Dialium guianense (Aubl.) Sandwith

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Dialium

Characteristics

Tall tree, with glabrous or puberulent branchlets. Leaves mostly 5-to 7-foliolate, caducous-stipulate, short-petiolate; rachis about 5-8 cm. long, often puberulent; leaflets ovate to elliptic-lanceolate, apically attenuate, basally rounded to cuneate, 3-12 cm. long, 1.5-4 cm. wide, glabrous, conspicuously reticulate, alternate or subopposite; petiolules about 3 mm. long, flattened or sulcate above, somewhat callous. Inflorescence an extended, branching panicle, terminal or sub-terminal, puberulent to glabrous; bracts caducous; pedicels very short. Flowers small, inconspicuous, apetalous; calyx pubescent without, densely so in bud, the receptacular portion short and stocky, the 5 lobes expanded, imbricate, obtuse, up to 3 mm. long; petals lacking; stamens 2, short; anthers bilocular, erect and basi-fixed, dehiscing by slits from the apex, the connective conspicuous; ovary sessile or subsessile, pubescent, 2-ovulate; style short, with a small terminal stigma. Legume subglobose to ellipsoid, up to 2.5 cm. long, very short-stipitate, with a fragile exocarp and somewhat fleshy endocarp.
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A large tree. It grows 15-30 m high. The crown is a pyramid shape. It has large prop roots. The trunk is upright and 50-90 cm across. The bark is thin and scaly. The leaves are compound. There are 5-7 leaflets. The flowers are small and green. They are in groups at the ends of branches. The fruit is a fleshy pod. It has only one hard seed. The white aril or layer around the seeds is edible.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 20.0 - 27.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Dense, wet mixed forest at elevations up to 350 metres. Dense evergreen forests on well-drained clay soils, at the edge of virgin forests or in secondary formations on sandy soils.
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A tropical plant. It grows in Brazil in the Amazon. It grows in rainforest and in mountain savanna forest on granite. In Central America it grows between 50-600 m altitude.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The aril or fleshy layer around the seed is eaten dried or soaked in water.
Uses eating food material medicinal timber wood
Edible arils fruits pods seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

The plants are grown from seed. The ripe fruit are harvested and the seeds removed. Fresh seed are planted. They germinate in 15-20 days. Seedlings are transplanted into the field when 30-40 cm high.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Dialium guianense habit picture by SINAC Pérez Greivin (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Dialium guianense leaf picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)
Dialium guianense leaf picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)
Dialium guianense leaf picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)

Fruit

Dialium guianense fruit picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)
Dialium guianense fruit picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)
Dialium guianense fruit picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)

Distribution

Dialium guianense world distribution map, present in American Samoa, Belize, Brazil, Guatemala, French Guiana, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, and Suriname

Conservation status

Dialium guianense threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:78900-2
WFO ID wfo-0000170401
COL ID 358Z9
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 733638
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Arouna guianensis Arouna divaricatum Arouna divaricata Dialium divaricatum Dialium guianense