Dicoma macrocephala Dc.

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Asteraceae > Dicoma

Characteristics

Perennial herb, up to 150 mm long; procumbent. Leaves alternate, sessile or subsessile; blade elliptic or narrowly oblong-ovate, 65 x 15 mm, apex acute, base cuneate, margins subentire, upper surface thinly cobwebby at first, later glabrous, lower surface white-felted, discolorous. Heads disciform, 40 x 20 mm, solitary, in terminal leaf axils, sessile. Involucral bracts narrowly ovate; outer bracts with subulate tip, squarrose; inner bracts erect, pungent, purplish, shiny. Flowers: outer female florets filiform; disc florets distinctly shorter than pappus, whitish or purplish; Nov.-May. Fruit with cypsela narrowly turbinate, 10-ribbed, densely hairy. Pappus of 2 kinds, outer of barbellate bristles, inner scale-like, base broad, membranous with undulate margins, upper part ciliolate.
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Perennial herb, up to 0.2 m high; procumbent; from a woody taproot; stems several. Leaves subspathulate-oblanceolate, elliptic in upper half and narrowing, base narrowly semi-amplexicaul, acute at apex, margins obscured subserrate, uniformly silvery-grey thinly appressed-lanate on upper surface, more densely so beneath. Capitula few-many, solitary and terminal on branches or short-shoots, subsessile, usually axillary, subtended by several leaves and leaf-like bracts; involucre campanulate; involucral bracts many, stiffly chartaceous to subcoriacous with narrow membranous margins. Florets purplish. Flowering time Dec., Jan.? Pappus several-seriate of many barbellate setae. Cypselae turbinate, strongly 10-ribbed.
Inner floret corollas whitish-mauve, c. 6 mm. long, narrowly tubular; achenes c. 4 mm. long, narrowly turbinate and somewhat compressed, with c. 10 pronounced ± wing-like ribs, uniformly densely setose-strigose between the ribs, basal hairs shorter more numerous and ± spreading; pappus 2-seriate, outer of 15–20 slender subplumose-ciliolate setae to c. 12 mm. long, inner of c. 10 more robust very narrowly scale-like setae to c. 15 mm. long and broadly membranous undulate-winged towards the base, subplumose ciliolate above.
Erect or decumbent perennial herb, up to 150 mm tall. Leaves elliptic, apex acute, margins entire, upper surface cobwebby at first, later glabrous, lower white-felted. Heads heterogamous, disciform, solitary, terminal, sessile. Involucral bracts narrowly lanceolate, with subsquarrose bristle tip, purplish, shiny. Pappus setae barbellate. Flowers purplish.
Leaves mostly 2.5–6.5 x 0.4–1.5 cm., elliptic, acute mucronate at the apex, narrowing to a short winged midrib below, margins thickened subserrate with ± obscured callose teeth; upper surface thinly whitish araneose later glabrescent, lower surface densely greyish-white lanate.
Phyllaries numerous, stiffly chartaceous; the outer from c. 6 mm. long, tapering-subulate, often squarrose, araneose soon glabrescent, sharply ciliolate on the margins; the inner to c. 32(35) x 3(4) mm., lorate-lanceolate, tapering acute and pungent.
Outer floret corollas rudimentary, c. 6 mm. long, filiform; ovary rudimentary, long lanate-setose from the base; pappus of numerous barbellate setae to c. 25 mm. long, ± equalling the involucre.
Stems annual, many from the root crown, slender, erect ascending or decumbent, up to c. 15 cm. long, branched, leafy, greyish lanate.
Capitula 1-several, solitary and terminal on branches or short shoots, subsessile, axillary, subtended by several leaves.
Involucres mostly 23–33 x 7–15 mm., spreading to c. 25 mm. wide, narrowly campanulate.
A low spreading perennial herb to c. 10 cm. tall, from a woody taproot.
Receptacle shallowly alveolate.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.15
Root system tap-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity 1-3
Soil texture 7-8
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Dicoma macrocephala world distribution map, present in Botswana, Namibia, South Africa, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201343-1
WFO ID wfo-0000116797
COL ID 35QHF
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Dicoma macrocephala