Eriocaulon truncatum Buch.-ham. ex Mart.

Short pipe-wort (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Eriocaulaceae > Eriocaulon

Characteristics

Herb 2–11 cm high. Leaves lanceolate, 0.9–5.5 cm long, 1–6 mm wide, acute, 6–11-nerved. Peduncle 1–10.5 cm long, with 4–6 obscure ribs. Sheath 7–45 mm long. Flower heads hemispherical, 2–3.5 mm long, 3–5 mm wide. Involucral bracts hyaline to greyish, elliptic, 1.5–2.6 mm long, 0.9–1.3 mm wide, obtuse, glabrous, not reflexed at maturity. Floral bracts hyaline, spathulate, 1–1.68 mm long, 0.7–0.9 mm wide, obtuse, glabrous. Receptacle sparsely hairy to densely pilose, convex. Male flowers 0.9–1.5 mm long; sepals 2 or 3, fused but split on one side to form a spathe which is often deeply lobed with age, hyaline or black at apex, 1.1–1.3 mm long; 0.35–0.42 mm wide, truncate, or lobes acute, glabrous or pubescent with sparse white apical hairs; petals 3, hyaline, equal, narrow-triangular, obtuse, glabrous, or pubescent with sparse white apical hairs; stamens 6; anthers black. Female flowers: sepals 2 or 3, hyaline or black to greyish at apex, dimorphic if 3 sepals, narrow elliptic or navicular, 1–1.3 mm long, 0.1–0.14 mm wide, acute, glabrous or pubescent with sparse white hairs at apex; median sepal linear, c. 0.9 mm long, c. 0.07 mm wide, hyaline, glabrous; petals 3, hyaline, equal, narrowly spathulate to linear, 0.75–1.7 mm long, 0.14–0.3 mm wide, obtuse, glabrous or pubescent with sparse, short, hyaline hairs on margin and adaxially and with or without white hairs at apex; ovary 3-locular. Seeds ellipsoid;0.385–0.4 mm long, c. 0.25 mm wide; epidermal cell wall longitudinal thickenings white, prominent, thicker than transverse walls.
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Tufted annual.. Leaves linear to linear-lanceolate, up to 6 cm. long, 1.5–3 mm. wide, opaque, subacute and apiculate.. Scapes many, strict, stout, up to 15 cm. high, 5-ribbed; sheaths equalling the leaves, inflated, obliquely slit, the limb acuminate, often splitting and becoming bifid.. Capitulum crateriform, ± 5 mm. diameter, glistening white to yellowish grey; involucral bracts as wide as the capitulum, 2.5–2.7 mm. long, oblong with a rounded to obtusely triangular tip, shiny, scarious, pallid, spreading at maturity; floral bracts obovate, rounded, similar to the involucral bracts but usually shorter, glabrous; receptacle subglabrous to pilose.. Flowers with trimerous ovary, 1.5–1.8 mm. long, pallid throughout.. Male flowers: sepals 2, grey, oblong-spathulate, conduplicate, tips obtuse with a few white papillae; petals 3, tiny, glandular and white-papillose; anthers black.. Female flowers: sepals 2, resembling the male; petals and ovary usually raised on a stipe up to 0.4 mm. long; petals 3, narrowly oblanceolate, pilose on the inner face with spreading, septate, hyaline hairs, glandular and white-papillose at the tip.. Seeds ellipsoid, 0.5 mm. long, pale yellow to brownish yellow, longitudinally ribbed.
Leaves linear, 2.5--5(--6.5) cm, 2--4(--5) mm wide at middle, veins 8--11(--20). Scapes 5--10(--18) cm, (4 or)5(or 6)-ribbed; sheath 2--3.8 cm; receptacle glabrous or subglabrous to villous; heads straw-colored, subglobose to hemispheric, 2--3 × 2.5--5 mm; involucral bracts straw-colored, 2.5--4 × 0.7--1.8 mm, membranous, glabrous; floral bracts obovate to oblanceolate, hyaline, glabrous or sparsely hairy. Male flowers: sepals blackish, spathelike, 1--1.8 mm, glabrous or sparsely hairy at margin, apex 2-or 3-lobed; petals 3, each with a black gland or gland absent; anthers (5 or)6, black. Female flowers: sepals 2(or 3), blackish, free, usually glabrous, posterior one reduced; petals 3, villous adaxially and at margin, apex white clavate hairy; ovary 3-loculed; style 3-cleft. Seeds ovoid to subglobose, ca. 4 mm in diam.; testa hexagonally reticulate, cells longitudinally elongate or quadrangular with ribbonlike bands from longitudinal wall and a solitary, incomplete band from transverse wall. Fl. and fr. May--Dec.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.09 - 0.13
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Shallow tea tree swamps; depression in eucalypt forest; under Melaleuca near small stream; spring fed creek in sandstone. Also from disturbed habitats such as roadside drains beside cane farms and waterlogged sandy soil in lawn.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

Uses environmental use
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Eriocaulon truncatum world distribution map, present in Andorra, Australia, Bangladesh, China, Indonesia, Myanmar, Mozambique, Philippines, Thailand, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, and Viet Nam

Conservation status

Eriocaulon truncatum threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:335822-1
WFO ID wfo-0000414457
COL ID 3B3FF
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Eriocaulon merrillii Eriocaulon truncatum Eriocaulon nigrum var. suishaense Eriocaulon suishaense var. okinawense Eriocaulon truncatum var. disepala Eriocaulon truncatum var. malaccense Eriocaulon truncatum var. quadricostatum Eriocaulon sollyanum var. sumatranum Eriocaulon merrillii var. merrillii

Lower taxons

Eriocaulon truncatum var. truncatum Eriocaulon truncatum var. florensense