Erodium cicutarium (l.) l'hér. Rupr.

Common stork's-bill (en), Érodium à feuilles de ciguë (fr), Cicutaire (fr), Bec-de-grue (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Geraniales > Geraniaceae > Erodium l'hér.

Characteristics

Annual prostrate, rosulate to caulescent herb. Stems up to 0.5 m long, hirsute to hispid with glandular hairs. Leaves alternate, subopposite to opposite, sparsely to densely hirsute or hispid and with glandular hairs; petiole up to 150 mm long; stipules 2, ovate with apex acuminate, margin ciliate, pinkish to straw coloured; blade carrot-like 45-115 x 15-35 mm, pinnate, ovate to elliptic; pinnae pinnatifid to pinnate, but always divided for more than half-way to midrib, margin serrate to dentate. Inflorescence of up to 10 flowers, sparsely to densely hirsute or hispid and glandular; peduncles 17-20 mm long, reddish-purple; pedicels 5-7 mm long, reddish-purple; bracts 4-6, ovate, straw coloured to pinkish, scarious, fused or free. Sepals 4-7 x 1-3 mm, indumentum as on stem, apical mucro terete, 1-2 mm long. Petals 4-10 x 2-3 mm, purplish-pink to whitish. Stamens free; fertile stamens with filaments narrowly ovate and apex terete, 3-5 mm long; pollen striate interwoven to reticulate, polar diameter 61 p.m; staminodes subulate, 2-3 mm long. Ovary 1-2 mm long with terminal beak 1-2 mm long; style 0-1 mm long; stigmas 1-2 mm long, pinkish-purple. Mericarps: head 4-7 mm long, apical pit eglandular, furrow below pit absent, faint or distinct, tail 10-70 mm long. Seed 3-4 mm long. Flowering occurs throughout the year, but peaks in September/October in both the winter and summer rainfall areas.
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Annual, at first stemless, later usually with 1 or more hairy stems; plant extremely variable in size, from prostrate to c. 50 cm high and c. 75 cm wide, not musk-scented. Lvs to c. 15 cm long, pinnate, hairy, sometimes densely so, sometimes glandular; petiole longer in rosette and lower cauline lvs. Leaflets sessile, ovate, deeply and finely pinnately dissected with linear to lanceolate lobes, often densely covered in white hairs. Stipules triangular, often broad, membranous, ciliate, silvery; midrib green, forming an acute or mucronate apex. Umbels (2)-5-12-flowered; bracts broad-ovate, membranous, with green keeled midrib forming an acute to short-acuminate apex. Peduncles densely covered in glandular hairs, often > upper cauline lvs; pedicels ± = calyx at anthesis. Sepals (2.5)-3-5 mm long at anthesis, lanceolate, hirsute or glandular, mucronate. Petals 4-6 mm long, elliptic or oblong-elliptic, usually pink or mauve-pink, rarely white; claw short, hairy. Stamens c. 3 mm long; filaments widened at base, without lateral teeth, usually pinkish; anthers dark purple. Staminodes narrow-lanceolate. Fr. beak 3-3.5 cm long, with appressed hairs. Mericarps densely hirsute with hairs of differing lengths; apical pits eglandular, with a prominent shallow glabrous furrow beneath.
Annuals 10-15(-40) cm tall. Stems numerous, erect to decumbent. Stipules triangular-lanceolate, 2-6 mm. Leaves opposite or alternate; leaf blade triangular-lanceolate to oblong-lanceolate, 5-18 cm, pinnately divided to pinnately cleft, 5-12-lobed with basal ones more deeply incised, both surfaces appressed pilose. Pseudoumbels conspicuously longer than leaves, with (2 or)3-10 hermaphrodite flowers; peduncle with glandular and nonglandular trichomes. Pedicel 0.8-1.7 cm. Sepals ovate, 3-6 mm, glandular and hirsute, apex acute. Petals uniformly purple or 2 with a basal black spot, obovate, 5-12 mm. Mericarp 3-7 mm, with apical pit, with or without ridges or furrows; awn not plumose. Fl. Jun-Jul, fr. Jul-Oct. 2n = 20, 36, 40, 48, 54.
Winter-annual or biennial; stems at first anthesis very short, with the lvs mostly basal, later diffusely branched, to 4 dm; lvs elongate-oblanceolate, the principal ones pinnately compound with several sessile, ovate or oblong, deeply and irregularly cleft pinnae each 1–2.5 cm; infls long-peduncled, 2–8-fld, the pedicels 1–2 mm; sep 5–7 mm, mucronate or shortly awned; pet off-pink, 5–8 mm; anther-bearing filaments without teeth; fr 2–4 cm; 2n mostly = 40 in ours. Native of the Mediterranean region, now established as a common weed throughout most of the U.S. Apr.–Sept.
Annual, hairy herb, up to 0.5 m long. Stems procumbent. Stipules 2, ovate, apex acuminate, pinkish to straw-coloured. Leaves rosulate or caulescent, subopposite or opposite, petiolate; lamina carrot-like, ovate to elliptic, pinnate, pinnae pinnatifid, divided for more than half-way to midrib. Inflorescences up to 10-flowered; peduncles 17-20 mm long; pedicels 5-7 mm long. Petals purplish pink to whitish. Flowering time all year. Mericarps with eglandular apical pits, tail 10-70 mm long.
Annual herb; pubescent. Stems procumbent, up to 0.5 m long. Leaves rosulate and caulescent; compound; alternate or opposite; petiolate; blade ovate to elliptic, 45-115 x 15-35 mm, pinnate, pinnae deeply lobed, margins serrate to dentate; petioles up to 150 mm long. Flowers: in umbels with up to 10 flowers; peduncles 17-20 mm long, pedicels 5-7 mm long, reddish purple; fertile stamens 5, staminodes 5; petals 4-10 x 2-3 mm, purplish pink to whitish; Jan.-Dec. Fruit 4-7 mm long.
Annual herb, with prostrate, hispid to hirsute stems, up to 500 mm tall. Leaves ovate to elliptic, pinnate or often bipinnate, leaflets always divided for more than halfway to midrib. Flowers up to 10 per inflorescence, purplish pink to whitish. Year-round.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination
Spread autochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.3 - 0.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Sandy dunes, grassland, arable land, waste areas, roadsides, railway embankments etc, usually near the sea.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 2-6
Soil texture 4-5
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-11

Usage

Uses animal food dye food material medicinal poison vertebrate poison
Edible flowers leaves roots stems
Therapeutic use Sore(Throat) (unspecified), Stomatitis (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Erodium cicutarium (l.) l'hér. habit picture by Caroline CHANU (cc-by-sa)
Erodium cicutarium (l.) l'hér. habit picture by Radbout Timmer (cc-by-sa)
Erodium cicutarium (l.) l'hér. habit picture by Llandrich anna (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Erodium cicutarium (l.) l'hér. leaf picture by Ondřej Jokerrr83 (cc-by-sa)
Erodium cicutarium (l.) l'hér. leaf picture by Felix Ankenbrand (cc-by-sa)
Erodium cicutarium (l.) l'hér. leaf picture by Michel Bergen (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Erodium cicutarium (l.) l'hér. flower picture by Ondřej Jokerrr83 (cc-by-sa)
Erodium cicutarium (l.) l'hér. flower picture by Louis Aureglia (cc-by-sa)
Erodium cicutarium (l.) l'hér. flower picture by dick v leeuwen (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Erodium cicutarium (l.) l'hér. fruit picture by Cristian Zanella Cristian Zanella (cc-by-sa)
Erodium cicutarium (l.) l'hér. fruit picture by Carlo Poggio (cc-by-sa)
Erodium cicutarium (l.) l'hér. fruit picture by benoit T (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Erodium cicutarium (l.) l'hér. world distribution map, present in China, Denmark, France, Georgia, Mexico, New Zealand, Pakistan, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:372220-1
WFO ID wfo-0000676799
COL ID 3B8Z3
BDTFX ID 25064
INPN ID 96895
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Erodium albidum Erodium carneum Erodium chaerophyllum Erodium glutinosum Erodium immaculatum Erodium pallidiflorum Erodium parviflorum Erodium pentalobum Erodium praetermissum Erodium subalbidum Erodium tenuisectum Erodium verbenifolium Geranium arenicolum Geranium chaerophyllum Geranium pentandrum Erodium boraeanum Erodium danicum Erodium filicinum Erodium himalayanum Erodium hirsutum Erodium melanostigma Erodium petroselinum l'hér. ex Erodium pilosum Erodium pimpinellifolium Geranium cicutarium Geranium pimpinellifolium Erodium chaerophyllum Geranium pimpinellifolium Erodium triviale Erodium alsiniflorum Erodium arenarium Erodium cicutifolium Erodium commixtum Erodium dissectum Erodium atomarium Erodium cicutarium f. chaerophyllum Erodium millefolium Erodium minutiflorum Erodium moranense Erodium sabulicolum Geranium petroselinum l'hér. ex Erodium cicutarium var. arenicola Erodium cicutarium subsp. dunense Erodium cicutarium subsp. ontigolanum Erodium cicutarium var. triviale Erodium cicutarium subsp. zairae Erodium cicutarium var. immaculatum Myrrhina inodora Erodium cicutarium (l.) l'hér.