Cuscuta cassytoides Nees

African dodder (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Solanales > Convolvulaceae > Cuscuta

Characteristics

Stems coarse, 0.5-2.5 mm in diameter, yellow-green and often with purple or brown spots. Flowers subsessile, 2.5-4.0 mm long, yellowish, drying dark brown, arranged in few-flowered clusters in paniculate spikes, or inflorescence reduced to a single short raceme. Calyx cupulate, almost as long as corolla tube; lobes broadly ovate to orbicular, broadly rounded, overlapping, with ± unequal edges. Corolla campanulate; lobes as long as tube, ovate, obtuse to rounded, erect to reflexed. Stamens subsessile, shorter than corolla lobes; filaments much shorter than anthers. Scales triangular, adnate to tube over most of their surface, with small free lateral fringed portions, sometimes much reduced. Ovary globose-conical; styles united into a single column ±0.5-1.5 mm long; stigmas small, flat. Capsule globose-ovoid to ovoid-oblong, circumscissile near base, 5-8 mm long; styles persistent. Seeds up to 4, sub-globose, +3 mm long, hilum long narrow, terminal.
More
Stems coarse, up to 2 mm or more in diam., brownish-or yellowish-red. Flowers in short racemes on very short pedicels in the axils of broadly triangular obtuse bracts; the common peduncle simple or occasionally branched near the base. Calyx cupulate, persistent, lobes orbicular, broadly rounded, overlapping, with more or less unequal edges. Corolla yellowish-white, campanu-late, 3-3.5 mm long, remaining on the developing capsule; lobes as long as the tube, ovate, obtuse, crenulate, erect or reflexed. Stamens subsessile or filaments much shorter than the anthers, inserted at the sinus. Corolla-scales represented by narrow wings. Ovary ovate-conical. Style longer than the depressed-globose stigmas. Capsule ovate-oblong, mucronate by the style, circumscissile near the base, 5 mm high, without opening at the top; 1-2-seeded.
Parasitic, twining herb. Stems coarse, yellow-green with purple or brown spots. Inflorescences a single, short raceme or few-flowered clusters in spikes. Flowers subsessile, 2.5-4.5 mm long, yellow, drying dark brown. Calyx cupulate, as long as corolla tube; lobes ± ovate, overlapping, edges unequal. Corolla campanulate; lobes as long as tube, ± ovate, erect to reflexed. Stamens shorter than corolla lobes; filaments shorter than anthers. Scales triangular, adnate to tube, with small free lateral fringed portions. Ovary ± globose; styles in a single column, 1 mm long. Flowering time Feb.-Oct. Fruit an ovoid capsule, 5-8 mm long, circumscissile near base. Seeds subglobose, 3 mm long.
Leafless, parasitic, annual vine, stems ± 2 mm diam. Flowers subsessile in racemes or panicles, greenish, styles fused.
Twining parasite. Styles united almost to apex. Flowers yellowish.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support climber parasite
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
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Mature height (meter) 0.0
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Flower color
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Nitrogen fixer -
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Environment

On Ficus glomerata ROXB. and other woody plants; the only specimen from Java, at ca 10 m, in a very dry locality. Apparently confined to regions with a pronounced dry season.
Light -
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
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Distribution

Cuscuta cassytoides world distribution map, present in Ethiopia, Indonesia, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Malaysia, eSwatini, Timor-Leste, Tanzania, United Republic of, United States of America, South Africa, and Zambia

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:267351-1
WFO ID wfo-0001297201
COL ID 32LNS
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 670757
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Monogynella cassytoides Cuscuta cassytoides