Datura metel L.

Datura métel (fr), Métel (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Solanales > Solanaceae > Darcyanthus > Datura

Characteristics

Annual herb, glabrous or sparsely pubescent with non-glandular hairs. Mature leaves ovate to broadly ovate and angular, lamina up to 16 cm long and 15 cm wide, slightly sinuate to coarsely serrate. Calyx 4–7 cm long, 5 (occasionally up to 9)–lobed; lobes 8–15 mm long. Corolla usually double or triple, the inner one 14–20 cm long, deep purple outside, pale lavender to white inside; limb 5 (occasionally to 9)–lobed, the lobes ending in slender point 10–25 mm long. Stamens not exserted; anthers 8–12 mm long. Style 10–14 cm long; stigma 2–4 cm below anthers. Capsule globose or nearly so, 3–4 cm diam., deflexed, tuberculate; tubercles 100–200, conical, all about equal in length, 2–5 mm long. Persistent base of calyx to 3 mm long. Seeds 4–5 mm long, yellow.
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Glabrate shrub to 2 m tall; twigs dark, purplish-colored (Panama). Leaves broadly ovate, to 15 cm long, margins subentire to repand-dentate, the base truncate or obtuse and oblique, the lamina with scattered small hairs; petioles slender, 3-8 cm long. Pedicels stout, erect or nodding, ca. 10 mm long, tardily deciduous at the base. Flowers with the calyx tubular, little or not inflated, slightly wider at base and apex, 3-8 cm long, opening by 5 subequal lobes 1-2 cm long, circumscissile near the base leaving a distinct flange 5-15 mm long, glabrous or puberulent with short, simple hairs, drying with prominent longi-tudinal veins; corolla showy white or purple, tubiform, the narrowly obconical
Corolla showy, white or yellow, purple or violet, sometimes purple or violet outside and whitish inside, 12–19 cm long, trumpet-shaped to ± tubular, simple or sometimes double or triple, sparsely pubescent, at least, or more densely, along the nerves, or ± glabrous; tube narrow, filling the calyx for half or a third of its length, with very short hairs scattered mainly below on the staminal region within; limb (3)6–10 cm across, sinuately 5-or 10-toothed or-lobed, the teeth or lobes ovate or ± triangular with a ± wide base and narrowing to the apex into an acute to long-acuminate tip up to 15 mm long, usually recurved, when 10, 5 shorter alternating with 5 longer ones.
Leaves solitary, the upper ones often geminate; petiole 1–8 cm long; lamina membranous or papyraceous, 4–24 × 2–20 cm, broadly to narrowly ovate or ovate-lanceolate, sometimes rhombic-ovate or elliptic, base cuneate to rounded or truncate, sometimes cordate, and oblique to dimidiate, often ± decurrent into the petiole, apex obtuse to acute or acuminate, entire or sinuate to coarsely dentate or lobed with a few, irregular, broadly triangular, obtuse to acute teeth or lobes, at first densely pubescent, later sparsely pubescent, more densely so on the nerves, to glabrous, the lateral nerves extending to the margin.
tube filling the calyx, 8-20 cm long, the limb sometimes double or triple, flaring to 3-10 cm across, sinuately 5-lobed with 5 or 10 linear teeth; filaments glabrous, sometimes connate or apically appendaged, anthers ca. 10 mm long; ovary short-conical, style glabrous. Fruit ovoid or elliptical to 4 cm long, splitting irregularly, covered with conspicuous tubercles or soft, stout teeth, 4-loculed, many seeded, nodding to somewhat upright but not strictly erect; seeds flattened, reniform, ca. 5 mm long, with a small fleshy aril.
Calyx (3.5)4–7.5(8.5) × (0.8)1.1–4 cm, ± 5-angled or slightly 5-ribbed, subdensely pubescent to glabrous, sometimes hairy along margins of lobes and midvein inside, drying with prominent longitudinal nerves; tube little or not inflated and slightly wider downwards and upwards; lobes subequal, (0.4)0.7–2.4 × (0.3)0.4–0.9 cm, ovate to triangular-lanceolate, acute to long-acuminate; in fruit the flange up to 15 mm wide, appressed to the fruit or ± reflexed.
Fruit somewhat upright to nodding, reddish-brown or purplish when ripe, 3–3.8 × 2.4–3.3 cm including spines, ovoid or ± globose, with walls up to 4 mm thick, covered with few–many, stout, conical spines 2.5–8 mm long or tubercles, densely and shortly pubescent to ± glabrous, irregularly breaking up.
Seeds whitish, yellowish-brown or brown, 4–6 × 4–5 × 1.4 mm, subcircular, ovate to obovate in outline, or sometimes ± reniform, strongly thickened and longitudinally ridged at the border, finely tuberculate to almost smooth; caruncle small, fleshy.
A sp. of uncertain geographic origin, is rarely adventive in waste places. It has glabrous to subglabrous herbage, coarsely few-toothed, basally truncate to broadly cuneate lvs with a few large coarse teeth on the margins, and a 10-lobed cor-limb.
Stamens (4)5, included, rarely subexserted; filaments adnate to above the middle of the corolla tube and with a few white, relatively wide, short hairs, free upwards for 3.5–5(7) cm and ± glabrous; anthers 10–17.5 mm long, linear in outline.
Annual herb, up to 1.5 m or higher. Pedicels up to 10 mm long. Calyx up to 50 mm long. Corolla 160-180 mm long. Fruit tubercled or covered with short spines, densely short strigose-pubescent. Flowers white, yellow or purple.
A herb or short lived shrub. The leaves are large and oval. They have irregular edges. The flowers are long and trumpet shaped. They are light yellow or white. The fruit are rounded and have short thorns. POISONOUS.
Flowers solitary or rarely 2 together, terminal or lateral, at first erect, later drooping; pedicel 5–11 mm long, stout, ± densely pubescent mainly towards the base and near the calyx, in fruit elongated to 20 mm.
Ovary up to 8 × 8 mm, shortly conical, with short (or rarely longer and thinner) appendages, very shortly pubescent or ± glabrous; style 11–13(17.5) cm long, straight, glabrous.
Erect or occasionally decumbent herb or shrub, (0.2)0.6–2(3.5) m high, sometimes ± bushy, sometimes tinged purple or violet.
Branches striate and ± sulcate, glabrous to ± densely pubescent especially when young.
White or wine-purple, sometimes (in cultivation) double flowers.
Habit of the last (Datura innoxia), 2-3 ft. high
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.0
Mature height (meter) 1.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Waste places, river sands etc in sunny positions
More
Waste places, river sands etc in sunny positions
A tropical plant. In XTBG Yunnan.
Light 6-8
Soil humidity 2-6
Soil texture 3-6
Soil acidity 4-9
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-10

Usage

CAUTION: IT IS POISONOUS. The seeds are very poisonous. The active poisonous alkaloids are atropine, hyoscyamine and hyoscine. The leaves and roots have been used to make an alcoholic drink. They are bruised and mixed with water to ferment. Caution: Alcohol is a cause of cancer.
Uses dye environmental use food gene source material medicinal non-vertebrate poison oil poison social use vertebrate poison
Edible leaves roots
Therapeutic use Common cold (flower), Cough (flower), Earache (flower), Abscess (fruit), Antihypertensive agents (fruit), Asthma (fruit), Bites and stings (fruit), Brain diseases (fruit), Contraceptive agents (fruit), Cough (fruit), Dandruff (fruit), Eczema (fruit), Fever (fruit), Inflammation (fruit), Malaria (fruit), Skin diseases (fruit), Spasm (fruit), Abrasions (leaf), Analgesics (leaf), Anthelmintics (leaf), Anti-bacterial agents (leaf), Anti-infective agents (leaf), Anti-infective agents, local (leaf), Antinematodal agents (leaf), Antirheumatic agents (leaf), Antiviral agents (leaf), Asthma (leaf), Brain diseases (leaf), Bronchitis (leaf), Burns (leaf), Cholinergic antagonists (leaf), Common cold (leaf), Cough (leaf), Dandruff (leaf), Diarrhea (leaf), Dracunculiasis (leaf), Earache (leaf), Eczema (leaf), Edema (leaf), Epilepsy (leaf), Exanthema (leaf), Eye pain (leaf), Fever (leaf), Furunculosis (leaf), Headache (leaf), Inflammation (leaf), Insecticides (leaf), Low back pain (leaf), Malaria (leaf), Malignant catarrh (leaf), Mastitis (leaf), Mental disorders (leaf), Mumps (leaf), Narcotics (leaf), Neuralgia (leaf), Pain (leaf), Parasympatholytics (leaf), Scabies (leaf), Sciatica (leaf), Scorpion stings (leaf), Skin diseases (leaf), Snake bites (leaf), Sprains and strains (leaf), Toothache (leaf), Ulcer (leaf), Wound healing (leaf), Anthelmintics (plant exudate), Edema (plant exudate), Wounds and injuries (plant exudate), Abrasions (root), Abortifacient agents (root), Abortion, spontaneous (root), Alcoholic intoxication (root), Analgesics (root), Anthelmintics (root), Anti-infective agents, local (root), Antipyretics (root), Bites and stings (root), Brain diseases (root), Common cold (root), Dermatologic agents (root), Diarrhea (root), Digestive system diseases (root), Emetics (root), Exanthema (root), Fever (root), Furunculosis (root), Malignant catarrh (root), Mental disorders (root), Narcotics (root), Parasympatholytics (root), Scorpion stings (root), Skin diseases (root), Sterilization, reproductive (root), Toothache (root), Toothbrush (root), Fissure (seed), Analgesics (seed), Anthelmintics (seed), Anti-bacterial agents (seed), Antifungal agents (seed), Anti-infective agents, local (seed), Antipyretics (seed), Aphrodisiacs (seed), Arthralgia (seed), Arthritis (seed), Asthma (seed), Bites and stings (seed), Brain diseases (seed), Bronchitis (seed), Common cold (seed), Cough (seed), Dandruff (seed), Dermatologic agents (seed), Diarrhea (seed), Dysentery (seed), Dyspepsia (seed), Ear diseases (seed), Earache (seed), Eczema (seed), Edema (seed), Elephantiasis (seed), Fever (seed), Gout (seed), Hypnotics and sedatives (seed), Hypoglycemic agents (seed), Leprosy (seed), Lice infestations (seed), Low back pain (seed), Malaria (seed), Malignant catarrh (seed), Mental disorders (seed), Narcotics (seed), Pain (seed), Parasympatholytics (seed), Rabies (seed), Rheumatic diseases (seed), Scabies (seed), Skin diseases (seed), Stomach diseases (seed), Toothache (seed), Wounds and injuries (seed), Asthma (stem), Malaria (stem), Headache (unspecified), Analgesic (unspecified), Anasarca (unspecified), Anodyne (unspecified), Arthritis (unspecified), Asthma (unspecified), Bite(Snake) (unspecified), Boil (unspecified), Bronchodilator (unspecified), Cholera (unspecified), Congestion (unspecified), Convulsion (unspecified), Cough (unspecified), Cramp (unspecified), Dandruff (unspecified), Delirium (unspecified), Dermatophytosis (unspecified), Earache (unspecified), Epilepsy (unspecified), Erysipelas (unspecified), Expectorant (unspecified), Fumitory (unspecified), Hemiplegia (unspecified), Homicide (unspecified), Hydrocoele (unspecified), Hypnotic (unspecified), Intoxicant (unspecified), Madness (unspecified), Myalgia (unspecified), Myopathy (unspecified), Numbness (unspecified), Orchitis (unspecified), Otitis (unspecified), Parkinsonianism (unspecified), Parotitis (unspecified), Phthisis (unspecified), Piles (unspecified), Poison (unspecified), Rabies (unspecified), Rectum (unspecified), Rheumatism (unspecified), Ringworm (unspecified), Sedative (unspecified), Smallpox (unspecified), Sore (unspecified), Sore(Throat) (unspecified), Spasm (unspecified), Splenomegaly (unspecified), Swelling (unspecified), Syphilis (unspecified), Toothache (unspecified), Tumor (unspecified), Venereal (unspecified), Vermifuge (unspecified), Ache(Ear) (unspecified), Narcotic (unspecified), Prolapse (unspecified), Anesthetic (unspecified), Demulcent (unspecified), Dermatosis (unspecified), Epididymitis (unspecified), Intoxication (unspecified), Pimple (unspecified), Wheeze (unspecified), Dropsy (unspecified), Edema (unspecified), Eruption (unspecified), Antispasmodic (unspecified), Acne vulgaris (unspecified), Alcoholic intoxication (unspecified), Hair loss (unspecified), Analgesics (unspecified), Anemia (unspecified), Anthelmintics (unspecified), Anticonvulsants (unspecified), Antifungal agents (unspecified), Anti-infective agents, local (unspecified), Anti-inflammatory agents (unspecified), Antineoplastic agents (unspecified), Antiparasitic agents (unspecified), Antirheumatic agents (unspecified), Antiviral agents (unspecified), Astringents (unspecified), Bites and stings (unspecified), Digestive system diseases (unspecified), Disinfectants (unspecified), Dysmenorrhea (unspecified), Dyspnea (unspecified), Dysuria (unspecified), Elephantiasis (unspecified), Emetics (unspecified), Eye diseases (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Fistula (unspecified), Gonorrhea (unspecified), Hemorrhoids (unspecified), Hypnotics and sedatives (unspecified), Leprosy (unspecified), Lice infestations (unspecified), Mastodynia (unspecified), Mental disorders (unspecified), Mumps (unspecified), Muscle cramp (unspecified), Muscle rigidity (unspecified), Mydriatics (unspecified), Narcotics (unspecified), Otitis media, suppurative (unspecified), Pain (unspecified), Parasympatholytics (unspecified), Anti-poisoning (unspecified), Pruritus (unspecified), Psychophysiologic disorders (unspecified), Renal colic (unspecified), Respiratory tract diseases (unspecified), Scabies (unspecified), Sexually transmitted diseases (unspecified), Sinusitis (unspecified), Skin diseases (unspecified), Stomach ulcer (unspecified), Ulcer (unspecified), Urination disorders (unspecified), Wounds and injuries (unspecified), Hair loss (whole plant), Anticonvulsants (whole plant), Anti-inflammatory agents (whole plant), Antineoplastic agents (whole plant), Antipyretics (whole plant), Antirheumatic agents (whole plant), Asthma (whole plant), Common cold (whole plant), Diarrhea (whole plant), Epilepsy (whole plant), Headache (whole plant), Muscle cramp (whole plant), Respiratory tract diseases (whole plant), Skin diseases (whole plant), Spasm (whole plant)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings. Seeds needs soaking.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 7 - 40
Germination temperacture (C°) 26
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Datura metel leaf picture by Alboss (cc-by-sa)
Datura metel leaf picture by Boualem Felfoul (cc-by-sa)
Datura metel leaf picture by Mohammad Faruqi (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Datura metel flower picture by Antoine Huss (cc-by-sa)
Datura metel flower picture by Udeshi Prakash (cc-by-sa)
Datura metel flower picture by Franck Prejger (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Datura metel fruit picture by Alboss (cc-by-sa)
Datura metel fruit picture by M Ezung (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Datura metel world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Benin, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, Bangladesh, Bahamas, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Barbados, Botswana, Central African Republic, Canada, China, Côte d'Ivoire, Cameroon, Cook Islands, Colombia, Cabo Verde, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Algeria, Egypt, Fiji, Micronesia (Federated States of), Ghana, Guinea, Gambia, Equatorial Guinea, French Guiana, Honduras, Croatia, Haiti, Indonesia, India, Jamaica, Kenya, Cambodia, Kiribati, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Lebanon, Libya, Sri Lanka, Morocco, Madagascar, Maldives, Mexico, Mali, Myanmar, Northern Mariana Islands, Mozambique, Mauritania, Martinique, Mauritius, Malawi, Namibia, Nigeria, Nicaragua, Niue, Nepal, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Philippines, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Puerto Rico, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Portugal, Réunion, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, Senegal, Sierra Leone, South Sudan, Sao Tome and Principe, Suriname, Seychelles, Syrian Arab Republic, Chad, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, United States of America, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Viet Nam, Yemen, South Africa, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:314739-2
WFO ID wfo-0001021339
COL ID 34B6N
BDTFX ID 21650
INPN ID 94484
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Brugmansia waymanni Datura alba Datura bojeri Datura cornucopia Datura nilhummatu Stramonium metel Datura hummatu Datura metel Stramonium fastuosum Datura cornucopia Datura alba var. africanum Datura fastuosa var. alba Datura hummatu var. rubra Datura hummatu var. fastuosa Datura hummatu var. dubia Datura metel