Desmodium velutinum (Willd.) Dc.

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Desmodium

Characteristics

Upright woody perennial herb, subshrub, or shrub, up to 3 m. tall; stem simple or somewhat branched, reddish, lineate, densely uncinulate-pubescent.. Leaves 1-foliolate (rarely 3-foliolate), occasionally opposite; stipules stramineous, rather long persistent, ovate-long-attenuate, lobed at base, soon narrowed to a slender caudate tip, 2.2–8.5 mm. long, 1–4 mm. wide at base, pilose on the outer surface, becoming ± glabrous, ciliate; petiole sulcate, usually linear, densely strigose to glabrescent, 0.3–2.2 cm. long; leaflet light green to blue-green or darker above, paler beneath and with prominent pallid veins, suborbicular to elliptic to rhombic-ovate, 3–9.4 cm. long, 2–7 cm. wide, entire or repand (indented at the termination of the lateral veins) and ciliate, thick, mostly soft velvety on both surfaces with long stiff golden, reddish or white hairs slightly hooked at apex and intermixed with straight tapering ones.. Inflorescences axillary and terminal densely flowered racemes to 1 dm. or more long, at least the terminal ones often paniculately branched; rhachis striate, densely long uncinulate-pubescent with straight hairs intermixed; primary bracts each subtending 3–5 pedicels, stramineous, lanceolate-to ovate-attenuate, 1.5–4 mm. long, 0.5–1 mm. wide, somewhat pilose and uncinulate-puberulent on the outer surface, ± persistent; secondary bracts similar, slightly smaller and almost linear; pedicels abundantly uncinulate-pubescent with straight hairs intermixed, 1–3 mm. long; occasionally small bracteoles present on the pedicels.. Flowers white to pink, to blue, mauve or brilliant purple, usually appearing whitish or pale when dry.. Calyx rather densely strigose, central tooth of lower lobe attenuate, 3 mm. long, the lateral teeth slightly shorter; upper bifid lobe almost rounded to acute, notched at centre, 2 mm. long.. Corolla ± twice the length of calyx; standard suborbicular, retuse at apex, gradually narrowed to the cuneate base, 4.2–6 mm. long, 3.5–6 mm. wide; wings ± oblong, obtuse, shortly clawed, 4–5.5 mm. long, 1–2.4 mm. wide; keel-petals remotely scythe-shaped, slenderly clawed, equalling or exceeding calyx in length, 1–2 mm. wide.. Fruit sessile to shortly stipitate (stipe to 1.5 mm. long), with style usually persistent, 2–6(–7)-articled, upper suture essentially straight to slightly curved and somewhat indented at the isthmi, lower suture ± rounded, indented at isthmi (between the articles), surfaces and sutures uncinulate-pubescent throughout with straight tapering hairs intermixed; articles subrectangular, 2.5–4 mm. long and wide.. Seed orbicular to reniform, reddish to almost black, 1.5–2.5 mm. long, 1.5–2 mm. wide.. Fig. 65/7, p. 453.
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Subshrub or woody herb, 0.5-3 m tall. Stems densely covered with short spreading pale ferruginous hairs when young, purplish-brown and glabrescent beneath. Leaves 1-foliolate; leaflet 2.5-19 x 1.1-13 cm, ovate, oblong-ovate or almost round, bluntly acute to very rounded at the apex, broadly cuneate, truncate or subcordate at the base, densely rather roughly appressed pubescent above, velvety beneath; petiole 2-22 mm long; petiolule 1.5-3.5 mm long; stipules linear from a broad base, 5-8 x 0.5-3 mm above, 2-3.5 mm wide at the base. Inflorescences pseudoracemose, terminal and axillary, 2-30 cm long, densely covered with uncinulate hairs; peduncles short, 5-25 mm long; pedicels 1.5-3 mm long; primary bracts 1.5-4 x 0.5-1 mm, lanceolate, each supporting 3-5 flowers; secondary bracts 1-1.5 mm long, linear, persistent. Calyx spreading-hairy; tube 1 mm long; lobes 0.7-1.5 mm long. Standard violet, lilac, red or blue, 4-5 x 4-5 mm, obovate; wings and keel darker mauve. Fruits 12-24 mm long, of 2-7 articles; each article 2.5-4 x 2.5-3.5 mm, densely covered with hooked hairs, joined by necks 1.5-2 mm wide. Seeds brown, 2.5 x 1.8 x 0.9 mm, ellipsoid-reniform; hilum small, central.
Shrubs or subshrubs, to 150 cm tall. Young branches densely yellow-brown velutinous and shortly hooked hairy. Leaves 1-foliolate, rarely intermixed with 3-foliolate leaves; petiole 1.5-1.8 cm, densely yellow velutinous; blade ovate, ovate-lanceolate, triangular-ovate, or broadly ovate, 4-17 × 2.5-11.5 cm, both surfaces yellow velutinous, indumentum denser and longer abaxially. Inflorescences terminal and axillary, race­mose or paniculate, 4-10 cm, terminal ones often broadly pa­niculate, to 20 cm, 2-5-flowered at each node; bracts subulate or lanceolate, 2.5-12 × 0.3-0.7 mm. Pedicel ca. 1.5 mm. Calyx 2-3 mm, 4-lobed. Corolla purple or pink, 3-5 mm; standard obovate-orbicular; wings narrowly elliptic, auriculate; keel nar­row, not auriculate. Legume narrowly oblong, 1-2 cm × 2-3 mm, lower suture incised between seeds, upper suture nearly straight, with dense yellow straight hairs intermixed with short hooked hairs, 5-7-jointed. Fl. and fr. Aug-Nov. 2n = 22.
A woody shrub. It grows from 0.5-2 m high. The stems are densely covered with pale hairs when young. The leaves normally have one leaflet but occasionally 3. The leaflet is 2.5-19 cm long by 1.1-13 cm wide. It is bluntly rounded at the tip. There a hairs which are more rough on top and velvety underneath. The flowers are 5 mm long in clusters either at the ends of branches or in the axils of leaves. These flower clusters are 2-30 cm long. They are covered with hooked hairs. The flowers are mauve, red or blue. The fruit are pods 1.2-2.4 cm long and with 2-7 segments.
Leaves 1-foliolate; leaflet 2.5–19 × 1.1–13 cm, ovate, oblong-ovate or almost round, bluntly acute to very rounded at the apex, broadly cuneate, truncate or subcordate at the base, densely rather roughly appressed pubescent above, velvety beneath; petiole 2–22 mm long; petiolule 1.5–3.5 mm long; stipules linear from a broad base, 5–8 × 0.5–3 mm above, 2–3.5 mm wide at the base.
Inflorescences pseudoracemose, terminal and axillary, 2–30 cm long, densely covered with uncinulate hairs; peduncles short, 5–25 mm long; pedicels 1.5–3 mm long; primary bracts 1.5–4 × 0.5–1 mm, lanceolate, each supporting 3–5 flowers; secondary bracts 1–1.5 mm long, linear, persistent.
Fruits 12–24 mm long, of 2–7 articles; each article 2.5–4 × 2.5–3.5 mm, densely covered with hooked hairs, joined by necks 1.5–2 mm wide.
Stems densely covered with short spreading pale ferruginous hairs when young, purplish-brown and glabrescent beneath.
Standard violet, lilac, red or blue, 4–5 × 4–5 mm, obovate; wings and keel darker mauve.
Seeds brown, 2.5 × 1.8 × 0.9 mm, ellipsoid-reniform; hilum small, central.
Calyx spreading-hairy; tube 1 mm long; lobes 0.7–1.5 mm long.
A half-woody, erect, rather hairy undershrub, 3–6 ft. high
Fruit-segments which adhere like burrs.
Subshrub or woody herb, 0.5–3 m tall.
Small pink or purplish flowers
Life form perennial
Growth form
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.21 - 2.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 1.5
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer rhizobia
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A tropical plant. It tends to grow in grassland and drier areas. In Papua New Guinea is occurs from 2 m to 600 m altitude. In Zimbabwe it grows between 100-1,320 m above sea level.
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Sunny grassy slopes, streamsides, thickets, mixed forests at elevations of 100-1,400 metres.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses animal food environmental use experimental purposes fetish fodder food forage medicinal social use
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use Poison (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings. Seeds needs soaking.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 90
Germination temperacture (C°) 23 - 26
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 20 - 26
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Desmodium velutinum unspecified picture

Distribution

Desmodium velutinum world distribution map, present in Angola, Burundi, Benin, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, Burkina Faso, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Central African Republic, China, Côte d'Ivoire, Cameroon, Congo, Comoros, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Indonesia, India, Kenya, Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Liberia, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Mali, Myanmar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Malaysia, Niger, Nigeria, Nepal, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Rwanda, Sudan, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Chad, Togo, Thailand, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Viet Nam, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492236-1
WFO ID wfo-0000177537
COL ID 353KR
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 629546
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Desmodium lasiocarpum Hedysarum velutinum Hedysarum deltoides Desmodium latifolium Anarthrosyne cordata Hedysarum lasiocarpum Hedysarum latifolium Meibomia velutina Desmodium velutinum Desmodium deltoideum Desmodium roxburghii Hedysarum deltoideum Desmodium plukenetii Desmodium virgatum Desmodium sikkimense Hedysarum deltoideum Meibomia lasiocarpa Pseudarthria cordata Pseudarthria cordata Desmodium velutinum subsp. velutinum Desmodium latifolium var. plukenetii Desmodium velutinum var. velutinum Hedysarum latifolium Desmodium velutinum var. roxburghii Desmodium velutinum var. plukenetii Desmodium velutinum var. lasiocarpum

Lower taxons

Desmodium velutinum subsp. longibracteatum