Distichium capillaceum (Hedw.) Bruch & Schimp.

Distichium moss (en)

Species

Bryophytes > Catoscopiales > Distichiaceae > Distichium

Characteristics

Plants medium to large, slender, forming dense tufts, green above, brown below; saxicolous. Stems erect, 10-30 mm high, branching above, densely tomentose below; in section elliptical, central strand present, inner cortical cells in single row, large, thin-walled, outer cortical cells in 2-3 rows, smaller, incrassate. Leaves distichous, appressed with squarrose-flexuose tips wet or dry; oblong, abruptly long-subulate, 3-4 mm long; apex acute, occasionally weakly toothed; base clasping stem, to 1 mm long; margins weakly convolute below. Costa excurrent; in section flattened, guide cells 6-8, small, incrassate, ventral stereid band small, to 3 cells thick, ventral surface cells substereids, dorsal stereid band 4-8 cells thick, dorsal surface cells substereids, with strongly thickened outer walls. Upper laminal cells rectangular, strongly prorate, at shoulders irregular, triangular to quadrate, smooth; basal cells long-rectangular to oblong-hexagonal, linear below. Autoicous. Perichaetia terminal; leaves undifferentiated, base to 2 mm long. Seta erect, 6-12 mm long; capsule erect, symmetrical, cylindrical, 1.0-1.2 mm long, yellowish; exothecial cells rectangular, quadrate at mouth; peristome teeth 0.2 mm high, divided to near base or only perforated below, lightly striate, red-yellow; operculum rostrate; calyptra cucullate; spores round, 16-20 µm, punctate.
More
Stems to ca. 6 cm, occasionally longer. Sexual condition paro-icous. Seta to 2 cm, straight to somewhat flexuose, smooth, red or reddish brown, occasionally yellowish brown. Capsule brown, 1-2 mm, erect, cylindric to ovoid-cylindric, straight to weakly arcuate, becoming ± wrinkled when dry; operculum to 0.5 mm; peristome teeth evenly spaced, lanceolate, divided nearly to the base into 2(-3) filaments, smooth to papillose or sometimes ± striolate. Spores densely and finely papillose, 15-25 µm.
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Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality monoecy
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Mature height (meter) 0.01 - 0.03
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Soil texture 7-8
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Cultivation

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Images

Distichium capillaceum unspecified picture

Distribution

Distichium capillaceum world distribution map, present in South Africa

Identifiers

LSID 35132423
WFO ID wfo-0001164650
COL ID 36XH7
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 4808
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Didymodon cirrhifolius Distichium capillaceum Distichium papillosum Distichium trachyphyllum Cynontodium capillaceum Didymodon capillaceus Didymodon distichus Distichium kilimandscharicum Distichium capillaceum var. capillaceum