Cucumis myriocarpus Naudin

Gooseberry gourd (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Cucurbitales > Cucurbitaceae > Cucumis

Characteristics

Herbs; annual; with a woody rootstock; lacking tubers; monoecious. Stems procumbent; sulcate; not aculeate; retrorse-strigose; with nonbreakaway hairs. Stem hairs 0.4-1(-1.8) mm long. Nodes not geniculate. Internodes 2-9(-20) cm long. Leaves: Petioles 1.5-6(-13.5) cm long (cultivated specimens sometimes exhibit long petioles); sulcate; not aculeate; pubescence 3 different types in distinct zones on each petiole; basally retrorse-strigose, hirsute in the middle, and apically antrorse-strigose; with nonbreakaway hairs. Leaf blades 5-palmately lobed; with the margin serrate; broadly ovate to very broadly ovate, or ovate (rarely) in outline; cordate to subcordate at the base; with a basal sinus; 0.5-1.5(-3) cm deep (cultivated specimens exhibit the deepest sinuses); narrowly acute to acute to broadly acute, or obtuse at the apex; 2.5-9(-16) x 2-8.5(-13) cm (cultivated specimens exhibit extreme values); 0.8-1.2 times longer than wide; antrorse-strigose (or sparsely so) on the upper surface; not aculeate on the veins below; antrorse-strigose or hispidulous on the veins below; antrorse-strigose or hispidulous on the intervenium below; with nonbreakaway hairs. Central leaf-blade lobe pinnatifid or entire; elliptic to narrowly elliptic in outline; narrowly acute to acute to broadly acute, or obtuse at the apex; 1.7-6.5(-12.5) x 1-4(-7.5) cm (cultivated specimens exhibit extreme values). Lateral leaf-blade lobes asymmetrical; entire; elliptic, or broadly elliptic to transversely elliptic in outline; broadly acute to obtuse at the apex; 0.5-4.5(-5.5) x 0.4-2.5(-4) cm (cultivated specimens exhibit extreme values). Tendrils: Present; solitary; simple; 1.5-4.5 cm long; not aculeate; antrorse-strigose. Inflorescences: Unisexual. Male inflorescences: A solitary flower, fasciculate, or paniculate; 1-6-flowered; sessile. Male flowers: Pedicel terete in cross section; 5-12 mm long; hispidulous or antrorse-strigose; without bracteoles. Hypanthium infundibular or campanulate; 3.6-5 mm long; 2.4-3.6 mm in diam.; antrorse-strigose or hispidulous (sparsely). Calyx lobes linear to narrowly triangular in outline; narrowly acute at the apex; 1.6-3.6 x 0.3-0.6 mm; sparsely antrorse-strigose, or hispidulous (sparsely). Corolla infundibular; puberulent or hispidulous outside (sparsely); sparsely puberulent or glabrous inside. Corolla tube 0.6-2.4 mm long; 3-6 mm in diam.; sparsely hispidulous or puberulent outside. Corolla lobes elliptic to broadly elliptic in outline; obtuse or broadly acute, and mucronate at the apex; 3.2-6 x 2.8-4.4 mm; sparsely hispidulous or puberulent outside; sparsely puberulent or glabrous inside. Stamens separating from the hypanthium 1.6-2.4 mm from the base of the hypanthium. Filaments terete in cross section; ca 0.4 mm long; 0.2-0.4 mm wide; glabrous. Anther thecae 1.5-2.4 mm long; puberulent. Anther connective obovate; unilobate; obtuse at apex; papillate at the apex; 0.8-1.2 x 0.6-0.8 mm. Disc cylindrical; 0.6-1 mm long; 0.8-1.4 mm in diam. Female inflorescences: A solitary flower; 1-flowered. Female flowers: Pedicel terete to sulcate in outline; (5-)8-30(-60) mm long; hispidulous or retrorse-strigose; with nonbreakaway hairs; cylindrical. The lower 2/3 or 3/4 of hypanthium fused to the ovary. Fused portion of hypanthium ovoid; 4.4-6.4 mm long; 2-3.2 mm in diam.; aculeate; glabrous. Aculei soft; 1-2 mm long. Hyaline bristle at apex of aculeus 0.6-1.2 mm long; 1-1.5 times as long as the opaque base. The upper 1/3 or 1/4 of hypanthium free from the ovary. Free portion of hypanthium 1.2-4 mm long; 1.6-2.4 mm in diam.; not aculeate outside; hispidulous (to sparsely so) outside; puberulent (to sparsely so) inside. Calyx lobes linear to narrowly triangular in outline; narrowly acute at the apex; 1-4.4 x 0.2-0.4 mm; sparsely hispidulous. Corolla puberulent outside; puberulent (to sparsely so) inside. Corolla tube present; 0.3-1.2 mm long; 2-4 mm in diam.; puberulent outside. Corolla lobes elliptic to broadly elliptic in outline; broadly acute, or obtuse and mucronate at the apex; 2-6.8 x 1.8-3.6 mm; puberulent outside; puberulent (to sparsely so) inside. Staminodes present; separating from the free portion of the hypanthium 0.6-1.6 mm above the ovary; 0.6-0.8 mm long; 0.1-0.2 mm in diam.; glabrous. Style 1-2 mm long; 0.2-0.6 mm in diam.; subtended by a circular disc. Disc 0.3-0.8 mm long; 0.7-1.2 mm in diam. Stigma 1-2.2 mm long; 1.1-1.8 mm in diam.; lobate; with 6, 5, or 3 finger-like projections on the margin. Finger-like stigmatic projections 0.6-1.7 mm long; 0.3-0.6 mm in diam.; papillate. Fruit: Not geocarpic, maturing above ground and readily visible. Pedicel sulcate or terete in cross section; 1-6 cm long; hispidulous or retrorse-strigose; with nonbreakaway hairs; cylindrical. Fruit bicolored with longitudinal stripes from base to apex or monocolored (when mature); green (when immature), orange (when mature), or yellow (when mature); with light green (light, when immature), white (when immature), brown (when immature), purple (when immature), or yellow (when mature) longitudinal stripes; ellipsoid or globose; 1.5-3(-5) cm long; 1.5-2.5 cm in diam.; aculeate (to sparsely so, dark longitudinal bands with 1-20 aculei and the light longitudinal bands with 0-5(-10) aculei; glabrous; blunt at the apex. Aculei terete; with hyaline bristle lost; 0.5-0.6 or 1.5-4 mm long; 0.2-0.5 mm in diam. Seeds: Seeds elliptic; 4.6-6.7 x 2.4-3 mm; 1.1-1.6 mm thick; unwinged.
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Plants: rootstock thick, woody. Tendrils antrorsely strigose. Leaves: petiole proximally retrorsely strigose, medially hirsute, distally antrorsely strigose; blade ovate, palmately 5-lobed, 2.5–9(–16) × 2–8.5(–13) cm, length 0.8–1.2 times width, base cordate to subcordate, lobes elliptic, margins serrate. Inflorescences: pedicels of pistillate flowers and fruits cylindric; staminate flowers 1 or 2–6 in sessile fascicles or panicles; pistillate flowers: calyx lobes 1.5–4.5 mm, petals 2–7 mm, corolla tube 0.3–1.2 mm, puberulent to sparsely puberulent inside. Pepos orange to yellow with green to yellow stripes, monocolor or bicolor-striped at maturity, short-ellipsoid to globose, 1.5–3(–5) × 1.5–3 cm, obscurely aculeate, flesh yellowish. 2n = 24.
Annual; stems to 2 m long, hispid. Leaves broadly ovate, cordate at base; lamina  25–75 mm long, 25–80 mm wide, 3–5-lobed; lobes obovate, dentate to lobulate,  obtuse, apiculate, almost glabrous above, hispid beneath; petiole 10–85 mm long,  hispid. Male flowers in 2–4-flowered fascicles or short racemes; peduncle to 5 mm  long; pedicels 2–4 mm long; hypanthium campanulate, 3 mm long; calyx lobes  subulate, 1.5 mm long; corolla lobes ovate, 4–5 mm long. Female flowers solitary or  paired; pedicels 3–8 mm long; ovary ellipsoidal, attenuate, 2–3 mm long, setose. Fruit subglobose, 15–25 mm diam., with scattered soft bristles, green with pale longitudinal stripes, ripening yellow; pedicel 6–25 mm long. Seeds 3–4 mm long.
A herb. It is an annual plant in the pumpkin family. It grows 20 cm high and spreads 5 m wide. The stem lies along the ground and has tendrils. The leaves are oval or heart shaped and 6 cm long. There are 5 leaflets with teeth along the edges The flowers are white with dark green stripes. The flowers occur in clusters or 2 to 4. The fruit are pale green oval melons that turn yellow when ripe. They are 2-3 cm across. There are many fruit hidden under the leaves.
Monoecious, roughly hairy, poisonous annual, with prostrate stems, up to 2.5 m long, and with simple tendrils. Leaves broadly ovate, up to 160 mm long, deeply palmately 5-lobed. Flowers up to 8.5 mm long, yellow, male 1-6 per axil, female solitary. Ripe fruit ellipsoidal or globose, 15-50 mm long, sparsely to densely prickly, longitudinally striped in shades of orange or uniform pale yellow.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 5.0
Mature height (meter) 1.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Open localities in grassland and wooded grassland, especially on sandy soils at elevations from 350-2,000 metres. It is frequently found as a weed of cultivated land and irrigation furrows.
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It is a tropical and subtropical plant. It will grow in most soils. It needs an open sunny position. It is resistant to drought and frost. It can grow in arid places.
A weed of disturbed sites, roadsidesand cultivation.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-11

Usage

The fruit are eaten raw. The green fruit are less bitter than ripe fruit. Caution: It often needs extensive preparation to remove poisons. The leaves are eaten as a green vegetable after cooking and also used in relishes and chutneys.
Uses food gene source medicinal poison
Edible fruits leaves
Therapeutic use Purgative (unspecified), Charm (unspecified), Poison (unspecified), Tumor (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are grown from seeds.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) 1
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Fruit

Cucumis myriocarpus fruit picture by Maarten Vanhove (cc-by-sa)
Cucumis myriocarpus fruit picture by Maarten Vanhove (cc-by-sa)
Cucumis myriocarpus fruit picture by Maarten Vanhove (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Cucumis myriocarpus world distribution map, present in Australia, Botswana, Spain, Lesotho, Mozambique, New Zealand, Portugal, Russian Federation, eSwatini, United States of America, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:292252-1
WFO ID wfo-0000628942
COL ID 6BPN3
BDTFX ID 82207
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Cucumis grossularoides Cucumis myriocarpus Cucumis dissectifolius Cucumis merxmuelleri Cucumis africanus var. acutilobus Cucumis africanus var. myriocarpus Cucumis dissectifolius var. filiformis Cucumis myriocarpus subsp. myriocarpus

Lower taxons

Cucumis myriocarpus subsp. leptodermis