Dioscorea trifida L.F.

Indian yam (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Dioscoreales > Dioscoreaceae > Dioscorea

Characteristics

Stems climbing sinistrorsely, glabrous, at least the lower conspicuously 4-winged on the angles; leaves alternate; petioles up to 15 cm. long, winged, minutely puberulous; leaf blades variable, the larger leaves deeply 5-lobed, over 15 cm. long and wide, the smaller leaves deeply 3-lobed (the lobes all acute), deeply cordate at base, pellucid-lineolate, minutely puberulous on upper surface and-along veins beneath; staminate spikes 2-5 in an axil, shorter than leaves, Un-branched, the rhachis subtomentose; flowers solitary (or subfasciculate?), short-pedicellate, the pedicels 1.5-2 mm. long, pilosulous; perianth segments oblong, about 2.5 mm. long, pilosulous externally; stamens 6, all fertile, borne on perianth segments, the filaments about 1 mm. long, the anthers 0.25 mm. long, introrse; rudimentary style conspicuous; ovary pilose; capsule 27 mm. long and 17 mm. wide (teste Knuth), puberulent.
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A yam vine. The stem is square in cross section and does not have spines. The leaves are 25 cm long. They are opposite. The leaf is divided like fingers on a hand into 3 or more segments. The male flower is on a long stalk and the female flower stalk is short. It easily produces seed. The underground tuber is irregular in shape. It can be 70 cm long. Varieties can range in colour from white to purple and black.
Life form perennial
Growth form vine
Growth support climber
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 3.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It is indigenous to Central America. It suits a cooler climate than other yams. It grows in areas with temperatures between 25-30°C. The rainfall is 1,500-2,000 mm per year. It cannot tolerate frost.
More
Not known
Light 6-9
Soil humidity 3-5
Soil texture 3-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-11

Usage

The tubers are cooked and eaten. They can be baked or boiled. They are also mashed and used in soup.
Uses food gene source medicinal ornamental
Edible roots tubers
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Normally small whole tubers are used for planting. Large tubers can be cut into small pieces and planted. Top pieces of the tuber are best. It can be grown from seed in a nursery and the seedlings transplanted.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 21 - 36
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 23
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) 1
Optimum temperature (C°) 18 - 26
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Dioscorea trifida habit picture by Anghelo Herrera Calvo (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Dioscorea trifida leaf picture by Anghelo Herrera Calvo (cc-by-sa)
Dioscorea trifida leaf picture by Anghelo Herrera Calvo (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Dioscorea trifida world distribution map, present in Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Haiti, Jamaica, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Puerto Rico, Suriname, and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:323927-2
WFO ID wfo-0000396105
COL ID 36DDQ
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 629570
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Dioscorea goyazensis Dioscorea palmata Dioscorea brasiliensis Dioscorea trifida Dioscorea angustifolia Dioscorea articulata Dioscorea quinquelobata Dioscorea ruiziana Dioscorea affinis Dioscorea triloba Dioscorea triloba