Desmodium salicifolium (Poir.) Dc.

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Desmodium

Characteristics

Woody perennial herb or subshrub or shrub with flexuous stem erect to 2.6 m., or creeping with ascending to erect inflorescences; stem reddish to pale brown, terete (below) to angular, striate, glabrous near base, minutely uncinulate-puberulent and soft spreading pilose with slender tapering hairs above.. Leaves 3-foliolate; stipules lanceolate-ovate to-attenuate, 5–15 mm. long, 2.5–5 mm. wide, striate and puberulent on outer surface, becoming reflexed, deciduous; petioles scarcely to densely uncinulate-puberulent and pilose, the leaf-rhachides usually more densely so than the petioles; leaflets lanceolate or lanceolate-ovate to nearly elliptic, narrowly obovate, or broadly ovate, obtuse to acute or acuminate and mucronulate at apex, obtuse at base, the lateral similar but slightly oblique, essentially glabrous above except along midrib, softly pilose along veins or throughout beneath, the terminal ones 6–17.5 cm. long, 2–6.5 cm. wide, the lateral slightly smaller.. Inflorescences racemose-paniculate, the racemes lax to very dense; rhachides angular, lineate, reddish to tawny, uncinulate-puberulent to-pubescent with long tapering hairs sparsely or abundantly intermixed; primary bracts each subtending 2 pedicels, ovate-or lanceolate-attenuate, 3–10 mm. long, 0.7–2 mm. wide, essentially glabrous to minutely puberulent on outer surface; secondary bracts each subtending 1 pedicel (± laterally), smaller, similar or scale-like; pedicels uncinulate-puberulent with (or without) long tapering hairs intermixed, becoming reflexed after anthesis, 2.5–6 mm. long.. Flowers (said to be inconspicuous) ranging in colour from yellow or pinkish green to vermilion, or cream or white with blue or mauve keel.. Calyx finely puberulent and abundantly long-pilose throughout, the lobes subequal in length, 3.5–4 mm. long.. Standard almost orbicular, retuse at apex, 4–7 mm. long; wings oblong, obtuse at apex, slightly auricled, shortly clawed, 3–6 mm. long, 1.5–2.5 mm. wide; keel-petals equalling standard in length, 1–2 mm. wide.. Fruit sessile to shortly stipitate (stipe up to 2.5 mm. long), 2–7-articled, upper suture straight, the lower slightly indented at the isthmi which are 2.5–3 mm. wide; articles minutely uncinulate-puberulent with short fine pilosity intermixed on both surfaces and sutures, 3.5–6.5 mm. long, 2–3.5 mm. wide.. Seed ± oblong, brown, 2.3–3.3 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide.. Fig. 65/1, p. 453.
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Leaves 3-foliolate; leaflets 3–17.5 × 1–6.5 cm, oblong-elliptic to ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, rounded to acute and mucronulate at the apex, rounded or slightly subcordate at the base, glabrous on upper surface except for the midrib, appressed-hairy on the main venation beneath and with sparse to dense shorter hairs between; petiole 0.7–6 cm long, sometimes rather thick and channelled; rhachis 0.6–2 cm long; petiolules 2.5–5 mm long; stipules 7–18 × 2.5–5 mm, ovate-lanceolate, striate, ciliate, persistent.
Inflorescences terminal, mostly dense, 9–30 cm long, finely puberulous and with uncinulate pubescence; peduncle 10–25 mm long; pedicels 2.5–4.5 mm long, puberulous; primary bracts each subtending 2 pedicels, 3–9 × 0.7–2.5 mm, lanceolate, striate, pubescent and ciliate, deciduous; secondary bracts very small.
Fruits 3–4.5 cm long, of 3–7 articles, each article 4.5–8.5 × 2.5–3.5 mm, oblong, distinctly thickened particularly at the margins, finely puberulous and with longer pubescence, with raised reticulation of veins when mature, only slightly constricted, the necks being only slightly narrower than the articles.
Standard pinkish-purple becoming blue, or white, yellow or greenish-yellow, 6.5 × 5 mm, obovate; wings pink, purple or yellow-green, mauve at apex, keel pink or yellowish-green.
Calyx puberulous and with some longer hairs; tube 1 mm long; lobes 1.5–2 mm long, triangular, the upper pair joined to form an entire ovate lip.
Stems striate or wrinkled, pilose with slightly spreading or appressed hairs together with some very short pubescence.
Seeds chestnut-brown, yellow-brown or purple-brown, 2.3–4 × 1.5–2 × 0.7 mm, ellipsoid-oblong; the hilum ± central.
Red or yellowish flowers in slender more or less panicled spike-like racemes.
An erect somewhat woody subshrub 0.9–3.6 m tall.
A half-woody, erect undershrub, 3–4 ft. high
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.9 - 1.3
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer rhizobia
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Light 7-9
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses animal food environmental use medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 30 - 90
Germination temperacture (C°) 23 - 26
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Desmodium salicifolium world distribution map, present in Angola, Botswana, Central African Republic, Côte d'Ivoire, Cameroon, Comoros, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Equatorial Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Mali, Mozambique, Mauritius, Malawi, Namibia, Nigeria, Réunion, Rwanda, Sudan, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Chad, Togo, Thailand, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492103-1
WFO ID wfo-0000177408
COL ID 6CNW8
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 706181
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Desmodium salicifolium Hedysarum salicifolium Desmodium oxybracteum Desmodium paleaceum Phyllodium grande Desmodium juanense Desmodium lateristachys Meibomia oxybractea Desmodium grande Meibomia grandis Meibomia paleacea Desmodium salicifolium var. salicifolium Hedysarum madagascariense var. lanceolata