Elaeocarpus angustifolius Blume

Species

Angiosperms > Oxalidales > Elaeocarpaceae > Elaeocarpus

Characteristics

A medium sized to tall tree. It grows 35-40 m high. There are buttresses 5-6 m up the trunk. It has an open crown. The bark is light grey. The young shoots are pale green. The leaf stalks are long 15 mm, slender and narrowly winged near the tip. The leaves are partly deciduous. The leaves are oval and 7-18 cm long by 3.5-5 cm wide. They are dark green and glossy on top and paler underneath. They are thin textured. The edges of the leaves have fine teeth. Old leaves turn bright red. The flowers are borne on twigs behind the leaves. Flowers are 1.2-1.5 cm across and placed along a stalk on side branches. This flower arrangement is 5-15 cm long. The flowers are greenish white. The petals have a fine fringe. The fruit is 2-3 cm across and round. It is shiny bright blue or purple. The flesh is often fibrous. The seeds have a hard pitted coat. The fruit are edible.
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Trees to 30 m tall, to 1.7 m d.b.h. Branches brown-gray; branchlets yellowish brown villous. Petiole 1-1.5 cm, villous, glabrescent; leaf blade obovate-oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 9-14 × 3-4.5 cm, papery or membranous, both surfaces villous when young, glabrescent when mature, lateral veins 10-13 per side, slightly prominent abaxially, impressed adaxially, base broadly cuneate, margin serrate, apex acute or obtuse. Racemes in axils of current and fallen leaves, 2-4 cm; peduncles villous. Pedicel ca. 5 mm. Sepals 5, lanceolate, ca. 5 × 1.5 mm, both surfaces villous. Petals 5, ca. as long as sepals, laciniate to 1/2 their length, lower 1/2 villous. Stamens 25; anthers setose at apices. Ovary 5-loculed, densely tomentose; style ca. 5 mm. Drupe globose, 1.7-2 cm in diam., 5-loculed. Seed 1 per locule; endocarp hard, rugulose. Fl. Aug-Sep, fr. Sep-Nov.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 2.01 - 2.02
Mature height (meter) 27.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A tropical plant. It occurs in lowland secondary forest from India to Fiji. It grows in rainforests and along stream banks. It suits humid locations. They require well drained soil and need plenty of moisture. In the Cairns Botanical Gardens. In Nepal it grows between 600-1100 m altitude. It grows in hardiness zones 10-12. Adelaide Botanical Gardens. In Yunnan.
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Open places at elevations of 600-1,100 metres in Nepal. Broad-leaved mountain and valley rain forests at elevations of 400-1,300 metres. Common in secondary forest and persisting in mature regrowth.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The fleshy layer around the hard stone is edible, when ripe. The fruit are edible and attractive. An edible paste can be made from the fruit.
Uses environmental use food fuel gene source material medicinal social use timber wood
Edible fruits seeds
Therapeutic use Headache (unspecified), Epilepsy (unspecified), Splenomegaly (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seed. Seed only germinate irregularly. Cracking the hard seed coat or filing a hole helps seeds grow more quickly. Seeds have also been made grow better by fermenting them and by storing them in plastic bags. Plants can be grown from cuttings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 18 - 28
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Elaeocarpus angustifolius leaf picture by Alboss (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Elaeocarpus angustifolius world distribution map, present in Australia, Bangladesh, Brazil, China, Fiji, Indonesia, India, Cambodia, Myanmar, Malaysia, Nepal, Philippines, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Thailand, United States of America, Viet Nam, Vanuatu, Wallis and Futuna, and Samoa

Conservation status

Elaeocarpus angustifolius threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:833771-1
WFO ID wfo-0000664024
COL ID 38XHQ
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 629600
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Elaeocarpus dolichopetalus Elaeocarpus novoguineensis Elaeocarpus parkinsonii Elaeocarpus polyschistus Elaeocarpus sphaericus Elaeocarpus subglobosus Elaeocarpus baclayanensis Elaeocarpus crenatus Elaeocarpus cyanocarpus Elaeocarpus ganitrus Elaeocarpus grandis Elaeocarpus hebridarum Elaeocarpus maior Elaeocarpus muellerianus Elaeocarpus drymophilus Ganitrus sphaerica Elaeocarpus fauroensis Elaeocarpus angustifolius Elaeocarpus wenzelii