Dioscorea nummularia Lam.

Yam (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Dioscoreales > Dioscoreaceae > Dioscorea

Characteristics

Tubers descending deep into the soil, increasing in diameter downwards slowly by a long undefined stalk, to 1 m long and 6 cm in diam.; flesh white, esculent. Plant glabrous. Stem armed, sometimes abundantly at the base, rather wiry, with very obscure ridges. Bulbils none seen. Leaves opposed on the larger stems and alternate elsewhere, but more abundantly opposed than alternate, firmly herbaceous, from exactly cordate to broadly elliptic, with a rounded base, apex rather abruptly acuminate, to 11 by 9 cm, 5-7-nerved; petiole to 7 cm. Male flowering axes 1-4 together, aggregated on downwardly directed leafless branches to 4 cm long, with about 50 flowers spaced their own diameter apart, angled. Buds almost globose above a flattened base, to 1¼ mm long. Female flowering axes 1-2 together, to 15 cm long; axis angled. Capsules with the apex retuse, the base obtuse; wings 20 by 22 mm; stipe to 5 mm.
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A yam. A vine plant with long spiny stems. The stems are nearly round in cross section. The leaves are oval to heart shaped. They end abruptly in a pointed tip. Often they are alternate lower on the vine then opposite each other higher up the plant. The vines twine to the right. The stems are spiny near the base. The flowers are slender. The flower spikes occur on leafless branches produced in the axils of leaves and these are longer than the leaf near where they are produced. The flower spikes remain of equal size along the length of this flowering branch. Tubers are often deep in the soil and with several lobes.
Life form
Growth form herb
Growth support climber
Foliage retention -
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

& Vern. The esculent tuber of this most common species of Dioscorea in E. Malaysia lies too deep, yields too little and that unpleasant in carrying saponin to give the plant any prominence as a source of food. The tough stems serve for a handy bit of cordage when needed in the forest, whence the word tali or cord in its name (see under Enantiophyllum above). Some additional recorded names are uwi in tuwa in N. Celebes, ubing basol in Tagalog (Luzon) which recalls RUMPHIUS'S ubi bisol, banan in Bagobe (Mindanao), tatopo in Halmaheira, singgo in the Kem language of western New Guinea and boku of Port Moresby (New Guinea). It shares pakit in Tagalog with its allies.
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A tropical plant. Mostly they occur in coastal areas. In Papua New Guinea it has been recorded up to 2,000 m above sea level. Outside Papua New Guinea it occurs in Fiji, Indonesia, Malaysia and the Solomon Islands.
Not known
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 1-3
Soil texture 5-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

The tuber is cooked and eaten.
Uses food gene source material medicinal social use
Edible roots saps tubers
Therapeutic use Pain (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

It can be grown from pieces of the tuber. It can also be grown from aerial tubers. Plants are often planted near trees so that the vine can climb the tree and the tuber is left growing in the same spot for several years with tubers being harvested annually.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 21 - 36
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 23
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Dioscorea nummularia world distribution map, present in Andorra, Fiji, Moldova (Republic of), Malaysia, Philippines, United States of America, Viet Nam, and Wallis and Futuna

Conservation status

Dioscorea nummularia threat status: Near Threatened

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:318330-1
WFO ID wfo-0000392916
COL ID 36CZQ
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 447812
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Dioscorea lufensis Dioscorea palopoensis Dioscorea seemannii Dioscorea glaucoidea Dioscorea nummularia Dioscorea angulata Dioscorea palauensis Dioscorea raymundii Dioscorea nummularia var. lata Dioscorea pirita