Cyathula achyranthoides Moq.

Species

Angiosperms > Caryophyllales > Amaranthaceae > Cyathula

Characteristics

Annual (?) herb up to ± 1.2 m. tall, erect, or ascending with the lowest nodes rooting, simple or branched from the base and frequently also above.. Stems and branches terete near the base, becoming bluntly and finally more conspicuously tetragonous upwards, thinly to moderately pilose with appressed brownish hairs, especially about the somewhat swollen nodes.. Leaves elliptic-obovate, 4–16 × 1.5–8 cm., acute to distinctly acuminate above and mucronate with the shortly excurrent midrib, attenuate to the base and sessile, with scattered appressed hairs on the surfaces and usually more densely pilose along the midrib and primary venation.. Spikes terminal on the stem and branches, dense (the flowers falling early at maturity so that the spikes remain dense, rarely with remote lower flowers), ± 8 mm. in diameter and 2–10(–15) cm. long; peduncle of terminal spikes to ± 6.5 cm.; bracts deltoid-lanceolate, 1.5–2 mm., membranous, mucronate with the shortly excurrent darker midrib, almost or quite glabrous; bracteoles deltoid-ovate, 2–3 mm., hyaline, ± long-pilose, the brownish midrib excurrent in a long frequently uncinate arista; flowers in very shortly pedunculate cymose clusters of 1–2 hermaphrodite flowers each subtended by 2–3 modified flowers.. Tepals oblong-lanceolate, 3–5 mm., 3-nerved with the lateral nerves strongest in the outer tepals, long-pilose, midrib joined by the lateral nerves just below the apex and excurrent to form a short mucro, or in one or more of the outer tepals an uncinate arista.. Modified flowers of a number of uncinate-aristate processes, the outer deltoid-ovate below and bracteole-like, the remainder gradually narrower and transitional to ± 2–4 hooked spines; flower clusters ovoid, finally deflexed, falling as a unit to form a burr ± 6 mm. long with the spines much exceeding the fertile flower(s).. Filaments very slender, 1.75–2 mm., delicate, the pseudostaminodes subulate, less than half the length of the filaments, entire or dentate.. Style slender, 1 mm.. Capsule ovoid, 2 mm., delicate save for the narrow firm apex.. Seed ovoid, 1.75 mm., yellowish brown, smooth and shining.
More
Erect or decumbent geniculate pubescent or glabrate annuals or perennials to 1 m. high, often rooting at the lower nodes. Leaves usually strigose on both surfaces, entire or slightly undulate, ovate to rhombic-ovate, apically acuminate to attenuate, basally acute to cuneate, 4-15 cm. long, 1.5-5 cm. broad; petioles 2-10 mm. long. Inflorescences of terminal and axillary spikes of glomerules, the mature glomerule usually consisting of a fertile lower flower and a rudimentary, rarely perfect, terminal flower with 2 of its sepals usicinate-aristate, the terminal flower subtended on each side by a cluster of 3-7 hooks representing 1 modified flower, some of the hooks conspicuously longer than the glomerule; spikes 3-15 cm. long, 5-7 mm. broad, interrupted less than half their length; bracts and bracteoles subequal, ovate, concave, mucronate or aristate, 1.5-3 mm. long; sepals 5, subequal, ovate, concave, scariose, usually pubescent only at the extremities, with 1-3 ribs occasionally strongly exserted dorsally, 2.5-4 mm. long, 1-1.5 mm. broad; stamens 5, 1-2 mm. long, united below forming a tube bearing 5 inter-calated irregularly lacerate pseudostaminodia; ovary at first tympaniform, becoming ovoid; style 1, stigma 1, at anthesis about equaling the stamens. Utricle ovoid, rather conspicuously operculate, 1.5-2.5 mm. long; seeds cochleate-orbicculate, succineous, smooth, 1.5-2.5 mm. long.
Erect herb to 1 m, somewhat pubescent, branched; stem striate, somewhat angled, thickened at nodes. Petiole to ca. 1 cm long; blade lanceolate, elliptical or ovate, to ca. 11 x 7 cm, acuminate at apex, tapering at base, pubescent. Inflorescence spiciform, pubescent, with glomerules distant towards base of axis, congested in middle and distal parts of axis; glomerules lanceoloid, 3-5 mm long, acuminate, shortly pedunculate, soon deflexed, usually consisting of 1 fertile, 1 (or 0) sterile, and 2 rudimentary, unisexual, uncinate flowers, to 2.5 mm long, nearly twice as long as fruiting perianth. Tepals oblong-lanceolate, acute, 3-veined, pubescent, greenish-white or yellowish; staminodes 3-fid. Seed brown, smooth.
A herb. It grows each year from seed. It grows 1.2 m tall.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.2
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a tropical plant.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses environmental use food material medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use Hemostat (unspecified), Styptic (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Cyathula achyranthoides unspecified picture

Distribution

Cyathula achyranthoides world distribution map, present in Benin, Burkina Faso, Belize, Brazil, Central African Republic, Côte d'Ivoire, Cameroon, Congo, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Gambia, Equatorial Guinea, Guatemala, French Guiana, Guyana, Honduras, Jamaica, Madagascar, Mexico, Mali, Nigeria, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Sudan, Suriname, Chad, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60139-1
WFO ID wfo-0000631165
COL ID 32R4H
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 631055
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Achyranthes uncinata Cyathula geminata Desmochaeta achyranthoides Achyranthes geminata Cyathula achyranthoides Pupalia densiflora Cyathula achyranthoides var. densiflora Cyathula achyranthoides var. glabrescens Cyathula prostrata var. achyranthoides