Eleocharis montana Roem. & Schult.

Mountain spikerush (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Cyperaceae > Eleocharis

Characteristics

Plants perennial, densely tufted or mat-forming; rhizomes mostly hidden by culms and roots, fairly long, 3 mm thick, hard, cortex persistent, longer internodes to 3 mm, scales persistent, ca. 8 mm, membranous, slightly fibrous. Culms terete, when dry with few to many blunt ridges, 10–70 cm × 0.5–2 mm, soft to firm, internally hollow with complete transverse septa 2–5 mm apart, usually evident externally except in narrowest culms. Leaves: distal leaf sheaths persistent, not splitting, proximally dark red, distally green or brown, slightly callose, papery, apex obtuse, tooth present, 0.3–1 mm. Spikelets ovoid, 6–21 × 3–4 mm, apex acute to obtuse; proximal scale amplexicaulous, entire; subproximal scale empty or with flower; floral scales appressed in fruit, 100–500+, (15–)30–40 per mm of rachilla, medium brown to colorless, midrib regions greenish to colorless, ovate, 1.5–2.5 × 1–1.5 mm, entire, apex rounded to subacute, carinate in distal part of spikelet. Flowers: perianth bristles 6–8, pale brown, medium stout, from less than 1/2 achene length to sometimes slightly exceeding tubercle, retrorsely spinulose; stamens 1; anthers dark yellow to brown, 0.6–1 mm; styles 3-fid or some 2-fid. Achenes falling with scales, dark green or medium brown, obovoid to obpyriform, biconvex or sometimes some compressed trigonous in same spikelet, lateral angles prominent, abaxial angle absent or evident, not prominent, 0.8–1.1 × 0.7–0.8 mm, neck short or absent, finely cancellate at 10–20X, sometimes finely rugulose, with 15 horizontal ridges in vertical series. Tubercles brown, pyramidal, mostly depressed, 0.2–0.35 × 0.2–0.4 mm.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.1 - 0.7
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Eleocharis montana world distribution map, present in Åland Islands, Belize, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Ecuador, Georgia, Guatemala, Honduras, Haiti, Jamaica, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Puerto Rico, Paraguay, Suriname, Uruguay, United States of America, and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:306962-1
WFO ID wfo-0000405247
COL ID 397H5
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 629608
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Eleogenus nodulosus Eleocharis montana Eleocharis subnodulosa Eleocharis mutata Eleocharis nodulosa Eleocharis vulcani Scirpus heteromorphus Scirpus montanus Eleocharis chrysocarpa Eleocharis consanguinea Scirpus nodulosus Trichophyllum nodulosum Eleocharis montana var. nodulosa Eleocharis nodulosa var. angulata Eleocharis nodulosa var. humilis Eleocharis nodulosa var. subnodulosa Eleocharis nodulosa var. tenuis Eleocharis nodulosa f. trigyna Eleocharis andesica