Eleocharis quinqueflora (Hartmann) O.Schwarz

Fewflower spikerush (en), Scirpe pauciflore (fr), Éléocharide à cinq fleurs (fr), Scirpe à cinq fleurs (fr), Éléocharis à cinq fleurs (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Cyperaceae > Eleocharis

Characteristics

Plants perennial; rhizomes 0.2–1 mm thick, scales persistent or fugaceous, 2–4(–7) mm, thinly membranous, not fibrous; resting buds often present on rhizomes or among culm bases, broadly to narrowly ovoid, 3–6(–10) × 2–5 mm; caudices absent, rarely present, soft or rarely hard, 0.5 mm thick. Culms erect, not spirally twisted, not contracted near spikelet, when dry usually with several blunt to acute ridges and sulcate, subterete to slightly compressed, to 2 times wider than thick, 5–35 cm × 0.2–0.5(–1.2) mm, soft to hard; culm tufts often proximally bulbous (if bulbous then tunicated by papery-fibrous scales). Leaves: distal leaf sheaths stramineous to brown or reddish proximally, green to stramineous or brown distally, membranous to papery, apex often reddish, subtruncate to acute. Spikelets 3–8 × 1.5–4 mm; proximal scale with a flower, seldom empty, 2–5 mm, 1/2 or more as long as spikelet; floral scales 3–10 per spikelet, 2.5–6 × 1.5–2.5 mm. Flowers: perianth bristles (0–)3–6, often unequal, rudimentary to equaling tubercle, stout to slender, spinules dense to apparently absent; anthers 1.5–2.7(–3.5) mm. Achenes stramineous to medium brown or gray-brown, equilaterally trigonous to compressed-trigonous, rarely some biconvex, obpyriform (to obovoid), 1.6–2.3 × 0.7–1.3 mm, beak variable. Tubercles rarely absent, 0.3–0.4 × 0.2–0.3 mm.
More
Perennials. Stolons ca. 1 mm thick. Culms erect, wavy, or rarely recurved, grayish green, tufted, 3-30 cm tall, ca. 0.5 mm thick, obtusely 5-angled. Leaf sheaths 1 or 2, reddish brown to brown, tubular, 1-4 cm, mouth truncate. Spikelet brownish, ovoid to globose, 4-7 mm, 2-7-flowered. Basalmost glume empty, ca. 1/2 as long to as long as spikelet, amplexicaul for whole spikelet base; fertile glumes brown to dark reddish brown, ovate-lanceolate, ca. 4.5 × 1.7 mm, margin broadly to narrowly hyaline, apex acute. Perianth bristles 0-6, of different lengths, usually ca. 1/2 as long as nutlet or rarely slightly longer, retrorsely spinulose. Stigmas 3. Nutlet yellowish gray, obovoid, 1.9-2.5 × ca. 1 mm, plano-convex, appearing smooth but finely cellular reticulate, apex not constricted; persistent style base not inflated, subconic to 3-angled-subulate, 1/5-1/4 as long as nutlet. Fl. and fr. Jun-Jul.
A herb. It keeps growing from year to year.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality
Pollination anemogamy
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.04 - 0.3
Root system fibrous-root rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. In Argentina it grows between 2,200-4,000 m above sea level.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-9

Usage

The tubers are eaten.
Uses -
Edible roots tubers
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Eleocharis quinqueflora leaf picture by Julia Henning (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Eleocharis quinqueflora world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Belarus, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Canada, Switzerland, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Egypt, Spain, Finland, France, Micronesia (Federated States of), Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iraq, Iceland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Morocco, Montenegro, Malaysia, Netherlands, Norway, Nepal, Pakistan, Poland, Russian Federation, Sweden, Turks and Caicos Islands, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United States of America, and Uzbekistan

Conservation status

Eleocharis quinqueflora threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:307064-1
WFO ID wfo-0000405846
COL ID 397LH
BDTFX ID 23740
INPN ID 95927
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Baeothryon halleri Cyperus pauciflorus Eleocharis meridionalis Eleocharis pauciflora Eleocharis quinqueflora Eleocharis vierhapperi Scirpus quinqueflorus Eleocharis baeothryon Eleocharis baeothryon Trichophorum pauciflorum Eleocharis atacamensis Eleocharis czernjajevi Eleocharis fernaldii Eleocharis obscura Isolepis andina Limnochloa baeothryon Scirpus campestris Scirpus cespitosus Scirpus sepium Scirpus graecus Trichophorum vierhapperi Clavula boeotryon Scirpus pauciflorus Scirpus baeothryon Scirpus halleri Limnochloa pauciflora Baeothryon pauciflorum Scirpus atacamensis Eleocharis pauciflora var. fernaldii Eleocharis quinqueflora subsp. meridionalis Eleocharis quinqueflora subsp. fernaldii Scirpus pauciflorus var. fernaldii Scirpus pauciflorus var. campestris Eleocharis quinqueflora var. meridionalis