Dalechampia scandens L.

Spurgecreeper (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Euphorbiaceae > Dalechampia

Characteristics

A slender twiner to 3 m.. Stems glabrous or finely pubescent, arising from a woody  stock.. Petiole 5(–10) cm. long; stipules linear-lanceolate, 5–7(–12) mm. long; blade trifid or trilobate, rarely quinquelobate, the lobes obovate to elliptic-oblanceolate or lanceolate, acute or obtuse, glandular-toothed or quite entire, up to 14 cm. long and 4.5 cm. wide, shallowly to deeply cordate, puberulous along the nerves and otherwise glabrous, or evenly pubescent, rarely completely glabrous above and beneath, glands at the base stipelliform, linear-subulate, 1–3 mm. long.. Inflorescences axillary, or terminal on lateral shoots; main peduncles up to 17 cm. long, glabrous or pubescent; stipules of the bracts resembling the foliar stipules; bracts ovate in outline, deeply or shallowly 3-lobed, the lobes triangular or lanceolate, acute, toothed or entire, up to 5 cm. long and wide, although commonly much less, rounded or shallowly cordate at the base, glabrous or pubescent without and within, 7-nerved from the base, yellow with green nerves at first, later becoming uniformly greenish.. Male peduncles 3–5 mm. long, pubescent; involucre 8 mm. across, glabrous or almost so, 13-flowered.. Mass of fused bracts adaxial, flattened.. Male flowers: pedicels 3 mm. long; sepals elliptic-ovate, 2 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, later becoming reflexed, but remaining in-flexed at the tip, minutely puberulous outside, glabrous within, greenish yellow.. Bracts subtending the ♀ flowers 2–3, the abaxial one ovate, 3 mm. long, ± entire, ciliate, often glandular near the apex, the other(s) oblong or ovate, 2 mm. long, undulate or repand-denticulate and often glandular at the apex, ciliate.. Female flowers: pedicels 2 mm. long, extending to 1.5 cm. in fruit; sepals 6, pinnatifid, elliptic in outline, 2.5 mm. long, extending to 1 cm. in fruit, with 6 pairs of linear lateral lobes each terminating in a yellow clavate gland, puberulous above and beneath, but with the lobes densely strigose-hirsute on the margins, the hairs whitish and urticating; disc 0; ovary densely pubescent; style up to 1 cm. long, abruptly dilated and excavated at the apex.. Fruits 3-lobed, 5 mm. long and 8 mm. wide, pubescent, brownish.. Seeds spherical, 3 mm. diameter, greyish, streaked and mottled with dark brown.
More
Leaves up to 13 × 14 cm, 3-fid or 3-lobed, rarely 5-lobed, shallowly to deeply cordate at the base with 5–9 basal nerves; lobes 3–10 × 1.5–4 cm, subequal, obovate to elliptic-oblanceolate or lanceolate, acutely acuminate to obtuse at the apex, serrate to subentire, slightly or not constricted at the base, puberulous or pubescent along the nerves, sometimes with scattered urticating hairs, or else subglabrous; lateral nerves in 5–9 pairs; stipels 1–3 mm long.
Inflorescences axillary; peduncles 1–10 cm long, leafless or with a small leaf near the base; bract stipules 1.5–5 mm long, lanceolate; bracts (1)2–4 × (1)2.5–4 cm, ovate in outline, 3-lobed, often shallowly so, the lobes triangular-lanceolate, acute or subacute, glandular-serrate to subentire, cordate at the base, 7–9-nerved from the base, glabrous or pubescent without and within, cream-coloured to pale green.
Female flowers: pedicels 2 mm long, extending to 1.5 cm in fruit; sepals 6–9, sepal rhachis 2.5 mm long, extending to 0.8–1.5 cm in fruit, linear, lateral lobules in 6–10 pairs, gland-tipped, pubescent and with urticating hairs; ovary c. 1 mm in diameter, densely pubescent; stylar column 5–7 mm long, abruptly dilated and excavated at the apex.
Female bracts 2–3(4), ovate or oblong; the adaxial bract 2 mm long, repand-denticulate; the abaxial bracts 3 mm long, ± entire; the lateral bracts smaller, undulate, all ciliate.
Male peduncles 3–5 mm long, involucre 5–8 mm across, 13-flowered; mass of fused bracts and aborted flowers adaxial, flattened.
Male flowers: pedicels 3 mm long; calyx lobes 5, 2 mm long, elliptic-ovate, subglabrous; stamens 20–30, rarely fewer.
A slender pubescent and often urticating trailing or climbing perennial herb; stems up to 3 m from a woody stock.
Seeds 3–3.5 × 3–3.5 mm, ± smooth, pale grey or dark reddish-brown and streaked and mottled with silvery-grey.
Fruit 5 × 8–10 mm, ± smooth, pubescent, brownish.
Stipules 2–7 mm long, linear-lanceolate.
Petioles 1–9 cm long.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support climber
Foliage retention
Sexuality -
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) -
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light 7-9
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses animal food material medicinal poison
Edible -
Therapeutic use Bite(Scorpion) (unspecified), Toothache (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Flower

Dalechampia scandens flower picture by Yoannis Domínguez (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Dalechampia scandens world distribution map, present in Angola, Belize, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Congo, Costa Rica, Cuba, Djibouti, Dominica, Ecuador, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Guinea, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Haiti, Indonesia, Kenya, Madagascar, Mali, Myanmar, Mozambique, Mauritania, Namibia, Nicaragua, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Puerto Rico, Paraguay, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Senegal, Somalia, Suriname, Chad, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Uruguay, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), and Yemen

Conservation status

Dalechampia scandens threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:319177-2
WFO ID wfo-0000937396
COL ID 33ZYZ
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 629525
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Dalechampia scandens Dalechampia mollis Dalechampia scandens f. latifolia Dalechampia brevipes Dalechampia scandens var. genuina

Lower taxons

Dalechampia scandens var. kurzii Dalechampia scandens var. cordofana Dalechampia scandens var. hibiscoides Dalechampia scandens var. hildebrandtii Dalechampia scandens var. mollis Dalechampia scandens var. natalensis Dalechampia scandens var. scandens Dalechampia scandens var. pseudoclematis Dalechampia scandens var. fallax Dalechampia scandens var. heterodonta