Dryobalanops aromatica C.F.Gaertn.

Borneo camphor (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Malvales > Dipterocarpaceae > Dryobalanops

Characteristics

Young twig, raceme, stipule, petiole and leaf beneath at first sparsely minutely lepidote, appearing yellowish, becoming glabrous. Twig c. 1 mm ø apically, slender, smooth. Bud 2-5 by 1-1.5 mm, small, narrowly lanceolate, often compressed. Stipule 5-8 mm long, small, linear, fugaceous. Leaves 4-6 by 2-4 cm, +-broadly ovate, coriaceous, sometimes (excluding acumen) broader than long, base cuneate or broadly obtuse, acumen to 1.5 cm long, prominent; nervation indistinct; midrib depressed above, prominent beneath; petiole 0.5-1 cm long, slender. Panicle to 7 cm long, terminal or axillary, ribbed and angular on drying, singly or doubly branched. Flower bud to 9 by 4 mm, fusiform. Calyx glabrous, lobes subequal, lanceolate, obtuse. Corolla white, petals glabrous, ± oblong, acute. Stamens c. 30, subequal, shorter than the style; filaments slender, tapering, united at base; anthers linear; appendage to connective short, linear, somewhat exceeding anther apex. Ovary small, ovoid, glabrous; style filiform, c. 2 times length of ovary, glabrous. Fruit calyx base 6-8 mm deep, 8-15 mm ø, cup-shaped, ± constricted at the rim; lobes equal, 4-6 by 0.8-2 cm, spatulate, obtuse, to 3-5 mm broad at the base, entirely glabrous. Nut to 3 by 1.5 cm, ovoid, glabrous, constricted at the apex of the calyx cup, acute, with a short style remnant.
Life form -
Growth form tree
Growth support -
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 45.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Undisturbed mixed dipterocarp forests at elevations up to 300 metres. Usually found growing on hillsides and ridges with sandy soils. In secondary forests it is usually present as a pre-disturbance remnant tree.
More
Locally dominant, gregarious on dry sandy or gravelly soils over sandstone and granite, on subcoastal hills or (rarely) inland quartzite dikes to 400 m.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
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Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-12

Usage

Uses. The most important source of camphor, and kapur timber, in the genus.
Uses essential oil food material medicinal timber wood
Edible -
Therapeutic use Anodyne (unspecified), Cholera (unspecified), Diarrhea (unspecified), Laryngitis (unspecified), Nausea (unspecified), Pterygium (unspecified), Vision (unspecified), Edema (unspecified), Antiphlogistic (unspecified), Asthma (unspecified), Bubo (unspecified), Cancer(Nose) (unspecified), Cancer(Stomach) (unspecified), Carbuncle (unspecified), Cancer(Esophagus) (unspecified), Conjunctivitis (unspecified), Cough (unspecified), Diaphoretic (unspecified), Eczema (unspecified), Escharotic (unspecified), Gastralgia (unspecified), Headache (unspecified), Polyp(Nose) (unspecified), Polypus (unspecified), Rhinosis (unspecified), Ringworm (unspecified), Sedative (unspecified), Sore (unspecified), Spasm (unspecified), Stomatitis (unspecified), Suicide (unspecified), Toothache (unspecified), Vermifuge (unspecified), Arthritis (unspecified), Opacity (unspecified), Ophthalmia (unspecified), Balsamic (unspecified), Chancre (unspecified), Heat rash (unspecified), Mucositis (unspecified), Rhinitis (unspecified), Sclerosis (unspecified), Sprue (unspecified), Stimulant (unspecified), Poison (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
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Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Dryobalanops aromatica habit picture by Pierre Bonnet (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Dryobalanops aromatica leaf picture by Pierre Bonnet (cc-by-sa)
Dryobalanops aromatica leaf picture by Pierre Bonnet (cc-by-sa)
Dryobalanops aromatica leaf picture by Pierre Bonnet (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Dryobalanops aromatica world distribution map, present in Brunei Darussalam, Indonesia, India, and Malaysia

Conservation status

Dryobalanops aromatica threat status: Vulnerable

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:320807-1
WFO ID wfo-0000657511
COL ID 37V4J
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Shorea costata Shorea camphorifera Dipterocarpus camphorus Dryobalanops camphora Laurus sumatrensis Pterigium teres Vatica camphorifera Dipterocarpus dryobalanops Dryobalanops aromatica