Dicoma anomala Sond.

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Asteraceae > Dicoma

Characteristics

Perennial woody herb, 15–65 cm tall, semi-prostrate or erect, tufted; rootstock woody, tuberous; stems decumbent or ascending, ridged, white-tomentose, glabrescent, ± purplish-tinged.. Leaves lanceolate or linear, 3–9 cm long, 0.2–1.1 cm wide, cuneate or attenuate into a short petioloid base, minutely serrulate, acute to obtuse, apiculate, discolorous, deep dull green, gland-dotted and glabrous above, silvery-white tomentose beneath except for glabrescent midrib.. Capitula solitary or in corymbiform cymes, terminal, erect, sessile, surrounded by a cluster of leaves, discoid; involucre ovoid, campanulate or broadly so, at first thinly floccose and ± glabrescent, 15–30 mm long; phyllaries ± 80–270, 4–5-seriate, lanceolate, long-attenuate, with shortly pectinate-ciliate margins, pungent, pale green or pale grey with dull purple submarginal lines and paler margins, the outer shorter, ± spreading or recurving, the inner longer, often more erect, the longest 12–22 mm long.. Florets ± 10–60, all tubular, hermaphrodite; corolla white, pale mauve or pale pink, 6–12 mm long, lobes narrow, 3.5–6 mm long; anthers pale mauve with darker connective, with fringed tails; styles long-exserted, pale mauve, stigmas white.. Achenes turbinate, brown, 2–4 mm long, strongly 10-ribbed, with dense long white ascending apically bifid hairs at the base and between the ribs; pappus of numerous unequal white barbellate bristles, the inner distinctly broadened towards the base, 7–12 mm long.
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Araneose. Leaves discolorous, sessile, linear-elliptic, sometimes linear and wide, or narrowly elliptic, base broadly cuneate, apex acute, gland-pitted and glabrous on upper surface or evanescent finely araneose, densely greyish araneose-lanate beneath. Capitula solitary and terminal on stem and branches; involucres broadly obconic-campanulate, truncate-concave at base; involucral bracts narrow, often squarrose. Florets yellowish to purplish or white, linear. Flowering time Feb., Mar.? Pappus of many barbellate bristles. Cypselae compressed-turbinate, obscurely 10-ribbed, densely strigose-hispid, glandular-viscid.
Leaves discolorous, subsessile or with the midrib petiole-like in the lower c. 10 mm.; mostly 25–110 x c. 6 mm. and linear-elliptic, sometimes linear and c. 2 mm. wide, or 20–60 x 6–15 mm. and narrowly elliptic; acute at the apex, tapering into a narrowly winged midrib or broadly cuneate at the base, sharply callose-tipped serrulate, gland-pitted and glabrous on the upper surface or evanescent finely araneose, densely greyish araneose-lanate beneath, midrib prominent and puberulous beneath or glabrescent, often with 2 distinct lateral veins from the base.
Phyllaries 90–200 in many series, increasing from c. 2 mm. long outside to c. 30 mm. long inside, exceeding the pappus, narrowly triangular-subulate or stiffly subulate, straight, or outer ones ± curved, minutely sharply serrulate on the margins, lamina with narrow dark-green or purplish grooves on either side of a broad midrib, finely araneose-lanate or glabrescent.
Prostrate perennial herb. Leaves linear-elliptic to narrowly elliptic, margin entire to serrulate, lower surface white-felted. Heads homogamous, discoid, 15-30 mm long, broadly campanulate, solitary or subcorymbosely arranged at branch tips. Inner involucral bracts with subulate apices, exceeding pappus. Pappus setae barbellate. Flowers purple or whitish.
A spreading herb. It lies along the ground. The aerial stems arise from woody underground stems. The aerial stems are 5-60 cm long. And the underground stems with tubers are 2-18 cm long. The leaves are 3-11 cm long and 6 mm wide. They are long and narrow. The flower heads are like thistles. There are 20-90 purple-mauve florets. This plant varies a lot.
Achenes to c. 2 mm. long, ± compressed-turbinate, obscurely c. 10-ribbed, densely strigose-hispid, glandular-viscid; pappus copious, many-seriate, setae 7–12 mm. long, finely barbellate, the outer slender, the innermost very narrowly scarious-winged in the lower part.
Stems annual, few to many, radiating-decumbent, 5–60 cm. long, wiry and flexuous or more stiffly robust, simple or branched, uniformly leafy, closely densely araneose.
Branches when present few to many at the stem apex, or throughout the length of the stem, decumbent leafy short and stiff, or to c. 15 cm. long and flexuous.
Involucres mostly 18–30 x (15)20–35 mm., spreading to c. 60 mm. in diam., very broadly obconic-campanulate, truncate-concave at the base.
Florets 20–90+, corollas purplish-mauve or white, 8–12 mm. long, infundibuliform; lobes erect, linear, glandular without near the apex.
Aerial stems arise singly from woody, subterranean stems 2–18 cm. long, borne apically on aromatic turbinate semi-woody tubers.
Capitula from 1–30 per stem, solitary and terminal on stem and branches, sessile in a rosette of2-many subtending leaves.
Decumbent spreading perennial herbs.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.15 - 0.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Miombo woodland, wooded grassland and submontane grasslands, on rocky hillsides or grassy plains in doleritic or sandy soils. Stony grasslands, hillsides or flat grassland and in savannah, on doleritic or sandy soils.
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It is a tropical plant. It grows in woodland, grassland and rocky hillsides. It can be on sandy or dolerite soils. It grows between 150-2,300 m above sea level. It can grow in arid places.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 5-8
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) -

Usage

The leaves are used as a tea substitute.
Uses food medicinal social use tea
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use Anthelminthic (unspecified), Cold (unspecified), Colic (unspecified), Diarrhea (unspecified), Dysmenorrhea (unspecified), Gall (unspecified), Gall(Veterinary) (unspecified), Stomach (unspecified), Toothache (unspecified), Unguent (unspecified), Wound (unspecified), Dysentery (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Dicoma anomala unspecified picture

Distribution

Dicoma anomala world distribution map, present in South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201313-1
WFO ID wfo-0000044768
COL ID 35QG9
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Dicoma anomala f. karaguensis Dicoma anomala f. anomala Dicoma anomala var. anomala Dicoma anomala var. leptothrix Dicoma anomala var. cirsioides Dicoma anomala var. latifolia Dicoma anomala var. megacephala Dicoma anomala var. karaguensis Dicoma anomala var. microphylla Dicoma anomala var. sonderi Dicoma anomala

Lower taxons

Dicoma anomala subsp. anomala Dicoma anomala subsp. gerrardii Dicoma anomala subsp. attenuata