Eucalyptus paniculata Sm.

Gray ironbark (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Myrtales > Myrtaceae > Eucalyptus l'hér.

Characteristics

Tree to 20 m tall. Forming a lignotuber. Ironbark to the small branches, hard, grey or black. Juvenile growth (coppice or field seedlings to 50 cm): stems square in cross-section; leaves alternate, ovate to lanceolate, 7.5–12 cm long, 2.5–4.5 cm wide, dull to glossy, green.Adult leaves alternate, petiole 0.9–2.2 cm long; blade lanceolate, 8–16 cm long, 1.5–3.7 cm wide, base tapering to petiole, discolorous, glossy, green, side-veins greater than 45° to midrib, very densely reticulate, intramarginal vein parallel to and just within margin, oil glands intersectional or obscure.Inflorescence terminal compound, peduncles 0.6–1.8 cm long, buds 7 per umbel, pedicels 0.7–1 cm long. Mature buds fusiform to obovoid, square in cross-section or with 4 prominent longitudinal ribs on hypanthium, 1–1.3 cm long, 0.6–0.7 cm wide, scar present, operculum conical to pyramidal, stamens inflexed, staminodes present, anthers cuboid, adnate, slits separate, style long, stigma pin-head shaped, locules 4 or 5, the placentae each with 4 vertical ovule rows.Fruit pedicellate (pedicels 0.5–1.3 cm long), obconical or barrel-shaped, square in cross section, 0.9–1.3 cm long, 0.6–1 cm wide, always longer than wide, with 4 longitudinal ribs, disc descending, valves 4 or 5, enclosed.Seeds dark brown, 1–2 mm long, flattened-ovoid, may be pointed at one end, dorsal surface shallowly reticulate, hilum ventral. Cultivated seedlings (measured at ca node 10): cotyledons bilobed to oblong; stems square in cross-section, smooth; leaves petiolate, opposite for 5 or 6 nodes, then alternate, ovate to lanceolate, 5.5–7.5 cm long, 1.5–3 cm wide, base tapering, dull, green to blue-green.
More
Trees, large. Bark grayish, rough, persistent. Branchlets terete. Young leaves opposite, shortly petiolate; leaf blade broadly lanceolate to ovate, ca. 6 × 2-4 cm. Leaf blade of intermediate leaves broadly lanceolate, 8-10 × ca. 3.5 cm. Mature leaves with a 1-1.5 cm petiole; leaf blade lanceolate, 9-13 × 2-3 cm, slightly oblique, secondary veins at an angle of 40°-50° from midvein and conspicuous, intramarginal veins ca. 0.5 mm from margin. Inflorescences terminal, paniculate, umbels 3-9-flowered; peduncle ca. 1 cm, slightly ridged. Flower buds 7-9 mm. Hypanthium obovoid to obconic, 6-8 mm; stipe 2-10 mm; calyptra pyramidal awl-shaped, shorter than hypanthium, apex slightly acute. Capsule truncately capitate pyriform, 7-9 × ca. 5 mm; disk obscure; valves usually 4, equaling hypanthium rim or included. Fl. Aug-Oct.
Tree to 50 m. Bark rough throughout, light grey. Juvenile leaves ovate to broadly lanceolate, green, discolorous. Adult leaves lanceolate, acuminate; lamina 9.5–15 cm long, 1.2–2.4 cm wide, green, discolorous; lateral veins clearly visible, at 35°–45°; intramarginal vein up to 1 mm from margin; petiole 13–22 mm long. Peduncle terete, quadrangular or flattened, 6–16 mm long; pedicels 4-angled, 2–10 mm long. Buds obovoid to fusiform; operculum conical, usually narrower than hypanthium, 3–4 mm long and wide; hypanthium obovoid to obconical, 4–5 mm long and wide. Fruits hemispherical, obconical, obovoid or subpyriform, 6–8 mm long, 5–8 mm wide; disc obscure, descending; valves 4 or 5, level or included. Seeds shallowly reticulate.
Tree to 50 m with light grey rough bark throughout [deeply fissured].. Juvenile leaves ovate to broadly lanceolate; adult discolorous, lanceolate, 9.5–15 cm long, 1.2–2.4 cm wide; petiole 1.3–2.2 cm long.. Umbels 7-flowered in terminal panicles and also some axillary; peduncle terete, quadrangular or flattened, 0.6–1.6[2] cm long; pedicels 4-angled, 2–10 mm long.. Buds obovoid to fusiform; operculum conical, usually narrower than calyx-tube, 3–4 mm long and wide.. Calyx-tube obovoid to obconical, 4–5 mm long and wide.. Fruits hemispherical, obconical, obovoid or subpyriform, [5]6–8[8.5] mm long, 5–8 mm wide with obscure descending disc and 4–5 flush or included valves.. Fig. 8/28, p. 41 & 11/3–4, p. 51.
A tall straight tree. It grows 36 m high. The bark is deeply furrowed and grey. The leaves are dark green and glossy. They are paler underneath. The flowers are white. They are in small groups.
Umbels 3–9-flowered; peduncles 1–2 cm. long, subterete; pedicels 0·3–0·5 cm. long; buds 0·7 x 0·5 cm., broadly fusiform; operculum conical, subapiculate, ± equalling the receptacle-tube.
Fruit 0·7 x 0·5 cm., hemispherical-obconoidal; valves small, inserted near mouth.
Inflorescence terminal, paniculate, much shorter than the leaves.
Bark dark grey, hard, deeply furrowed, persistent throughout.
Leaves lanceolate, apex narrowly acute.
Tall tree.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 27.5 - 32.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 1.5
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Found on a range of topography from valley bottoms to the slopes and tops of ridges and hills; at elevations up to 500 metres.
More
Grows on ridges, hills and valleys of coastal areas, in sandy loam in openforest and tall open forest.
It grows naturally in coastal areas of Eastern Australia. It suits hardiness zones 9-11.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 1-5
Soil texture 3-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-11

Usage

For water
Uses afforestation bee plant charcoal dye environmental use fiber food fuel invertebrate food material medicinal timber wood
Edible roots
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) 1
Optimum temperature (C°) 23 - 31
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Eucalyptus paniculata unspecified picture

Distribution

Eucalyptus paniculata world distribution map, present in Australia, Brazil, China, Pakistan, and United States of America

Conservation status

Eucalyptus paniculata threat status: Near Threatened

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593212-1
WFO ID wfo-0000955553
COL ID 6H6D5
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 445837
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Eucalyptus paniculata

Lower taxons

Eucalyptus paniculata subsp. paniculata