Dialium holtzii Harms

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Dialium

Characteristics

Tree up to 12–25 m. high.. Bark smooth, grey or creamy-grey-brown.. Young branchlets puberulous to glabrous.. Leaves: petiole and rhachis together (5–)7.5–18 cm. long; leaflets (9–)11–15, oblong-lanceolate, with the lowest ones of the leaf ± ovate and the terminal one ± elliptic, (1.3–)2.3–7(–8.7) cm. long, (1–)1.5–2.8(–3.5) cm. wide, papery to subcoriaceous, obtusely acuminate or subacuminate, rounded or broadly cuneate at base, sparsely and inconspicuously pubescent to glabrous; venation ± raised and reticulate on both surfaces.. Flowers white, cream or yellow, in panicles up to 30 × 15 cm. or more; pedicels 0.75–1 mm. long, grey-puberulous.. Sepals grey-puberulous outside, 2.5 mm. long.. Petals 0.. Stamens 2; filaments 1.5–2.3 mm. long.. Pods brown, similar to those of D. orientale.. Seeds suborbicular, 7.5–8 mm. long, 7 mm. wide, brown.
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Leaves: petiole and rachis together 7–18 cm long, usually puberulous; leaflets (9)11–15, alternate or the lower ones ± opposite, (2)2.5–5.5(7) × (1)2–3(3.5) cm or the terminal one somewhat larger, the lower ones ± broadly ovate and rounded at the base, the upper ones elliptic and cuneate at the base, all weakly to strongly asymmetric at the base and with an obtusely acuminate apex, glabrous or rarely minutely puberulous beneath; petiolule 2.5–4 mm long, puberulous.
A tree. It grows 20 m tall. The crown has a medium spread. The trunk is straight and it has small buttresses. The bark is grey-brown and smooth. The leaves are compound with an odd number of leaflets. There are 11-15 leaflets. The leaf blade is 3-7 cm long by 2-3 cm wide. The flowers are cream. The fruit are dark brown. They have a brittle outer coat. The pulp is red. There are 1 or 2 round brown seeds.
Buds and sepals up to 2.5 mm long, densely covered in fine, closely appressed, grey hairs outside; sepals white or cream inside (sometimes described as yellow in Tanzania).
Seeds 1 or 2, brown, shiny, 6–8 × 6–7 × 4 mm and lenticular when only one developing, 7–9 × 4–6 × 3 mm and elongate with a ± triangular cross-section when 2 per fruit.
Fruits 1.2–2 cm long, 1–1.5 cm diameter, spherical or usually slightly smoothly rounded at apex with style base not showing, elongate, densely dark brown-puberulous.
Flowers up to 5 mm across, in panicles up to 30 × 15 cm; inflorescence axes appressed pubescent; pedicels c.1 mm.
Stamens 2, both on same side of flower; anthers 1.3–1.8 mm long; filaments 1.5–2.3 mm long.
Ovary c.1 mm long, brown tomentose; style c.2 mm, brown hairy in lower part.
Tree up to 7–20(25) m high; bark smooth, grey or grey-brown.
Young branches ± glabrous.
Petals 0 (rarely 1).
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 20.0
Root system -
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Flower color
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Lowland evergreen dry forest, riverine and swamp forest, rarely in lowland rainforest, also in woodlands at elevations from sea level to 500 metres.
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It is a tropical plant. It grows along rivers and in dry lowland forests. In Tanzania it grows from sea level to 500 m above sea level.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The pulp of the fruit is used for porridge. The white pulp of the fruit is eaten like chewing gum. The seeds are discarded. The ripe fruit are peeled and soaked in warm water then squeezed and sugar added then filtered to make a drink.
Uses charcoal gum wood
Edible fruits pods seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
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Optimum temperature (C°) -
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Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Dialium holtzii world distribution map, present in Kenya, Mozambique, and Tanzania, United Republic of

Conservation status

Dialium holtzii threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:492319-1
WFO ID wfo-0000166711
COL ID 358ZD
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Dialium holtzii Dialium mossambicense