Echinacea angustifolia Dc.

Blacksamson echinacea (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Asteraceae > Echinacea

Characteristics

Plants to 70 cm (roots usually fusiform, ± branched). Herbage moderately to densely hairy (induments relatively harsh, hairs spreading, ca. 1–2 mm). Stems mostly green to purplish. Basal leaves: petioles 2–12 cm; blades (1-), 3-, or (5-)nerved, elliptic to lanceolate, 7–30 × 0.5–2.5(–4) cm, bases cuneate to attenuate, margins entire (usually ciliate). Peduncles 10–30 cm. Phyllaries lanceolate to ovate, 6–12 × 1–2.5 mm. Receptacles: paleae 9–14 mm, tips purple, straight, sharp-pointed. Ray corollas pink to purplish, laminae reflexed, 15–40 × 5–8 mm, sparsely hairy abaxially. Discs conic to hemispheric, 15–30 × 20–35 mm. Disc corollas 5–7+ mm, lobes usually purple. Cypselae often bicolored, tan proximally, dark brown banded distally, 4–5 mm, faces ± smooth, usually glabrous; pappi to ca. 1 mm (major teeth 0–4). 2n = 22, 44.
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A plant that keeps growing from year to year. It grows 1 m high and spreads 1 m wide. The stem is erect and stout and has bristles. The leaves are hairy and narrowly sword shaped. The lower leaves have long stalks. The flowers are purple. There are 12-20 rays. They are in a cone shaped disk.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.75 - 1.0
Mature height (meter) 0.85 - 1.0
Root system fibrous-root tap-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) 0.3
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. They grow in the prairie region in the USA. It needs a deep rich loam. It does best in an open sunny position. It is resistant to frost and sensitive to drought. In Hobart Botanical Gardens.
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Gravelly, sandy, and rocky dry limestone prairies and barrens. Dry prairies, barrens, rocky to sandy-clay soils; at elevations from 100-1,600 metres.
Light 6-9
Soil humidity 2-6
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 3-7

Usage

The leaves are used to make a drink by boiling.
Uses environmental use medicinal
Edible leaves roots seeds
Therapeutic use Analgesic (leaf), Oral Aid (leaf), Orthopedic Aid (leaf), Throat Aid (leaf), Toothache (leaf), Toothache (root), Analgesic (root), Oral Aid (root), Orthopedic Aid (root), Throat Aid (root), Antirheumatic (External) (root), Snake Bite Remedy (root), Anesthetic (root), Antidote (root), Blood Medicine (root), Dermatological Aid (root), Eye Medicine (root), Gastrointestinal Aid (root), Cough Medicine (root), Anticonvulsive (root), Anti-poisoning (root), Analgesic (unspecified), Antidote (unspecified), Burn Dressing (unspecified), Misc. Disease Remedy (unspecified), Other (unspecified), Snake Bite Remedy (unspecified), Toothache (unspecified), Veterinary Aid (unspecified), Dermatological Aid (unspecified), Gastrointestinal Aid (unspecified), Oral Aid (unspecified), Alterative (unspecified), Antiseptic (unspecified), Apertif (unspecified), Aphrodisiac (unspecified), Cancer(Breast) (unspecified), Cough (unspecified), Depurative (unspecified), Digestive (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Sudorific (unspecified), Aperient (unspecified), Sore(Throat) (unspecified), Sialogogue (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seed or division.
Mode cuttings divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) 10 - 21
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 23
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -40
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Echinacea angustifolia leaf picture by Euphrosyne Beauchamp (cc-by-sa)
Echinacea angustifolia leaf picture by Euphrosyne Beauchamp (cc-by-sa)
Echinacea angustifolia leaf picture by Ross Kat (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Echinacea angustifolia flower picture by Michelle Larson (cc-by-sa)
Echinacea angustifolia flower picture by Mary Jordan (cc-by-sa)
Echinacea angustifolia flower picture by Euphrosyne Beauchamp (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Echinacea angustifolia world distribution map, present in Canada and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:87143-2
WFO ID wfo-0000041434
COL ID 38FNL
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Brauneria angustifolia Echinacea pallida var. strigosa Echinacea angustifolia var. strigosa Echinacea angustifolia var. angustifolia Echinacea pallida var. angustifolia Echinacea angustifolia