Cucumis dipsaceus Ehrenb. ex Spach

Wild horned melon (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Cucurbitales > Cucurbitaceae > Cucumis

Characteristics

Fibrous-rooted annual climbing or trailing herb; stems angular, rather grey-green, hispid with stiff bristly spreading hairs mainly on the ridges.. Leaf-blade ovate-or reniform-cordate in outline, rounded, regularly sinuate-toothed, scabrid hairy above and especially on the nerves beneath, 18–95 mm. long, 27–102 mm. broad, unlobed or shallowly and broadly 3-lobed, with the lobes rounded; petiole roughly spreading-hairy with broad-based pointed hairs, 17–115 mm. long.. Male flowers 1–4, on 7–13 mm. long pedicels; receptacle-tube pale green, 3.5–5 mm. long; lobes subulate-filiform, 1.5–4 mm. long; petals yellow with pellucid green veins, 5–10 mm. long, 2.5–5 mm. broad, united below.. Female flowers on 5–10 mm. long stalks; ovary ellipsoid, bristly, 9–17 mm. long, 4–8 mm. broad; receptacle-tube green, 3–4 mm. long; lobes subulate, spreading, 2.5–5 mm. long; petals 6–15 mm. long, 3–8.5 mm. broad, rounded and apiculate.. Fruit on a stout 8–11 mm. long stalk, ellipsoid, 43–66 mm. long, 28–40 mm. across, densely and softly spiny, with each spine ending in a hyaline bristle, pale green, yellow when ripe.. Seed elliptic, rather pointed at each end, 4.5 × 2 × 1 mm.
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Vines; stems hispid. Leaves suborbicular to reniform, 5-10 cm long, as broad or broader than long, slightly 3-to 5-angulate, the base cordate, the apex of the lobes rounded, the margin dentate, membranaceous or chartaceous, both surfaces hispid or scabrous; petiole 5-12 cm long, hispid. Staminate flowers axillary, soli-tary or fasciculate; peduncle 0.5-2.0 cm long; calyx subcylindrical, the lobes ca. 2 mm long, subulate, hirsute, green; corolla campanulate, the lobes 6-8 mm long, yellow, oblong, the apex acute, spreading; stamens ca. 3-4 mm long, the anthers 2-3 mm long, the appendix of connective dilated, bilobate, ca. 1 mm long, the apex ciliate; pistillodium glandlike. Pistillate flowers solitary in the same axils as staminate flowers; peduncles 1-2 cm long; calyx and corolla as in the staminate flowers; ovary oblong, densely hispid; style 1-2 mm long; stigma forming a spherical head. Fruit pale yellow, ovoid cylindrical 3-8 cm long, 2-5 cm in diameter, densely spiny; seeds pale brown, oblong, compressed, 4.0-5.0 mm long, 2 mm wide.
A pumpkin family herb. It is an annual plant growing each year from seed. It grows 50 cm high and spreads 2 m wide. The stems are slender and trailing. They have prickles. It has tendrils. The leaves are oval to kidney shaped. They can be 10 cm long. The flowers are funnel shaped and yellow. The fruit are hairy oval berries. They are yellow and 3-7 cm long by 3-4 cm wide.
A slender annual climber with pale green stem.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 2.0
Mature height (meter) 1.25
Root system fibrous-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It is best in light, well-drained soil. It needs a protected, sunny position. It is damaged by frost or drought. It grows between 425-1,800 m above sea level. It can grow in arid places.
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Deciduous Acacia woodland, wooded grassland and Acacia-Commiphora bushland, also in cultivated places; at elevations from 20-2,000 metres.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-11

Usage

The seeds are cooked and eaten. The leaves and fruit are also eaten. The young leaves are eaten as a vegetable and are also mashed in food. The leaves are also dried in the sun and then pounded into powder. It is then soaked in hot water, boiled and stirred. It is then eaten.
Uses animal food environmental use food gene source material medicinal poison vertebrate poison
Edible fruits leaves seeds shoots
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are grown from seeds.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 10 - 20
Germination temperacture (C°) 22
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Cucumis dipsaceus leaf picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)
Cucumis dipsaceus leaf picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)
Cucumis dipsaceus leaf picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Cucumis dipsaceus flower picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)
Cucumis dipsaceus flower picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)
Cucumis dipsaceus flower picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Cucumis dipsaceus fruit picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)
Cucumis dipsaceus fruit picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)
Cucumis dipsaceus fruit picture by susan brown (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Cucumis dipsaceus world distribution map, present in Australia, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Central African Republic, Colombia, Cuba, Djibouti, Ecuador, Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Mexico, Panama, Peru, Puerto Rico, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Somalia, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, United States of America, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), and Yemen

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:292180-1
WFO ID wfo-0000628851
COL ID 329RH
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Momordica dasycarpa Cucumis dasycarpa Cucumis dipsaceus