Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh.

River redgum (en), Gommier des rivières (fr), Eucalyptus de Camaldoli (fr), Gommier rouge (fr), Gommier de Camaldoli (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Myrtales > Myrtaceae > Eucalyptus l'hér.

Characteristics

Trees, to 25 m tall. Bark dark gray, white, brown, or red, smooth, exfoliating. Branches sometimes pendulous, terete, youngest parts ridged. Young leaves opposite; leaf blade broadly lanceolate, 6-9 × 2.5-4 cm. Mature leaves with a slender 1.5-2.5 cm petiole; leaf blade narrowly lanceolate to lanceolate, 6-30 × 1-2 cm, slightly twisted, thinly leathery, both surfaces with small black glands, secondary veins at an angle of ca. 45° from midvein, intramarginal veins ca. 0.7 mm from margin. Inflorescences axillary, simple, umbels 5-11-flowered; peduncle 1-1.5 cm, slender, terete. Flower buds ovoid, 5-8 mm. Hypanthium semiglobose, ca. 3 mm; stipe 3-12 mm; calyptra hemispheric, rostrate to obtusely conic, 5-7 mm, apically constricted, apex obtuse, acute, or acuminate and beaked or not. Stamens 5-7 mm; anthers elliptic, dehiscing longitudinally. Capsule subglobose, 5-6 mm in diam.; disk broad; valves (3 or)4(or 5), exserted from hypanthium. Fl. Dec-Aug.
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Tree commonly to 20 m high, occasionally to 45 m. Bark smooth throughout, white, grey, brown or red. Juvenile leaves ovate to broadly lanceolate, green, grey-green or blue-green, slightly discolorous. Adult leaves lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, acuminate, moderately thick; lamina 8–30 cm long, 0.7–2 cm wide, green or grey-green; lateral veins at 40°–50°; intramarginal vein up to 2 mm from margin; petiole terete or channelled, 12–15 mm long. Umbels 7–11-flowered; peduncle slender, terete or quadrangular, 6–15 mm long; pedicels slender, 5–12 mm long. Buds globular-rostrate or ovoid-conical; operculum hemispherical, rostrate or conical, obtuse, 4–6 mm long, 3–6 mm wide; hypanthium hemispherical, 2–3 mm long, 3–6 mm wide. Fruits hemispherical or ovoid, 5–8 mm long and wide; disc broad, ascending; valves 3–5. Seeds yellow. [For more recent description see subspecies profiles-Editor]
Tree 20(–45) m tall with smooth bark.. Juvenile leaves ovate to broadly lanceolate; adult lanceolate, 8–30 cm long, 0.7–2 cm wide; petiole terete or channelled, 1.2–1.5 cm long.. Umbels 7–11-flowered; peduncle slender, terete or quadrangular, 0.6–1.5[2.5] cm long; pedicels slender, 0.5–1.2[1.4] cm long.. Buds globular-rostrate or ovoid-conical; operculum hemispherical and rostrate to conical and obtuse, 4–6 mm long, 3–6 mm wide.. Calyx-tube hemispherical, 2–3 mm long, 3–6 mm wide.. Fruits hemispherical or ovoid, [4]5–8 mm long and wide with broad ascending disc and 3–5 exserted valves; seed yellow, smooth.. Fig. 5/7, p. 30 & 11/1–2, p. 51.
Evergreen tree, 18-40 m high, with a spreading crown. Bark shed in various pieces from entire length of trunk, leaving a smooth or granular texture on under layer, white or grey, mottled, streaked with red, sometimes with rough, reddish brown or black bark accumulating at base of trunk. Leaves alternate or opposite; drooping; petioles and twigs red; blade narrowly ovate, 120-220 mm long, apex acute, margins entire, concolorous, distinctly veined. Flowers: in simple umbels; buds conical, ovoid or beaked, 6-9 mm long; stamens exserted; perianth dull yellow; Sep.-Jan. Fruit a capsule with a prominent rim and protruding valves.
Tall tree. Bark on upper part of bole smooth, dull white or ash-coloured, deciduous in long strips, at base of bole rough, blackish, exuding gum, flaking in plates c. 3-5 cm in diam. Leaves up to 25 x 1.5 cm narrowly lanceolate, falcate, apex narrowly acute. Umbels axillary, 5-10-flowered; peduncles 1-1.5 cm long, terete; pedicels 0.5-0.7 cm long, slender, longer than and sharply differentiated from the receptacle tube; flower-buds c. 0.8 x 0.5 cm subglobose and rostrate; operculum markedly rostrate, 1.5-2 times as long as the receptacle. Fruit c. 0.7 x 0.7 cm subglobose; valves usually 4, strongly exserted.
Evergreen tree, 18-40 m high, with a spreading crown, smooth, mottled, white or grey bark, often tinged red in very cold localities. Leaves pale, dull green; adult leaves 120-220 mm long, narrow, pendulous; juvenile leaves smaller and broader; twigs and petioles red. Flowers cream-coloured with long-exserted stamens, buds conical, eggshaped, or beaked, up to 10 mm long. Flowering time Sept.-Jan. (all year). Fruit a brown to reddish brown capsule, 7-8 mm long, with prominent rims and protruding triangular valves.
A graceful tree 10-20 m high. It can be 45 m tall. It spreads 15-35 m wide. The bark is grey and white. The small branches hang down. The leaves are smooth, narrow and sword shaped. They are 10-25 cm long by 1-3.5 cm wide. They are grey-green. They have a long pointed tip. The fruit are small cup shaped woody capsules. They are 0.5 cm across.
Umbels axillary, 5–10-flowered; peduncles 1–1·5 cm. long, terete; pedicels 0·5–0·7 cm. long, slender, longer than and sharply differentiated from the receptacle tube; flower-buds c. 0·8 x 0·5 cm., subglobose and rostrate; operculum markedly rostrate, 1·5–2 times as long as the receptacle.
Bark on upper part of bole smooth, dull white or ash-coloured, deciduous in long strips, at base of bole rough, blackish, exuding gum, flaking in plates c. 3–5 cm. in diam.
Leaves up to 25 x 1·5 cm., narrowly lanceolate, falcate, apex narrowly acute.
Fruit c. 0·7 x 0·7 cm., subglobose; valves usually 4, strongly exserted.
Tall tree.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) 17.5 - 27.5
Mature height (meter) 22.5 - 30.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 3.1
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It grows in temperate regions but can also grow in the tropics. It can grow in arid or semiarid locations. It grows along the banks of rivers. It can stand heavy frosts. It needs well drained soils but they can be wet or dry. It can tolerate salty soil. It can grow in arid places. In Melbourne Botanical Gardens. It suits hardiness zones 9-12.
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Sandy to heavy soils, usually along the banks of streams. A dominant species in grassy woodland or forest on deep rich alluvial soils adjacent to large permanent water bodies.
Sandy to heavy soils, usually along the banks of streams. A dominant species in grassy woodland or forest on deep rich alluvial soils adjacent to large permanent water bodies.
Grows along and near watercourses, whether of permanent or intermittent flow, sometimes extending to hills or ranges, usually in open forest and woodland.
Light 6-8
Soil humidity 4-9
Soil texture 2-6
Soil acidity 3-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-11

Usage

The wood is hard and durable and has been used for many purposes, including railway sleepers, flooring, fencing, plywood, veneer, turnery and firewood. The trees are good producers of pollen and nectar for honey, and the honey is first grade.
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The seeds have been reported to have been eaten. A white sugary scale insect secretion on the leaves is eaten, in Australia. Grubs in the trunks and branches are also eaten. A lerp scale (Psylla eucalypti) is eaten in Australia.
Uses animal food bee plant charcoal dye environmental use essential oil food fuel gum invertebrate food material medicinal ornamental poison timber wood
Edible leaves nectars seeds
Therapeutic use Common cold (leaf), Headache (leaf), Insecticides (leaf), Astringents (plant exudate), Diarrhea (plant exudate), Hemorrhage (plant exudate), Laryngeal diseases (plant exudate), Pharyngitis (plant exudate), Wounds and injuries (plant exudate), Hemagglutination (seed), Anesthetic (unspecified), Antiseptic (unspecified), Astringent (unspecified), Colic (unspecified), Diarrhea (unspecified), Disinfectant (unspecified), Dysentery (unspecified), Spasm (unspecified), Tonic (unspecified), Cough (unspecified), Hemorrhage (unspecified), Laryngalgia (unspecified), Throat (unspecified), Trachalgia (unspecified), Wound (unspecified), Cold (unspecified), Laryngitis (unspecified), Pharyngitis (unspecified), Anti-bacterial agents (unspecified), Antifungal agents (unspecified), Skin diseases (unspecified), Anti-bacterial agents (whole plant), Dysentery (whole plant)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seed.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -7
Optimum temperature (C°) 12 - 28
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Eucalyptus camaldulensis habit picture by Maarten Vanhove (cc-by-sa)
Eucalyptus camaldulensis habit picture by Raffaella D'Ambra (cc-by-sa)
Eucalyptus camaldulensis habit picture by Nausher Cholavaram (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaf picture by eric taillard (cc-by-sa)
Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaf picture by Christian Moore Anderson (cc-by-sa)
Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaf picture by cosimo (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Eucalyptus camaldulensis flower picture by Jim Mercier (cc-by-sa)
Eucalyptus camaldulensis flower picture by Benjanin Crowther (cc-by-sa)
Eucalyptus camaldulensis flower picture by Jesse Jarvis (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Eucalyptus camaldulensis fruit picture by Cue Fran (cc-by-sa)
Eucalyptus camaldulensis fruit picture by Maarten Vanhove (cc-by-sa)
Eucalyptus camaldulensis fruit picture by Pierre Gardey (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Eucalyptus camaldulensis world distribution map, present in Australia, Brazil, China, France, Pakistan, Thailand, United States of America, and South Africa

Conservation status

Eucalyptus camaldulensis threat status: Near Threatened

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:592777-1
WFO ID wfo-0000954597
COL ID 3BPQQ
BDTFX ID 25715
INPN ID 97398
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Eucalyptus rostrata Eucalyptus camaldulensis var. camaldulensis Eucalyptus camaldulensis

Lower taxons

Eucalyptus camaldulensis subsp. obtusa Eucalyptus camaldulensis subsp. camaldulensis Eucalyptus camaldulensis subsp. acuta Eucalyptus camaldulensis subsp. arida Eucalyptus camaldulensis subsp. minima Eucalyptus camaldulensis subsp. refulgens