Cystopteris protrusa (Weath.) Blasdell

Lowland bladderfern (en)

Species

Pteridophytes > Polypodiales > Cystopteridaceae > Cystopteris

Characteristics

Stems creeping, not cordlike, internodes long, 0.5--1 cm, with persistent petiole bases, covered with tan to golden hairs, especially toward apex; scales tan to light brown, ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, radial walls thin, luminae tan, mostly crowded at stem apex. Leaves seasonally dimorphic, clustered 1 to several cm beyond persistent old petiole bases, especially in late spring and early summer, to 45 cm, bearing sori (earliest leaves smaller, sterile, coarsely divided, margins with rounded teeth; subsequent leaves larger, fertile, more finely divided, margins with sharply pointed teeth). Petiole mostly green to straw-colored throughout, shorter than or nearly equaling blade, base sparsely scaly. Blade ovate to elliptic, 1-pinnate-pinnatifid to 2-pinnate, widest at or just below middle, apex broadly acute; rachis and costae lacking gland-tipped hairs or bulblets; axils of pinnae lacking multicellular, gland-tipped hairs. Pinnae usually perpendicular to rachis, not curving toward blade apex, margins dentate to serrate; proximal pinnae pinnatifid to pinnate-pinnatifid, ± equilateral, basiscopic pinnules not enlarged, basal basiscopic pinnules stalked, base truncate to obtuse; distal pinnae deltate to ovate. Veins mostly directed into teeth. Indusia ovate to cup-shaped, lacking gland-tipped hairs. Spores spiny, usually 28--34 µm. 2 n = 84.
More
Rhizome long-creeping, sparsely scaly but densely villous, the growing point produced 2-4 cm beyond the often more scattered lvs; petiole greenish or stramineous except often at the very base; minor axes of the blade with scattered glands; veins typically running into marginal teeth; lowermost pinnules mostly cuneate at the base, and often short-petiolulate; indusium ca 0.5 mm, usually entire; 2n=84; otherwise much like no. 1 [Cystopteris fragilis (L.) Bernh.]. Abundant in mesic woods; N.Y. and s. Ont. to s. Minn., s. to Ga., Ala., La., and e. Kans. (C. fragilis var. p.)
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality -
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.3 - 0.45
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light 4-6
Soil humidity 5-7
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 2-6

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use Febrifuge (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -45
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Cystopteris protrusa leaf picture by Maarten Vanhove (cc-by-sa)
Cystopteris protrusa leaf picture by Maarten Vanhove (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Cystopteris protrusa world distribution map, present in Canada and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:75699-2
WFO ID wfo-0001109563
COL ID 33Q2G
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Cystopteris protrusa Cystopteris fragilis f. protrusa Cystopteris fragilis var. protrusa