Dysoxylum densiflorum Miq.

Species

Angiosperms > Sapindales > Meliaceae > Dysoxylum

Characteristics

Tree (to 30(–45) m with clear bole to 13 m and 65 cm diam. Buttresses to 3.5 m tall, forming plankroots to 5 m long at base. Bark grey-green, smooth and lenticellate to fissured or flaking, the ± rectangular flakes leaving brown patches; inner bark thin, fibrous and pinkish, red mottled, creamy yellow within; sapwood straw. Leafy twigs 6–8 mm diam., grey-brown with prominent cicatrices and sometimes white latex. Apical buds with fist-shaped young leaves. Leaves to 1.5 m, in dense terminal spirals, imparipinnate, 5–8-jugate; petiole 6–11 cm, terete to grooved adaxially proximally, swollen somewhat at base, ± finely pubescent; rachis 2–4 mm diam., terete, ± pubescent. Leaflets 14–20 by 5–8 cm, opposite to subopposite, shiny midgreen adaxially, paler abaxially, the apical one elliptic-ovate to-obovate, symmetrical, the laterals elliptic-ovate, the most proximal ovate and smallest, apices acuminate, bases obtuse to subcordate (to cuneate in apical leaflet), markedly asymmetric especially in most proximal leaflets, ± pubescent abaxially, sometimes conspicuously brown-pubescent, venation brochidodrome, costae c. 14 on each side, arcuate, drying paler adaxially, prominent and pubescent abaxially; petiolule l–4(-6) mm (–12 mm in apical leaflet). Racemes or narrow thyrses to 10 cm long, solitary or fasciculate in axils or on twigs, sericeous; bracts c. 2 mm long, triangular, pubescent. Flowers sometimes in sessile cymules, hyacinth-scented. Pedicels 2–3 mm, pubescent. Calyx c. 2.5 mm long, campanulate, adpressed pubescent, deeply 4-lobed, lobes acute. Petals 4, c. 8–11 mm long, linear-oblong, acute, imbricate, sparsely hairy without, white. Staminal tube subglabrous without, pilose within, conspicuously 8-(or 9-)striate, white, the margin 8-lobed, lobes subtruncate, emarginate or erose; anthers 8 (or 9), c. 1 mm long, oblong-ovate, alternating with lobes. Disk 3–4 mm tall, glabrous or sparsely hairy within, margin irregularly lobed. Ovary (3-or) 4-locular, adpressed pubescent; style adpressed pubescent; stylehead discoid, yellow. Infructescence to 10 cm or fruits solitary, rachis to 9 mm diam. Capsule to 4 cm long, 2 cm diam., pyriform to fusiform, (3-or) 4-valved, silky grey-green hairy; pericarp soft, with white latex. Seeds 2–4, testa black, partially enveloped in a white hilar (?) aril; the cotyledons green.
More
Trees to 25 m tall, evergreen. Bark exfoliating, endodermis yellowish. Young shoots pubescent. Leaves alternate, 35-46 cm, odd-pinnate; rachis densely yellow pubescent; leaflets 7-15, opposite to subopposite; petiolules 4-6 mm, densely pubescent; leaflet blades oblong but apical one obovate-oblong, 9-16 × 3-6 cm, papery, abaxially densely pubescent along veins, adaxially only on midvein, secondary veins 10-14 on each side of midvein, base oblique, apex acuminate to shortly acuminate. Thyrses on older branches and sometimes axillary, solitary or 2-or 3(-10)-conglomerate, 5-9 cm, rachis densely pubescent. Flowers yellowish, 8-10 mm. Pedicel 2-4 mm, densely pubescent. Calyx cup-shaped, 3-4 mm, 4-lobed; lobes triangular, outside sparsely pubescent, inside glabrous. Petals 4. Staminal tube 6-8 × ca. 2 mm, both surfaces sparsely pubescent, margin 8-lobed, each lobe tip 2-cleft as 2 teeth; anthers 8, slightly included within tube. Disk tubular to urceolate, ca. 2 mm high, glabrous, apex undulate. Ovary included in disk, densely covered with thick trichomes, 4-locular; style ca. 8 mm, sparsely villous; stigma peltate. Capsule yellowish green, ellipsoid to obovoid, 4-6 × 2.5-4 cm; pericarp densely covered with pulverulent yellow trichomes. Seeds bright red, with a salmon-colored aril. Fl. Apr and Sep, fr. Apr-May and Oct-Nov.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 28.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

An emergent and canopy tree in undisturbed mixed dipterocarp and sub-montane forests, usually on alluvial sites along rivers and streams; growing on sandy to clay soils, but also on limestone; at elevations up to 1,500 metres.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

UsesAccording to Burkill (l.c.), the timber is useful.
Uses construction material timber wood
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Dysoxylum densiflorum world distribution map, present in Brunei Darussalam, China, Indonesia, India, Iceland, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:578112-1
WFO ID wfo-0000658556
COL ID 8S5HW
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Dysoxylum trichostylum f. glabrum Alliaria densiflora Alliaria trichostyla Dysoxylum densiflorum Dysoxylum trichostylum Epicharis altissima Epicharis densiflora Guarea densiflora Dysoxylum densiflorum var. minus Dysoxylum elmeri Dysoxylum trichostylum f. pubescens