Dimorphotheca sinuata Dc.

Glandular cape marigold (en), Météorine (fr), Dimorphothéca sinué (fr), Dimorphothéca orangé (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Asteraceae > Dimorphotheca

Characteristics

Herba annua 1-3 dm alta; caulis e basi laxe ramosus, ramis suberectis vel adscendentibus, vel in speciminibus depauperatis vel junioribus simplex leviter angulosus-striatus basi dense ceterum laxe foliatus subglaber vel sat dense puberulus, pilis partim brevissimis 57 glanduliferis partim longioribus articulatis eglandidiferis. Folia alterna subcrassiuscula, inferiora oblonga-oblanceolata usque 7(-10) cm longa usque 2 (-3) cm lata basin versus in petiolum angustata margine grosse sinuato-dentata (vel rarius pinnatifida)-denticulata, dentibus utrinque 3-5 remotis, apice rotundata vel obtusa saepe callo minuto instructa, superiora oblanceolata-sublinearia sessilia margine grosse dentata-denticulata vel rarius subintegerrima apice obtusa vel subacuta, omnia pilis eis qui in caule similibus instructa; nervus medius conspicuus subtus elevatus, in foliis inferioribus saepe nervi longitudinales duo conspicui. Capitula in apicibus caulis et ramorum solitaria pedunculata; pedunculi nunc breves nunc longi (interdum usque 12 cm longi) striati glanduloso-puberuli nudi apice post fecundationem incrassati. Involucrum campanulatum 8-10 mm altum; squamae c. 15-25 subuniseriatae lanceolatae vel lineari-lanceolatae acuminatae dorso pubescentes vel subglabrae sparse glandulosae margine ± late albidoscariosae. Flores radii involucri squamas numero aequantes; ligulae utrinque aurantiacae-flavae, saepe minute atroviolaceo-apiculatae.basi atroviolaceae et extus pilis pluricellularibus hyalinis villosae,involucrum 2-3-plo superantes; styli rami atroviolacei. Flores disci involucro c. 2-3 mm breviores; corolla inferne albida superne flavo-aurantiaca lobis apice plerumque atroviolaceis; lobi florum exteriorum ovatotriangulares, interiorum vel saltern intimorum in appendices inflatas et unguliformes vel rarius anguste cylindricas desinentes. Achaenia radii obpyramidali-triangularia subrecta undique + rugosa et tuberculata c. 4-5 mm longa c. 1.5-2 mm lata. Achaenia disci fertilia lateribus applanata late obcordata-suborbicularia laevia margine incrassata apice emarginata c. 6-7 mm longa 5-7 mm lata.
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Annual, erect herb, (15–) 20–35 (–45) cm high, simple or branched, laxly to densely foliated with sparsely glandular-pubescent, striate, ascending, reddish stems. Leaves sessile, ± thick, basally attenuate, coarsely sinuate-dentate on margins, obtuse; lower leaves oblong-oblanceolate, 6–7 cm long, 2–2.5 cm wide; upper leaves oblanceolate, 20–50 mm long, 5–20 mm wide. Capitula 6–8 cm diam., solitary; peduncle robust; involucre campanulate; bracts lanceolate, broadly scarious-margined, acuminate. Ray florets female, fertile; ligules 1.5–2.5 cm long, yellow or orange on both sides; style branches violet. Disc florets bisexual, yellow; lobe apices variable. Ray achenes obpyramidal-triangular, 4–5 mm long, ± rugose and tuberculate; disc achenes broadly obcordate-suborbiculate, 6–7 mm long, 5–7 mm wide, brownish, membranous.
Annuals, 5–30+ cm. Leaf blades narrowly oblong or oblanceolate to linear, 10–50(–100+) × 2–20(–30+) mm, margins usually sinuately denticulate, sometimes serrate or entire, rarely pinnati-fid. Peduncles (2–)5–15+ cm. Phyllaries 6–12+ mm. Ray corolla laminae abaxially yellow to orange (often marked with purple), adaxially mostly yellow to orange (sometimes purplish at bases and/or apices), 15–20(–30+) mm. Disc florets 15–50+; corollas yellow to orange, usually purplish distally, 4–5 mm (lobe apices acute, terete, or dilated). Ray cypselae 4–5 mm; disc cypselae 6–8 mm. 2n = 18.
Annual, like D. pluvialis but often less hairy, 100-300 mm tall. Leaves oblong or oblanceolate, sinuate-dentate, upper leaves subentire, sparsely hairy to glabrous. Flowerheads radiate, solitary, pedunculate; ray florets yellow to orange on both sides; disc florets yellow. Cypselas of ray florets obpyramidal triangular, wrinkled and tuberculate, of disc florets flat, winged, obcordate or suborbicular, 6-7 mm long.
Like D. pluvialis but often less hairy and flower heads with yellow or orange to beige rays.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.0
Mature height (meter) 0.1 - 0.3
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light 6-8
Soil humidity 2-5
Soil texture 4-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-10

Usage

Uses environmental use material medicinal poison vertebrate poison
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 10 - 15
Germination temperacture (C°) 15 - 21
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -7
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Dimorphotheca sinuata leaf picture by Samantha Goncalves (cc-by-sa)
Dimorphotheca sinuata leaf picture by vincent. hindelang (cc-by-sa)
Dimorphotheca sinuata leaf picture by Alexandre Labbe (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Dimorphotheca sinuata flower picture by Nathalie Fabre (cc-by-sa)
Dimorphotheca sinuata flower picture by fabrice beaufils (cc-by-sa)
Dimorphotheca sinuata flower picture by Thibaut Durr (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Dimorphotheca sinuata world distribution map, present in Australia, France, Namibia, Pakistan, United States of America, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:201489-1
WFO ID wfo-0000040105
COL ID 6CW48
BDTFX ID 22521
INPN ID 95022
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Dimorphotheca integrifolia Dimorphotheca calendulacea Calendula tragus Dimorphotheca dentata Acanthotheca integrifolia Dimorphotheca pseud-aurantiaca Acanthotheca dentata Dimorphotheca calendulacea var. calendulacea Dimorphotheca sinuata