Dillenia suffruticosa Martelli

Species

Angiosperms > Dilleniales > Dilleniaceae > Dillenia

Characteristics

Large shrub, up to 10 m high. Leaves elliptic to obovate, ca 12-20-nerved, ca 15-25 by 8-12 cm, blade with ± obtuse apex and base and entire to dentate margin, glabrous above or sometimes slightly woolly on young leaves, beneath slightly to densely woolly on the lateral nerves, on both sides of the central nerve (continuing on the petiole), and along the line which delimits the bud-enclosing part of the leaf-basis. Petiole ca 2-6 cm long with up to 1½ cm broad, usually persistent wings. Raceme usually simple, sometimes composed, ca 5-12-flowered. Flowers ca 8-11 cm diam. Sepals 5, ca 15-22 by 8-12 mm, in fruit enlarged to ca 18-25 by 10-15 mm. Petals bright yellow, ca 40-50 by 25-30 mm. Staminodes ca 100, 6 mm long. Stamens ca 175, the outer ones 8 mm long, straight in bud, the inner ones 13 mm long, with their apex reflexed in bud, with intermediate lengths. Carpels 5-8, usually 7, ca 5 by 2 mm, with yellowish white, ca 1 cm long styles, each with 7-10 ovules. Fruit dehiscent. Carpels red, ca 20-25 by 10-16 mm, each 1-4-seeded. Seeds brown or black, with a membranaceous, scarlet aril.
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A large shrub or tree. It grows 10 m tall. The lower twigs can form roots. The leaves are oval and 15-25 cm long by 8-12 cm wide. They are woolly on the veins underneath. The flowers are 8-11 cm across and have 5 bright yellow petals. The fruit splits open and has red sections with brown or black seeds.
Life form perennial
Growth form
Growth support -
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 7.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

In marshes, along streams, and on the margin of forests, often forming thickets, from sea-level up to 500 m. Flowering continuously, each flower open for one day only, between 2 flowers of the same raceme a difference of ca 3-4 days. Fruit ripe after 36 days (CORNER, 1940); seeds eaten by birds.
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In marshes, along streams, and on the margin of forests, often forming thickets; at elevations from sea-level up to 500 metres.
It is a tropical plant. It grows in secondary forest and swampy areas.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 5-7
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses. Sometimes planted as an ornamental.
Uses environmental use medicinal ornamental
Edible fruits leaves
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Dillenia suffruticosa habit picture by Hawken Fox (cc-by-sa)
Dillenia suffruticosa habit picture by Chee Keong Chan (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Dillenia suffruticosa leaf picture by Raj (cc-by-sa)
Dillenia suffruticosa leaf picture by Hawken Fox (cc-by-sa)
Dillenia suffruticosa leaf picture by Hawken Fox (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Dillenia suffruticosa flower picture by Pierre Bonnet (cc-by-sa)
Dillenia suffruticosa flower picture by Pierre Bonnet (cc-by-sa)
Dillenia suffruticosa flower picture by Pierre Bonnet (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Dillenia suffruticosa fruit picture by Pierre Bonnet (cc-by-sa)
Dillenia suffruticosa fruit picture by Raj (cc-by-sa)
Dillenia suffruticosa fruit picture by Hawken Fox (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Dillenia suffruticosa world distribution map, present in Indonesia, Iceland, Jamaica, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Thailand, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:316765-1
WFO ID wfo-0000647643
COL ID 5C3HJ
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Wormia burbidgei Wormia revoluta Wormia subsessilis Wormia suffruticosa Dillenia burbidgei Dillenia suffruticosa var. borneensis Dillenia suffruticosa