Dietes iridioides (L.) Sweet ex Klatt

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Iridaceae > Dietes

Characteristics

Plants (150-)300-600 mm high. Stem suberect or inclined, irregularly branched, bearing entirely sheathing bract-like leaves from cauline nodes 25-30 mm long, grey-green, often becoming dry and brownish distally; old stem often arching toward ground and producing terminal clusters of leaves, these later taking root. Foliage leaves shorter or longer than stems, 250-400(-600) mm long, linear to sword-shaped, (6-)10-15(-25) mm wide. Rhipidial spathes obtuse to emarginate; inner 35-50(-55) mm long, outer ± half to nearly 2/3 as long. Flowers white with speckled yellow nectar guides at bases of outer tepal limbs, claws of outer and sometimes inner tepals dotted orange or brown either side of midline with raised central ridge of velvety hairs; style branches blue-violet or white, then often flushed with blue; outer tepals 24-35 x 12-20 mm, claws ± 16 mm long, velvety in midline, limbs spreading to recurved distally; inner tepals (16-)24-30 x 9-13 mm, limbs ± spreading. Filaments 5-9 mm long, united below or broader and contiguous in lower ± 3 mm or free and not contiguous; anthers 3-6 mm long; pollen creamy white or pale mauve. Ovary 8-15 mm long, lightly ridged; style 2-3 mm long, branches 7-9 x 4-6 mm, crests ± 5 mm long. Capsules ± ellipsoid to ± cylindric, usually beaked, 20-30 x 14 mm. Seeds angular, dark brown.
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Plants (15-)30-60 cm. high, often in tufts.. Leaves 2.5-4(-6) cm. long, narrowly lanceolate, 6-15(-25) mm. wide.. Stem bearing short leaves below, and sheathing, bract-like leaves above, branched irregularly; sheathing leaves 2.5-3 cm. long, often dry and brownish; old inflorescences sometimes producing branches with a terminal cluster of leaves, and ultimately rooting.. Rhipidia with spathes 3.5-5(-5.5) cm. long, outer ± half as long as inner, obtuse to emarginate.. Flowers white with yellow nectar guides on outer tepals, claws of outer tepals orange dotted, style-branches blue or white flushed with blue above.. Outer tepals 2.4-3.5 cm. long, claw ± 1.6 cm. long, limb 1.2-1.6 cm. long, spreading to recurved, inner tepals 24-28 × 9-12 mm., spreading to recurved.. Filaments 5-9 mm. long, free or united below; anthers 3-6 mm. long.. Style 2-3 mm. long, the branches 7-9 mm. long, 4-6 mm. wide; crests ± 5 mm. long.. Capsule ovoid-cylindric, erect, usually rostrate, 1.5-3 cm. long, surface fissured or nearly smooth.. Fig. 2/1-2.
Perennial herb, geophyte, 0.3-0.6 m high; stem irregularly branching. Leaves crowded at dense fan-shaped basal rosettes, linear-ensiform, sheathing. Spathe 35-50 mm long, apex obtuse-emarginate. Flowers white; nectar guides yellow; tepal claws orange-dotted; outer tepals ciliate in midline, papillate; limbs spreading to recurved. Stamens free, united or contiguous in lower half; anthers 3-6 mm long. Ovary 8-15 mm long, ridged; style 2-3 mm long, with blue or white branches. Flowering time Sept.-Apr. Capsule 20-30 x 14 mm, ovoid-cylindric, usually rostrate.
Flowers white with yellow nectar guides on outer tepals, claws of outer tepals orange-dotted, style branches blue or white flushed with blue above; outer tepals 24–35 mm long, claw c. 16 mm long, limb 12–16 mm long, spreading to recurved; inner tepals 24–28 mm long, 9–12 mm wide, spreading to recurved.
Perennial, evergreen herb, up to 0.6 m high. Capsule 20-30 mm long, erect, rough-walled, usually furrowed and with a conspicuous beak. Leaves linear-ensiform, 250-100(-600) mm long. Flowers white with a yellow nectar guide and blue to blue-flushed style branches.
Stem irregularly branched, bearing short leaves below, and sheathing bract-like leaves above; sheathing leaves 25–30 mm long, often dry and brownish; old inflorescences sometimes producing branches with a terminal cluster of leaves, and ultimately rooting.
Evergreen, rhizomatous perennial, 30-50 cm. Leaves sword-shaped. Flowers white with violet style arms, outer tepals with yellow marking at limb base and line of yellow hairs on claws, lasting a single day.
Ovary 8–15 mm long, lightly ridged; style 2–3 mm long, branches 7–9 mm long, 4–6 mm wide; crests c. 5 mm long.
Rhipidia spathes 35–50(55) mm long, the outer about half as long as the inner, obtuse to emarginate.
Capsule erect, 20–30 mm long, ovoid-cylindric, usually rostrate, surface fissured.
Filaments 5–9 mm long, free or united below, anthers 3–6 mm long.
Leaves 25–40(60) × 6–15(25) mm, narrowly lanceolate.
Plants (15)30–60 cm high, often tufted.
Pending.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.0
Mature height (meter) 0.3 - 0.6
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Light 4-8
Soil humidity 3-6
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-11

Usage

Uses environmental use medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 30 - 90
Germination temperacture (C°) 10 - 15
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -7
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Flower

Dietes iridioides flower picture by doumé (cc-by-sa)
Dietes iridioides flower picture by Augustin Soulard (cc-by-sa)
Dietes iridioides flower picture by Ward Derick (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Dietes iridioides world distribution map, present in Angola, Australia, Ethiopia, Jamaica, Kenya, Mozambique, Mauritius, Réunion, eSwatini, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60453852-2
WFO ID wfo-0000789349
COL ID 362RF
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 706186
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Moraea irioides Moraea iridioides Moraea prolongata Naron iridioideum Iris catenulata Iris compressa Iris compressa Iris moraeoides Dietes compressa Dietes macleae Dietes prolongata Ferraria blanda Dietes iridifolia Naron orientale Dietes catenulata Dietes crassifolia Dietes prolongata var. galpinii Moraea iridioides var. catenulata Moraea iridioides var. prolongata Moraea catenulata Dietes iridioides

Lower taxons

Dietes iridioides subsp. angolensis