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Dysphania botrys (L.) Mosyakin & Clemants

Jerusalem-oak (en), Chénopode botryde (fr), Chénopode à grappes (fr), Dysphanie botryde (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Caryophyllales > Amaranthaceae > Dysphania

Characteristics

Stems erect to ascending, branched at base to ± simple, 1-6(-10) dm, pubescent with short-stalked glandular hairs. Leaves aromatic; petiole to 2.5 mm; blade 1.3-4 × 0.6-2.7 cm, base cuneate, margins lyrate-sinuate, pinnatifid, or occasionally entire (in distal leaves), apex acute to subobtuse, glandular-pubescent abaxially. Inflorescences axillary cymes, often arranged in terminal thyrses, 12-24 cm, subtended by cauline leaves; bracts absent. Flowers: perianth segments 5, distinct nearly to base, distinct portion elliptic or ovate to oblong, 0.7-1.1 × 0.5-0.7 mm, apex acute to obtuse, rounded abaxially, densely glandular-pubescent, covering fruit at maturity; stamens 1-3(-5); stigmas 2. Achenes subglobose; pericarp adherent, membranaceous, papillose, becoming rugose, usually white-blotchy. Seeds globose to subglobose, (0.5-) 0.6-0.8 × 0.5-0.7 mm, margins rounded (rarely indistinctly furrowed); seed coat rugose. 2n = 18.
More
Herbs annual, yellow-green, 20-50 cm tall, with a strong odor, covered with stalked, glandular hairs. Stem erect, mostly branched from base. Petiole 2-10 mm; leaf blade oblong, 2-4 × 1-2 cm, base cuneate, margin pinnately parted, apex subobtuse, sometimes mucronulate; lobes obtuse, usually obtusely toothed; upper leaves lanceolate, smaller, margin entire. Compound dichasia axillary, forming tower-shaped panicles on upper branches. Flowers bisexual. Perianth segments (4 or)5, erect in fruit, yellow-green, oblong, abaxially glandular, not longitudinally keeled or only weakly keeled, margin membranous, apex subobtuse or acuminate. Stamens 1-3. Stigmas 2, filiform. Utricle depressed globose; pericarp whitish, membranous . Seed horizontal, black, sublustrous, depressed, 0.75-1 mm in diam., almost unpitted, rim margin obtuse, slightly sulcate. Fl. Jul-Aug, fr. Aug-Sep.
An annual herb. It grows 20-50 cm tall. It is yellow green.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination anemogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.3
Mature height (meter) 0.2 - 0.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a warm temperate and subtropical plants.
Light 6-9
Soil humidity 5-7
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-10

Usage

The leaves are cooked and eaten.
Uses animal food dye environmental use food food additive incense material medicinal non-vertebrate poison ornamental tea vertebrate poison
Edible leaves saps seeds stems
Therapeutic use Misc. Disease Remedy (root), Cestoda (seed), Headache (shoot), Analgesic (unspecified), Anthelmintic (unspecified), Cold Remedy (unspecified), Catarrh (unspecified), Pectoral (unspecified), Vermifuge (unspecified), Asthma (unspecified), Anthelmintics (unspecified), Common cold (unspecified), Diuretics (unspecified), Laxatives (unspecified), Liver diseases (unspecified), Stomach diseases (unspecified), Anthelmintics (whole plant), Asthma (whole plant), Common cold (whole plant), Diuretics (whole plant), Flatulence (whole plant), Menstruation-inducing agents (whole plant), Parasympatholytics (whole plant), Pectoralis muscles (whole plant), General tonic for rejuvenation (whole plant)
Human toxicity toxic (seed), toxic (leaf)
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 14 - 49
Germination temperacture (C°) 21
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Dysphania botrys leaf picture by Pérez Silvia (cc-by-sa)
Dysphania botrys leaf picture by Albert Mallol Camprubí (cc-by-sa)
Dysphania botrys leaf picture by Bellés Riba Jorge (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Dysphania botrys flower picture by Frédérique Berato (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Dysphania botrys world distribution map, present in Canada, China, France, Pakistan, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:70029946-1
WFO ID wfo-0000658871
COL ID 5XR25
BDTFX ID 16781
INPN ID 90700
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Chenopodium botrydium Chenopodium botrys Atriplex botrys Ambrina botrys Ambrina foetida Chenopodium ilicifolium Chenopodium nepalense Vulvaria botrys Teloxys botrys Neobotrydium botrys Botrydium aromaticum Botrys aromatica Roubieva botrys Botrydium botrys Chenopodium botryoides Dysphania botrys
WorldFloraDB 2024