Erythronium dens-canis L.

Dogtooth-violet (en), Dent de chien (fr), Érythronium Dent-de-chien (fr), Érythrone dent-de-chien (fr), Érythronium dent-de-chien (fr), Dent-de-chien (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Liliales > Liliaceae > Erythronium

Characteristics

A bulb plant. It grows 10-15 cm high and spreads 8-10 cm wide. The corm is similar in shape to a dog's tooth. The leaves are blue-green and strongly mottled with brown. The flowers are nodding. They vary in colour from purplish pink to white. The centre is usually yellow with a ring of orange-brown marks. The flowers are 5 cm across.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread barochory myrmecochory
Mature width (meter) 0.09 - 0.1
Mature height (meter) 0.1 - 0.18
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It can tolerate dryness in the summer. It can grow in bright sun or light shade. It needs well drained soil. It suits hardiness zones 3-9.
More
Woods, scrub and mountain grassland, to 1700 metres.
Light 5-8
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 3-5
Soil acidity 2-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-7

Usage

The bulbs are dried and then boiled with milk or broth. They are also used for starch used in vermicelli and cakes. The leaves are eaten boiled.
Uses environmental use food material medicinal
Edible bulbs leaves roots
Therapeutic use Tumor (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

The corms are planted 8-10 cm deep and 15-20 cm apart. Plants can be propagated by division.
Mode divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 365
Germination temperacture (C°) 10 - 15
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -29
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Erythronium dens-canis habit picture by Collados Ana (cc-by-sa)
Erythronium dens-canis habit picture by Pietro Brignoli (cc-by-sa)
Erythronium dens-canis habit picture by Amandine Deligey (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Erythronium dens-canis leaf picture by Alenka Vesel (cc-by-sa)
Erythronium dens-canis leaf picture by Jani Zadrgal (cc-by-sa)
Erythronium dens-canis leaf picture by Jani Zadrgal (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Erythronium dens-canis flower picture by franco (cc-by-sa)
Erythronium dens-canis flower picture by Alenka Vesel (cc-by-sa)
Erythronium dens-canis flower picture by Marchiori Carlo (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Erythronium dens-canis fruit picture by Hugo SANTACREU (cc-by-sa)
Erythronium dens-canis fruit picture by Arceo Gontxu (cc-by-sa)
Erythronium dens-canis fruit picture by Susana López (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Erythronium dens-canis world distribution map, present in Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Spain, France, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Portugal, Romania, and Ukraine

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:534921-1
WFO ID wfo-0000766912
COL ID 3BFFB
BDTFX ID 25636
INPN ID 97325
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Erythronium bifidum Erythronium bulbosum Erythronium latifolium Erythronium vernale Erythronium niveum Erythronium caninum Erythronium longifolium Erythronium maculatum Erythronium maculosum Erythronium obtusiflorum Erythronium ovatifolium Erythronium dens-canis subsp. albiflorum Erythronium dens-canis var. niveum Erythronium dens-canis var. tetragonum Erythronium niveum var. pedemontanum Erythronium dens-canis var. purpureum Erythronium dens-canis var. roseum Erythronium dens-canis