Emilia sonchifolia (L.) Dc.

Lilac tasselflower (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Asteraceae > Emilia

Characteristics

Erect to weakly spreading herb, (10-)30-50 cm tall, mostly glabrous or with sparsely scattered, inconspicuous multicellular hairs; taproot present, but some-times overgrown by active lateral fibrous roots. Leaves alternate, evenly distrib-uted along the stem, the lower and middle cauline leaves ovate to oblanceolate in outline, often tapering to a weakly distinct petiole, the margins crenate to deeply and sharply lyrate-lobed, the lobes callose-tipped, overall 5-12 cm long, 1.5-4.5 cm wide, about 3 times longer than wide, the upper leaves similar and smaller, sessile to amplexicaul, the uppermost reduced to linear, subentire clasping bracts. Inflorescence of 1 to several, loose, corymbiform cymes of 4-10 heads, arising terminally or laterally in the axils of the upper leaves. Heads discoid, turbinate to weakly campanulate in aging individuals, relatively long and thin, 3-4 times taller than wide-,the florets little exserted beyond the involucre; involucral bracts ca. 8, linear, 7-12 mm long, weakly connate along the margins, especially in young heads; receptacle naked, flat or convex, the carpopodia prominent after mature achenes have been shed; florets 10-20, the corolla lavender-pink to light purple or white, sometimes tinged reddish but not orange, the style branches terminated in a small tuft of hairs of the same color as the corolla. Achene brown to reddish brown, columnar to narrowly rapiform, 3-4 mm long, with short white hirsute bristles on the 10 prominent ribs; pappus of abundant white capillary hairs. Chromosome number n = 5.
More
Herbs, annual; root vertical. Stems erect or ascending, gray-green, 25-40 cm tall, rather curved, usually branching from base, glabrous or sparsely pilose. Leaves thick, lower leaves crowded, abaxially dark green, often becoming purple, lyrate-pinnatilobed, 5-10 × 2.5-6.5 cm; terminal lobe large, broadly ovate-triangular, margin irregularly dentate, apex obtuse or subrounded; lateral lobes usually paired, oblong or oblong-lanceolate, both surfaces crisped-hairy, margin shallowly and bluntly dentate, apex obtuse or acute. Median stem leaves lax, sessile, smaller, ovate-lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, basally hastately semiamplexicaul, margin entire or irregularly denticulate, apically acute; upper leaves few, linear. Capitula pendulous before anthesis, erect later, usually 2-5, in terminal lax corymbs; peduncles 2.5-5 cm, slender, not bracteate. Involucres cylindric, 6-12 × 1.5-4 mm; phyllaries 8 or 9, yellow-green, oblong-linear or linear, nearly equaling florets, glabrous, margin narrowly scarious, apically acuminate. Florets pink or purplish; corolla ca. 9 mm, with slender tube and dilated limb, deeply 5-lobed. Achenes cylindric, 3-4 mm, puberulent between ribs, 5-ribbed. Pappus of capillary-like bristles, snow white, ca. 8 mm. Fl. Jul-Oct. 2n = 10, 20.
Annuals to c. 0.5 m high; stems and leaves sparsely hairy, becoming glabrous. Leaves to c. 8 cm long, with l:w ratio c. 2–4, undivided or sometimes lobate to pinnatisect, sometimes petiole-like with lamina much broader distally; margin dentate; upper-stem leaves becoming lanceolate, auriculate. Inflorescences of 1–several capitula; mature peduncle to c. 80 mm long, ecalyculate; involucre 7–12 mm long, 2–4 mm diam.; bracts c. 6–8; stereome flat, with 3–5 resin ducts, with a few coarse hairs or glabrous; receptacular pits not or very slightly raised. Florets c. 30; corolla 6–10 mm long, slightly shorter than, equal to, or exceeding involucre by up to 2.5 mm; base c. 0.3 mm diam.; limb 1/3–2/5 of total length, narrowly obconical, pink; style branch appendage purple. Achenes narrowly obloid, 2.2–3.8 mm long, with 5 broad ±flat ribs, brown or straw-coloured, with scattered hairs in grooves. Pappus 5–8 mm long; bristles minutely scabrid-barbellate.
Plants 20–80 cm, glabrous or ± villous. Stems 1, erect or somewhat lax, simple or branched. Leaves mostly in proximal 1 / 2 ; usually petiolate; blades ovate to obovate or oblanceolate, mostly 5–12 × 1.5–4.5 cm (distal smaller, bractlike), margins often deeply lobed to lyrate-pinnatifid. Involucres urceolate to campanulate, 9–12 mm, relatively slender, lengths mostly 3–4 times diams. Phyllaries usually 8. Florets 15–30[–40], surpassing involucres by 0–1(–2) mm; corollas usually lavender, pinkish, or purplish, rarely reddish, lobes 0.5–0.7[–1.5] mm; style appendages 0–0.1 mm. 2n = 10.
An erect or sometimes straggling, smooth or slightly hairy plant. It is about 10 to 40 cm high. The stems are slender. The leaves are somewhat fleshy and the lower ones lobed. The leaves are often clustered towards the base of the plant. They are 5 to 10 cm long and 1-5 cm wide. The flowering heads are purple. They are in loose branched arrangements. The flower stalk is 3-7 cm long. There are about 30 flowers.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.4 - 0.5
Root system fibrous-root tap-root
Rooting depth (meter) 1.5
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

A tropical plant. It grows in warmer places. It occurs in the Philippines from Luzon to Basilan in open grassland and waste places. Plants are damaged by frost. It suits well drained soils and sunny positions. In Nepal and Java it grows to 1700 m altitude. It suits hardiness zones 9-11. In Sichuan and Yunnan.
More
Waste ground in C. and S. Japan. Moist areas and uncultivated ground at elevations up to 1.700 metres in Nepal. A very common weed of field crops, occurring at elevations between sea level and 3,000 metres.
Waste ground in C. and S. Japan. Moist areas and uncultivated ground at elevations up to 1700 metres in Nepal.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 3-5
Soil texture 3-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-11

Usage

The young leaves are cooked and eaten as a vegetable. They can also be eaten raw. They are eaten before the plant starts flowering. They are also used in soups. The young unopened flowers can also be eaten.
Uses environmental use food gene source medicinal social use
Edible flowers leaves shoots
Therapeutic use Anti-bacterial agents (aerial part), Anti-infective agents (aerial part), Antineoplastic agents (aerial part), Antioxidants (aerial part), Anemia (fruit), Diabetes mellitus (fruit), Diarrhea (fruit), Dysentery (fruit), Erysipelas (fruit), Hemorrhoids (fruit), Laxatives (fruit), Leprosy (fruit), Urination disorders (fruit), Vomiting (fruit), Abscess (leaf), Anti-inflammatory agents (leaf), Antioxidants (leaf), Antipyretics (leaf), Asthma (leaf), Burns (leaf), Common cold (leaf), Earache (leaf), Endophthalmitis (leaf), Eye diseases (leaf), Eye pain (leaf), Furunculosis (leaf), Gangrene (leaf), Headache (leaf), Inflammation (leaf), Liver diseases (leaf), Night blindness (leaf), Otitis (leaf), Tonsillitis (leaf), Toothache (leaf), Wounds and injuries (leaf), Cataract (root), Diarrhea (root), Eye diseases (root), Gangrene (root), Inflammatory bowel diseases (root), Malaria (root), Pneumonia (root), Stomach diseases (root), Syphilis (root), Wounds and injuries (root), Asthma (seed), Bronchitis (seed), Fever (seed), Gastrointestinal diseases (seed), Leukorrhea (seed), Abscess (unspecified), Alexiteric (unspecified), Cough (unspecified), Diarrhea (unspecified), Dysentery (unspecified), Enteritis (unspecified), Eye (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Laryngitis (unspecified), Leukemia (unspecified), Lymphoma (unspecified), Night-Blindness (unspecified), Ophthalmia (unspecified), Otitis (unspecified), Pharyngitis (unspecified), Phthisis (unspecified), Refrigerant (unspecified), Sore(Throat) (unspecified), Sudorific (unspecified), Trauma (unspecified), Tumor (unspecified), Tympanitis (unspecified), Wound (unspecified), Bite(Snake) (unspecified), Ear (unspecified), Flu (unspecified), Boil (unspecified), Cold (unspecified), Earache (unspecified), Swelling (unspecified), Diuretic (unspecified), Sore (unspecified), Abortifacient agents (unspecified), Anti-infective agents, local (unspecified), Antipyretics (unspecified), Asthma (unspecified), Astringents (unspecified), Cataract (unspecified), Chest pain (unspecified), Common cold (unspecified), Conjunctivitis (unspecified), Dermatologic agents (unspecified), Disorder of ejaculation (unspecified), Endophthalmitis (unspecified), Enterobius (unspecified), Eye diseases (unspecified), Gonorrhea (unspecified), Hypohidrosis (unspecified), Inflammation (unspecified), Inflammatory bowel diseases (unspecified), Leukorrhea (unspecified), Liver diseases (unspecified), Menstruation disturbances (unspecified), Neck pain (unspecified), Night blindness (unspecified), Otitis media (unspecified), Otitis media, suppurative (unspecified), Pain (unspecified), Stomach diseases (unspecified), Tympanic membrane (unspecified), Wound healing (unspecified), Wounds and injuries (unspecified), Xerostomia (unspecified), Cooling effect on body (unspecified), Antineoplastic agents (whole plant), Common cold (whole plant), Inflammation (whole plant), Liver diseases (whole plant), Otorrhea (whole plant)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seed. Seed are sown where they are to grow. Plants can be transplanted when small.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 8 - 15
Germination temperacture (C°) 21
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 20 - 30
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Emilia sonchifolia habit picture by Steve FAAEVA (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Emilia sonchifolia leaf picture by Phuong Nguyen (cc-by-sa)
Emilia sonchifolia leaf picture by Rob Newell (cc-by-sa)
Emilia sonchifolia leaf picture by Frederick Henderson (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Emilia sonchifolia flower picture by Nagulapalli .T.V.Gurumurthy (cc-by-sa)
Emilia sonchifolia flower picture by William Wattles (cc-by-sa)
Emilia sonchifolia flower picture by Rob Newell (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Emilia sonchifolia fruit picture by Steve FAAEVA (cc-by-sa)
Emilia sonchifolia fruit picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)

Distribution

Emilia sonchifolia world distribution map, present in Australia, Brazil, China, India, Panama, United States of America, and Viet Nam

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:203080-1
WFO ID wfo-0000017704
COL ID 39GXP
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 708072
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Emilia rigidula Gynura ecalyculata Emilia mucronata Emilia sinica Emilia purpurea Cacalia sonchifolia Senecio ecalyculatus Senecio rapae Emilia scabra Cacalia prenanthoides Cacalia glabra Senecio sonchifolius Emilia sonchifolia var. scabra Emilia sonchifolia var. sonchifolia Senecio sonchifolius var. sonchifolius Senecio sonchifolius var. bogorensis Emilia sonchifolia var. typica Crassocephalum sonchifolium Emilia sonchifolia

Lower taxons

Emilia sonchifolia var. lanceolata