedicellatus var. glabrescens