Diospyros dichrophylla (Gand.) De Winter

Species

Angiosperms > Ericales > Ebenaceae > Diospyros

Characteristics

Shrubs 0.6-3.5 m high or trees up to 13 m, densely leafy; bark greyish to brown, more or less smooth or wrinkled; branches straight and erect, less often ascending, young twigs and leaves shortly but densely yellowish-to pallid-pubescent, glabrescent. Leaves alternate, petioles 3-6 mm long, pubescent; leaf-blade mostly narrowly obovate but varying from oblanceolate to obovate, cuneate at the base, apex rounded to broadly acute, 1.5-6 cm long and 0.6-1.5 cm broad, coriaceous, mature leaves glabrous or sparsely appressed-pubescent and finely wrinkled above, sparsely appressed-hairy below, especially on the midrib, midrib slightly impressed above, prominent below, secondary nerves inconspicuous above, inconspicuous or finely traced below but not raised, margins usually distinctly but finely revolute, very occasionally almost flat. Flowers dioecious, female or functionally male, solitary, axillary, pendulous with lobes reflexed, cream to white; peduncle up to 2.5 cm long, usually 1-1.5 cm long; bracts linear, margins revolute, rather distant, 5 mm long. Calyx deeply 5-lobed, 1/4 the length of the corolla, lobes deltoid to triangular, shortly but densely pallid-pubescent on both sides, 2-5 mm long. Corolla tube 1/3-1/4 the length of the lobes, glabrous; lobes narrowly oblong to more or less ovate, apex rounded or very broadly acute, pubescent on the outside and often with a few stiff hairs in a longitudinal median line down the back, 5-8 mm long and 2-4 mm wide, glabrous inside. Stamens usually 10, 3.5-4 mm long; anthers linear-lanceolate, bristly, especially on the connectives and at the base; filaments short, broad, hairy at the apex; female flowers with staminodes, staminodes 10(or fewer), 2 mm long, densely bristly. Ovary subglobose or somewhat depressed from above, very densely velvety-pubescent, 8-10-celled with a single ovule in each cell, rather abruptly narrowed into the style, often somewhat ribbed; style short, pubescent, branches 4-5, glabrous above; stigma often somewhat dilated. Fruits large, depressed-globose, up to 2 cm long and 2.5 cm in diameter, densely velvety-pubescent, often dehiscing from above into five valves; calyx usually strongly accrescent (occasionally only weakly so), usually reflexed but occasionally clasping the fruits or partly reflexed, lobes lanceolate to ovate, acute, up to 2.5 cm long and 1 cm broad (occasionally much shorter and narrower). Seeds (probably not ripe) laterally compressed, oblong, about 1.0 cm long, dark brown, shiny.
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A shrub 2-3 m in height, or a small to medium-sized, densely leafy tree with ascending branches, up to 13 m. Bark: grey to brown, rather smooth or wrinkled; young branchlets and new growth covered with yellow velvety hairs. Leaves: spirally arranged, oblanceolate to narrowly obovate, 1.5-8 x 0.6-2.5 cm, leathery, glossy dark green, hairless above, paler with rather sparse to dense hairs, prominent midrib and about 5 pairs of indistinct lateral veins below; apex broadly tapering to rounded; base tapering; margin entire, tightly rolled under; petiole 3-6 mm long. Flowers: creamy white, about 10 mm long, axillary, solitary, pendulous, on stalks up to 2.5 cm long (Nov.-Mar.). Fruit: almost round, flattened, up to 3 cm in diameter, densely golden velvety, occasionally reluctantly splitting into 5 valves, persistent calyx with 5 narrow lobes up to 2.5 cm long, usually curved backwards but occasionally loosely clasping the base of the fruit (Mar.-Oct.). Seeds: 3-8, oblong, about 1 cm long, flattened, dark brown, shiny.
Tree or shrub, 1-13 m high; young twigs and leaves yellowish-to pallid-pubescent, glabrescent. Leaves alternate, petiolate, oblanceolate to obovate, coriaceous; mature leaves finely wrinkled above, margins revolute. Bracts linear, revolute. Flowers female or functionally male, solitary, axillary, pedunculate, pendulous; stamens 10, staminodes in female flower densely bristly; ovary 8-10-celled, single ovule in each cell. Flowering time all year. Fruit 200 x 250 mm, depressed-globose, pubescent. Seed dark brown, shiny, oblong.
A shrub or small tree. Young plant parts are densely hairy. The leaves are alternate. The blades are sword shaped or narrowly oval. They taper to the base. The edges are slightly curved backwards. The leaves are 5 cm long by 1 cm wide. The flowers occur singly. The flower stalk is 2 cm long. The flowers are cream of white. The fruit are round. They are 2.5 cm across. They are densely velvety.
Leaves coriaceous, drying dull pale brown or yellowish–brown beneath; lamina 1·7 x 0·6–8·8 x 2·5 cm., narrowly obovate to oblanceolate, apex rounded to broadly acute, base cuneate, margin usually revolute; lower surface appressed–pubescent; lateral nerves in c. 5 pairs, indistinct.
Shrub or tree, 0.6-3.5 m or up to 13 m high. Leaves cuneate to obtuse at base, narrowly obovate or oblanceolate, coriaceous, young parts pubescent, margins revolute. Flowers pentamerous. Calyx deeply 5-lobed. Flowers cream to white.
Dioecious shrub or tree to 13 m. Leaves petiolate, oblanceolate, leathery, thinly hairy, margins revolute. Flowers solitary, axillary, whitish. Fruits large, velvety, calyx strongly accrescent, usually reflexed.
Erect, densely leafy evergreen shrub up to 6 m. tall, elsewhere sometimes arborescent and up to 16 m.; branches erect or ascending; branchlets shortly and densely yellowish–pubescent.
Fruiting calyx strongly accrescent, lobes up to 2 cm. long, with many longitudinal nerves, usually strongly reflexed but occasionally only partly reflexed.
Ovary 0·25 x 0·2 cm., subglobose, slightly ridged; densely sericeous–tomentellous; locules 10; style puberulous, the 5 branches glabrous towards the tips.
Male flowers solitary, axillary, pentamerous; pedicel 0·8–2 (2·8) cm. long; bracts 0·25–0·4 cm. long, linear or oblanceolate, distant, deciduous.
Stamens 10, 0·4–0·45 cm. long; filaments 0·05–0·07 cm. long, hairy towards apex; anthers 0·3–0·35 cm. long, densely strigose.
Fruit up to 2 x 2·5 cm., depressed–globose, densely yellowish–velvety–pubescent, tardily dehiscing from above into 5 valves.
Pistillode subglobose, sericeous–tomentellous, slightly ridged; locules 10; stylode puberulous, divided into 5 branches.
Calyx 0·2–0·4 cm. long strigulose–tomentellous; lobes 0·15–0·3 cm. long, deltate.
Corolla 0·7–1·2 cm. long, densely strigulose outside; lobes 0·5–1 cm. long.
Staminodes 10, 0·2 cm. long; antherodes densely strigose.
Seeds 3–8, 1·3 cm. long, shining–brown; endosperm smooth.
Female flowers similar to male.
Disk fimbriate.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 3.5 - 9.5
Root system -
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Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a subtropical plant. Brisbane Botanical Gardens.
Light -
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 4-8
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Caution: Some claim the fruit is poisonous.
Uses environmental use fuel material medicinal poison
Edible fruits seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
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Images

Diospyros dichrophylla unspecified picture

Distribution

Diospyros dichrophylla world distribution map, present in Mozambique, eSwatini, and South Africa

Conservation status

Diospyros dichrophylla threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:322319-1
WFO ID wfo-0000648771
COL ID 6CX9J
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Royena dichrophylla Diospyros dichrophylla