Cupaniopsis anacardioides (A.Rich.) Radlk.

Tuckeroo (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Sapindales > Sapindaceae > Cupaniopsis

Characteristics

Trees, treelets or shrubs, (0.5-)2.5-20 m high, dbh up to 45 cm, usually much and widely branched; trunk fluted; bark green or grey to brown, smooth to finely rough, inner bark pink to brown-ish; wood white to (pinkish) brown, heartwood visually darker. Flowering twigs l-4(-5) mm in diam., striate, rarely grooved, strigose, glabrescent. Leaves (l-)2-6(-7)-jugate; petiole l-6(—10.5) cm long, flattened above, rounded below, towards the apex terete, strigose; rachis 0.5-16.5 cm long, flattened above, rounded below, at least towards the apex, striate, often grooved above, strigose, glabrescent; petiolules (0.5-)l-6(-13) mm, grooved above, shortly appressed-hairy (to almost glabrous). Leaflets opposite to alternate, (narrowly) obovate, rarely elliptic, symmetric to slightly asymmetric, upper (1.5-)5-16(-19) by 0.5-7.5 cm, index 1.2-3.8(-4.2), above dull or glossy, light to dark green, below paler so, sometimes greyish, (thinly) coriaceous, above glabrous, below glabrous to thinly shortly appressed-hairy, midrib usually a bit more densely so; base (broad-)cuneate, rarely rounded; apex obtuse to rounded, rarely shortly and broadly acuminate, often retuse, rarely emarginate; margin entire; midrib above rarely slightly prominent, or slightly sunken, nerves (5-)7-16(-20) per side, (2-)5-15(-22) mm apart, angle to midrib 50-70°. Inflorescences axillary to pseudoterminal, often pendulous, 2-36 cm long, with (very) long, rarely short branches, rarely unbranched, laxly flowered; cymules dichasial, 1-several-flowered; bracts and bracteoles lanceolate to deltoid, sometimes semi-orbicular, 0.4-1 by 0.4-1.1 mm, not persisting, outside shortly appressed-hairy, margin short cibate and rarely also with short glandular hairs, in-side glabrous; pedicels 1.3-6 mm long, articulated at the base or up to halfway. Flower buds more or less globular, 1.8-4.2 by 2-4.8 mm. Sepals persisting, irregularly dentate, outside shortly appressed-hairy except rim, margin ciliolate and with glandular hairs, inside glabrous, outer elliptic to almost orbicular, sometimes triangular, 0.8-3.8 by 0.8-4.2 mm, scarious rim narrow, inner more or less orbicular, 1.8-5.6 by 2.4-6 mm, scarious rim wide. Petals white, elliptic to broad-ovate (or semi-orbicular), 0.5-3.7 by 0.6-3.6 mm, with some ap-pressed hairs in basal part or glabrous on both surfaces; scales 2, not crested, 0.5-1.7 mm high, long-ciliate. Disc green, glabrous or with few hairs to 5 tufts of hairs. Stamens 8, rarely 6 or 7, exserted; filaments pale pink, 1.2-4.2 mm long, patently hairy in lower half; anthers yellow, 1.2-2.9 mm long, glabrous or hairy; in female flowers filaments 1.3-3.6 mm long, anthers 1.2-3 mm long. Ovary 3-celled, shortly appressed-hairy, style 0.8-3.3 mm long; stigma 0.4-1.3 mm long, 3-lined; pistillode shortly appressed-hairy, sometimes also with longer hairs, 0.7-1.8 by 0.6-1.4 mm. Fruits green or yellow to orange brown, obpyramidal to ellipsoid, obscurely 3-lobed, 3-keeled or-ribbed at least when young, 9-20 by 10-21(-29) mm, stipe l-2(-4) mm; wall 0.6-2.2 mm thick, outside almost smooth to rugose, velutinous, inside villose to appressed hairy. Seeds flattened ellipsoid, 5-14 by 4-9 mm, testa shiny black; arillode red, covering half to whole of the seed (sometimes oblique), lacerate or grossly dentate to lobed at apex, cotyledons unequal or equal, (obliquely) superposed, rarely (Gulliver 32) collateral.
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Tree to 15 m high. Branchlets and leaf axes shortly appressed pubescent to glabrous, lenticellate. Leaf rachis 2.5–13.5 cm long; leaflets 4–8, occasionally to 12; lamina obovate or elliptic, obtuse to retuse, entire, obtuse to acute at base, 4.5–19 cm long, 1.5–7.5 cm wide, glabrous or lower surface puberulous, coriaceous; lateral veins 6–20 mm apart; reticulation prominent; petiolule 2–7 mm long; petiole 3–7.5 cm long. Panicles 8–35 cm long, peduncles pubescent; cymules stalked; pedicels 3–7 mm long. Calyx lobes 2.5–4 mm long, puberulent or glabrous. Petals ovate, 1.5–3 mm long; scales short. Fruit shortly stipitate, subglobose, apiculate, slightly carinate at sutures, 1.5–3 cm long, 1.5–2.2 cm diam., puberulent, golden-yellow, red-tinged; valves thick, villous inside. Aril yellow to orange-red.
An evergreen tree. It grows 8-15 m high. It can spread 5-15 m across. It has a dense rounded crown. The trunk is smooth and pale grey. The inner bark is orange. The leaves have leaflets along the stalk. The leaves are 10-20 cm long with 2-6 pairs of opposite leaflets. The leaflets are leathery and dark green. They are oblong with a rounded tip. They are 7-10 cm long by 3-5 cm wide. The flowers are greenish-white. The fruit occur in long chains. They are orange. They are leathery and have 3-6 lobes. They are 1-2 cm across. The seeds are black. They have a reddish attachment.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
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Mature width (meter) 5.0 - 15.0
Mature height (meter) 9.0 - 12.5
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OctNovDec
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Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It grows in warm temperate to tropical places. It is native to Australia. In tropical Queensland it grows from sea level to 800 m altitude. It needs good drainage. It can grow in dry soil. It can grow in full sun or light shade. It can grow in coastal regions. It can tolerate salt. It is damaged by frost. It suits hardiness zones 9-11. Melbourne Botanical Gardens. Arboretum Tasmania.
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Chiefly coastal, on rocky beaches, in hilly scrub and riverine forest.
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Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

The ripe orange fruit are eaten. It is the fleshy aril or layer around the seeds that is eaten.
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Uses Planted as a street or park tree.
Grown as a park and street tree.
Uses environmental use material
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
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Cultivation

Plants can be grown from fresh seed. Seed should be soaked before planting. It can take one month for seed to germinate. It should be grown vegetatively from good fruiting trees. This can be done by layering.
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Images

Leaf

Cupaniopsis anacardioides leaf picture by aria salan (cc-by-sa)
Cupaniopsis anacardioides leaf picture by aria salan (cc-by-sa)
Cupaniopsis anacardioides leaf picture by Danielle Stig (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Cupaniopsis anacardioides flower picture by Danielle Stig (cc-by-sa)
Cupaniopsis anacardioides flower picture by Danielle Stig (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Cupaniopsis anacardioides fruit picture by Sandra Galbraith (cc-by-sa)
Cupaniopsis anacardioides fruit picture by Danielle Stig (cc-by-sa)
Cupaniopsis anacardioides fruit picture by Danielle Stig (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Cupaniopsis anacardioides world distribution map, present in Australia, India, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Papua New Guinea, and United States of America

Conservation status

Cupaniopsis anacardioides threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:782610-1
WFO ID wfo-0000629667
COL ID 6BS4B
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Cupaniopsis parvifolia Cupania anacardioides var. parvifolia Cupaniopsis anacardioides var. parvifolia Cupania anacardioides Cupaniopsis anacardioides f. parvifolia Cupaniopsis anacardioides