Dictamnus albus L.

Gasplant (en), Fraxinelle (fr), Dictame blanc (fr), Fraxinelle blanche (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Sapindales > Rutaceae > Dictamnus

Characteristics

A perennial plant. It has a woody base. It grows 45-90 cm high and 45-60 cm wide. It forms clumps. The leaves are divided and dark green. They are made up of 6 pairs of leaflets. When crushed they have a lemon smell. The flowers are white and on long stalks. The flowers can also be pink. The fruit is a star shaped seed pod. There are some named cultivated varieties. The plant varies in the shape, size and number of leaflets.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) 0.1 - 0.5
Mature height (meter) 0.5 - 1.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It is frost hardy. It grows on dry stony ground. It does better on alkaline soil. It does best in a sunny location. It needs a moist, humus-rich soil. In Pakistan it grows between 2,300-3,500 m altitude. It suits hardiness zones 3-10.
More
Woodland margins and rocky scree, mainly on calcareous soils.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 1-5
Soil texture 3-5
Soil acidity 3-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-8

Usage

CAUTION: The roots contain toxic alkaloids. It is used in medicine. The dried leaves are used to make a tea like drink. The roots are used for flavouring and occasionally as bitters in alcoholic drinks. The flowering aerial parts are used for making liqueur.
Uses environmental use essential oil medicinal poison tea
Edible flowers leaves roots
Therapeutic use Amenorrhea (root), Fever (root), Hysteria (root), Nervous system diseases (root), Skin diseases (root), Abortifacient (unspecified), Amenorrhea (unspecified), Diuretic (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Impetigo (unspecified), Malaria (unspecified), Nervine (unspecified), Pectoral (unspecified), Puerperium (unspecified), Sedative (unspecified), Sudorific (unspecified), Tonic (unspecified), Antiseptic (unspecified), Eczema (unspecified), Carcinoma (unspecified), Emmenagogue (unspecified), Nerves (unspecified), Scabies (unspecified), Spasm (unspecified), Stomachic (unspecified), Vermifuge (unspecified), Anthelmintics (unspecified), Parasympatholytics (unspecified), Skin diseases (unspecified)
Human toxicity weak toxic (whole)
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

The plant can be grown from seed. It can also be grown by division of the bush.
Mode cuttings divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 180
Germination temperacture (C°) 17 - 19
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -18
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Dictamnus albus habit picture by jack (cc-by-sa)
Dictamnus albus habit picture by kai_sa (cc-by-sa)
Dictamnus albus habit picture by Stefana Popova (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Dictamnus albus leaf picture by Attila Takács (cc-by-sa)
Dictamnus albus leaf picture by Manuëlle (cc-by-sa)
Dictamnus albus leaf picture by Rohweder Karsten (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Dictamnus albus flower picture by mrpiro (cc-by-sa)
Dictamnus albus flower picture by bimarix (cc-by-sa)
Dictamnus albus flower picture by Koláček Václav (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Dictamnus albus fruit picture by Patrizia Frossini (cc-by-sa)
Dictamnus albus fruit picture by Sylvain Piry (cc-by-sa)
Dictamnus albus fruit picture by Sylvain Piry (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Dictamnus albus world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Albania, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Germany, Spain, France, Georgia, Greece, Croatia, Hungary, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Liberia, North Macedonia, Montenegro, Pakistan, Poland, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Syrian Arab Republic, Tajikistan, Ukraine, United States of America, Uzbekistan, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772356-1
WFO ID wfo-0000646276
COL ID 6D65J
BDTFX ID 22387
INPN ID 94923
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Dictamnus albus Dictamnus obtusiflorus Fraxinella alba Fraxinella dictamnus Dictamnus angustifolius Dictamnus caucasicus Dictamnus davuricus Dictamnus fraxinella Dictamnus generalis Dictamnus gymnostylis Dictamnus himalayensis Dictamnus hispanicus Dictamnus macedonicus Dictamnus microphyllus Dictamnus sessilis Dictamnus tadshikorum Dictamnus himalayanus Dictamnus odorus Dictamnus altaicus Dictamnus major Dictamnus albus var. bucharicus Dictamnus albus subsp. caucasicus Dictamnus albus subsp. dasycarpus Dictamnus albus subsp. gymnostylis Dictamnus albus subsp. turkestanicus Dictamnus dasycarpus var. velutinus Dictamnus fraxinella var. caucasica Dictamnus albus var. macedonicus Dictamnus dasycarpus f. velutinus Dictamnus albus subsp. dasycarpus Dictamnus solitarius Dictamnus suffultus Dictamnus albus var. gynodynamicus