Eriocaulon cinereum R.Br.

Ashy pipewort (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Eriocaulaceae > Eriocaulon

Characteristics

Herbs, annual or short-lived perennial, 15--30 cm. Leaves linear-attenuate, to 10 cm, apex subulate-filiform. Inflorescences: scape sheaths shorter than principal leaves, loose; scapes filiform, 0.5 mm wide, 6--8-ribbed; mature head silvery-gray, ovoid to nearly globose, 4--5 mm wide, soft; receptacle sparsely pilose, hairs translucent; involucral bracts spreading-ascending, not obscured by bracteoles and flowers of mature heads, pale, ovate to oblong, oblanceolate or broadly obovate, grading narrower inward, 2 mm, margins often lacerate or erose, apex acute, glabrous; receptacular bracts pale except for gray midzone, linear-oblong, 2 mm, margins erose or entire, apex acute, glabrous. Staminate flowers: sepals 3, dark, either deeply and narrowly lobed or broadly spatulate, 3-dentate, 1.5 mm, distally with scattered white, linear, short hairs; androphore flaring; petals 3, oblong, apex with white, tapering hairs; stamens 6; anthers yellow. Pistillate flowers: sepals 3, 2 linear-elliptic, 1 broadly elliptic-oblanceolate, concave, 1.5 mm, apex acute, sometimes with few translucent hairs; gynophore 1 mm with 3 spreading, peglike, minute appendages; pistil 3-carpellate. Seeds pale brown, ovoid or broadly ellipsoid, 4.5 mm, finely reticulate, alveolae horizontally rectangular.
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Herb 2.5–18 (–23) cm high. Leaves filiform to linear, 2–9 cm long, 0.16–2 mm wide, 3-or 4-nerved. Peduncle 2.5–16 cm long (rarely to 23 cm). Sheath 6–25 mm long. Flower heads ovoid to hemispherical, 1–3.5 (–4.5) mm long, 1.5–4.5 (–6) mm wide. Involucral bracts hyaline, obovate to narrowly elliptic, 0.8–2.25 mm long, 0.3–1 mm wide, obtuse, glabrous, not reflexed at maturity. Floral bracts hyaline or black, elliptic to narrowly lanceolate, 0.9–2.25 mm long, 0.225–0.6 mm wide, acute, glabrous. Receptacle sparsely hairy. Male flowers: sepals 3, fused but split on one side to form a spathe which is often shallowly to deeply 3-lobed, black, 0.65–1.6 mm long, 0.23–0.5 mm wide, acute to obtuse, glabrous or with white or hyaline hairs in apical fringe; petals 3, hyaline, equal, triangular, acute, pubescent with apical fringe of white hairs; stamens 6; anthers yellow. Female flowers: sepals 2 or 3, hyaline or black, equal or sometimes one slightly different in size, linear, lacking dorsal keel or wing, 0.5–1.4 mm long, c. 0.03 mm wide, acuminate, pubescent with marginal hyaline hairs or glabrous; petals absent; ovary 3-locular. Seeds 0.22–0.43 mm long, 0.15–0.3 mm wide, smooth, lacking sculpturing or epidermal cell outline only faintly visible.
Small tufted annual.. Leaves narrowly linear to acicular, setaceous-tipped, forming a neat dense cluster, 1–3 cm. long, 0.2–2 mm. wide, fenestrate.. Scapes slender, straight, often numerous, 4–13 cm. high, 5-ribbed; sheaths ± equalling the leaves, subinflated, the mouth scarious, shortly obliquely slit.. Capitulum globose to ovoid, 2–4 mm. diameter, grey-and straw-coloured or becoming darker, the bracts very loosely erect; involucral bracts as long as the capitulum, obovate-oblong, rounded becoming lacerate, ascending, pallid, scarious becoming tougher downwards; floral bracts lanceolate-oblong, thinly scarious, pale with a dark central band or sometimes blackish, glabrous or a few inner lightly keeled with fine sparse hairs on the keel; receptacle thinly pilose; flowers trimerous, pedicellate.. Male flowers: sepals connate into a spathe with tridentate tip, dark grey, glabrous; petals included within the calyx, tiny; anthers white, 0.1 mm.long.. Female flowers much reduced and consisting mostly of the gynoecium: sepals 3, 2 or absent, filiform, caducous; petals absent, their position indicated by a node on the ovary stipe.. Seeds 0.3 mm. long, light brown, glossy, faintly reticulate.
Leaves narrowly linear, 2--5(--8) cm, 0.8--1(--1.7) mm wide at middle, glabrous, veins 3(--5). Scapes 6--30, 6--9(--19) cm, 4--6-ribbed; sheath 1.5--2(--3.5) cm; receptacle villous, occasionally glabrous; heads light yellow to dark green, subglobose to broadly ovoid, ca. 4 × 3--3.5 mm; involucral bracts pale green-yellow to blackish, obovate to elliptic, 0.9--1.9 × 1--1.4 mm, membranous, glabrous; floral bracts oblong to oblanceolate, glabrous or occasionally abaxially villous. Male flowers: sepals spathelike, 1.3--1.9 mm, glabrous or abaxially hairy toward 3-cleft apex; petals 3, ovate to oblong, anterior one slightly larger than others, shortly hairy at apex, gland black or brown; anthers white to dusky. Female flowers: sepals 2 or 3, blackish, free, linear, sparsely villous abaxially and at margin, posterior one absent or to 1 mm, lateral ones 1--1.7 mm; petals absent; ovary 3-loculed; style 3-cleft. Seeds ovoid, 0.4--0.5 mm; testa hexagonally reticulate, prickles absent. Fl. and fr. Jun--Oct.
Capitula small, about 2·4-3 mm. diam., brownish or fuscescent.
Scapes slender, usually less than 4 in. high
Leaves numerous, setaceous
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support aquatic free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.11 - 0.13
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Margins of seasonal swamps, seepage areas and streams, rocky creek beds, margins of pools and lagoons, Melaleuca woodland, typically in sandy soil but rarely recorded growing in heavy soil.
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Rice fields at elevations of 1700-2000 metres. Damp shady places. Rice fields, valleys, and damp soils from near sea level to 1200 metres.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use Diuretic (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Vision (unspecified), Antiphlogistic (unspecified), Ophthalmia (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Eriocaulon cinereum unspecified picture

Distribution

Eriocaulon cinereum world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Angola, Australia, Bangladesh, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Botswana, China, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Mali, Myanmar, Namibia, Nigeria, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Senegal, Chad, Togo, Thailand, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, United States of America, Uzbekistan, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Viet Nam, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Eriocaulon cinereum threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335192-1
WFO ID wfo-0000409845
COL ID 3B2RC
BDTFX ID 84620
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Eriocaulon cinereum Eriocaulon formosanum Eriocaulon reductum Eriocaulon ciliiflorum Eriocaulon heteranthum Eriocaulon heudelotii Eriocaulon sieboldianum Eriocaulon steinbachii Eriocaulon taiwanianum Paepalanthus steinbachii Leucocephala spathacea Eriocaulon cinereum var. sieboldianum Eriocaulon amboense Eriocaulon stuhlmannii