Eriocaulon maculatum Schinz

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Eriocaulaceae > Eriocaulon

Characteristics

Tufted annual. Leaves linear, 0.5-1.5 cm long, 1-2 mm wide, rather abruptly acute with sharply pointed tips. Scapes 1 to ±20, 3-16 cm long, 0.5-0.8 mm in diameter, straight, 4-ribbed; sheaths ± equalling the leaves, shortly obliquely split into 2 or 3 lobes. Heads ± spherical to dome-shaped, 3-5 mm in diameter, brown-grey; receptacle cylindrical, with many long, silky hairs. Involucral bracts as wide as the head, obovate, boat-or cup-shaped with rounded to sharply pointed tips, ±3 mm long, pinkish-brown with paler margins, glabrous, scarious, reflexing at maturity. Floral bracts oblanceolate to spatulate, ±3 mm long, glabrous, scarious, subacute, pinkish-brown. Flowers 1-1.5 mm long. Male flowers: sepals 3, very unequal, united below, funnel-shaped, ±3 mm long, the margin somewhat rough, glabrous; petals 3, included within the sepals, minute; anthers ±0.2 mm long, black. Female flowers: sepals 3, very unequal, the two lateral ones deeply boatlike, ±2 mm long, the keel inflated with a pale, thick spongy wing surrounding a thinner blackish central patch, the margins flaring outwards with a few transparent hairs inside, the median sepal linear as long as or shorter than the other two petals or sometimes rudimentary; petals 3, linear-oblanceolate, glabrous and without glands, two of them ±2.5 mm long, the third slightly larger. Seeds ovoid, 0.35 mm long, glossy, reddish-brown with a white net-like pattern; seed coat cells transversely elongate, aligned in vertical rows, with white, transverse, fringed ridges; the ridges with 1-4 appendages on the transverse walls.
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Small rosulate annual.. Leaves linear, 0.5–1.5 cm. long, 1–2 mm. wide, minutely papillose, apiculate.. Scapes up to ± 20, straight, 3–12 cm. high, 4-ribbed; sheaths equalling the leaves and similarly papillose, loose, the mouth 2–3-fid.. Capitulum globose to slightly dome-shaped, 3–4 mm. diameter, brown-grey, floral bracts loose with the darker flowers visible between; involucral bracts as wide as the capitulum, pinkish brown with paler margins, scarious, obovate with rounded tips, reflexed at maturity; floral bracts resembling the involucral bracts in colour and texture, oblanceolate to spathulate, glabrous, subacute; receptacle cylindrical, villous; flowers trimerous, 1.0–1.5 mm. long, stipitate.. Male flowers infundibular: calyx spathate with a truncate-erose margin, glabrous; petals included within the calyx, tiny, glabrous and eglandular; anthers black.. Female flowers obtriangular: sepals very unequal, two deeply navicular, the keel gibbous with a pale, thick, spongy wing surrounding a thinner blackish central patch, margins flaring outwards with a few hyaline hairs inside, median sepal reduced, linear, sometimes as long as the other two but usually much shorter, sometimes vestigial; petals linear-oblanceolate, glabrous and eglandular, the median slightly larger.. Seeds ellipsoid, 0.35 mm. long, reddish brown with a white reticulate patterning, glossy.
Small annuals up to 100 mm tall. Leaves rosulate, linear, c. 15 mm long, 1-2 mm broad, apex acute, soft. Capitula usually several, oblong-globose, c. 5 mm in diam., pale to dark brown on erect, long, thin peduncles 100-160 mm long; involucral and floral bracts ovate, obtuse; receptacle cylindrical, with many long, silky hairs. Female flower: sepals 2, c. 2 mm long, lateral, boat-shaped with a broad curved keel consisting of large bulbous cells, with a dark central area, the sides rounded above, attenuated below, enveloping the ripe seed at maturity; petals 3, unequal, narrowly linear, exserted. Ovary on a stipe, 3-locular; style with 3 stigmas. Capsule 3-lobed; seeds ovoid, the testa transversely ribbed, the ribs white-fringed.
Small, annual herb, up to 100 mm tall. Leaves in basal rosettes. Anthers black. Petals with a glabrous margin. Sepals 2, boat-shaped with a convex, distended, papillate keel, protruding laterally from floral bract when in fruit.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention -
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.1
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity 3-7
Soil texture 5-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
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Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Eriocaulon maculatum world distribution map, present in Mozambique, Tanzania, United Republic of, South Africa, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335463-1
WFO ID wfo-0000411900
COL ID 3B32L
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Eriocaulon maculatum