Delphinium elatum L.

Candle larkspur (en), Dauphinelle élevée (fr), Pied-d'alouette élevé (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Ranunculales > Ranunculaceae > Delphinium

Characteristics

Stems 40-200 cm; base green, pubescent or glabrous. Leaves cauline, 7-26 at anthesis; petiole 1-18 cm. Leaf blade round to pentagonal, 3-15 × 6-22 cm, ± puberulent; ultimate lobes 3-9, width 8-30 mm. Inflorescences 25-100(-more)-flowered; pedicel 1-3(-5) cm, glabrous to pubescent; bracteoles 2-5(-9) mm from flowers, green, linear, 5-9 mm, ± puberulent. Flowers: sepals blue, white, or purple, ± puberulent, lateral sepals spreading, 12-23 × 4-12 mm, spurs straight, ascending ca. 45° above horizontal, 15-22 mm; lower petal blades elevated, exposing stamens, 3-5 mm, clefts 0.2-1 mm; hairs sparse or dense, mostly near center of blade, yellow or white. Fruits 13-20 mm, 3.5-4.5 times longer than wide, ± puberulent. Seeds winged; seed coats ± with small wavy ridges, cells elongate, surface roughened.
More
A tall, stout, European sp. with a long, dense infl, is widely cult. and locally adventive. It has pubescent stems, scarcely cleft lower pet, and cellular-reticulate seeds.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread epizoochory
Mature width (meter) 0.5 - 1.0
Mature height (meter) 1.0 - 1.25
Root system fibrous-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Temperate areas from 3000-3600 metres. Grassy slopes at elevations of 1900-2100 metres in Tibet..
Light 6-8
Soil humidity 3-6
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 3-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 3-6

Usage

Uses environmental use gene source insecticide medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use Astringents (flower), Eye diseases (flower), Exanthema (seed), Insecticides (seed), Pruritus (seed), Aperient (unspecified), Emetic (unspecified), Eye (unspecified), Insecticide (unspecified), Skin (unspecified), Vermifuge (unspecified), Itch (unspecified), Diuretic (unspecified), Anthelmintics (unspecified), Diuretics (unspecified), Emetics (unspecified), Laxatives (unspecified)
Human toxicity very strong toxic (whole)
Animal toxicity very strong toxic (whole)

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings, divisions or seedlings. Seeds needs stratification.
Mode cuttings divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) 11 - 21
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 23
Germination luminosity dark
Germination treatment stratification
Minimum temperature (C°) -40
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Delphinium elatum habit picture by Андрей Кураков (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Delphinium elatum leaf picture by Eva Set (cc-by-sa)
Delphinium elatum leaf picture by Krampl Tomáš (cc-by-sa)
Delphinium elatum leaf picture by min (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Delphinium elatum flower picture by Eva Set (cc-by-sa)
Delphinium elatum flower picture by Eva Set (cc-by-sa)
Delphinium elatum flower picture by Krampl Tomáš (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Delphinium elatum fruit picture by Florence Bihet (cc-by-sa)
Delphinium elatum fruit picture by 22Ben Combes (cc-by-sa)
Delphinium elatum fruit picture by Bruno Vanstaevel (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Delphinium elatum world distribution map, present in Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Brazil, Canada, France, United States of America, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:710585-1
WFO ID wfo-0000640017
COL ID 34J8G
BDTFX ID 21807
INPN ID 94579
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Delphinium elatum f. productum Delphinium elatum f. parviflorum Delphinium elatum f. grandiflorum Delphinastrum elatum Delphinastrum urceolatum Delphinium clusianum Delphinium cryophilum Delphinium elatum Delphinium gratum Delphinium hirsutum Delphinium kioviense Delphinium speciosum Delphinium alopecuroides Delphinastrum hybridum Delphinium atropurpureum Delphinium x belladonna Delphinium mixtum Delphinium tauricum Delphinium tiroliense Delphinium urceolatum Delphinium macrotepalum Delphinium intermedium Delphinium davuricum Delphinium hispidum Delphinium hybridum Delphinium palmatifidum Delphinium alpinum var. hebecarpum Delphinium elatum var. bosniacum Delphinium elatum subsp. bosniacum Delphinium elatum subsp. cryophilum Delphinium elatum subsp. macrotepalum Delphinium elatum var. pubicaule Delphinium elatum subsp. pubicaule Delphinium elatum subsp. tiroliense Delphinium elisabethae var. eglandulosum Delphinium elatum var. belladonna Delphinium elatum var. giganteum Delphinium elatum var. gracile Delphinium elatum var. alpinum Delphinium elatum var. grandifolium Delphinium elatum var. glabrum

Lower taxons

Delphinium elatum subsp. helveticum Delphinium elatum subsp. nacladense Delphinium elatum subsp. polatschekii Delphinium elatum var. sericeum