Eucalyptus viminalis Labill.

Manna gum (en), Eucalyptus (fr), Eucalyptus à feuilles d'osier (fr), Gommier à feuilles d'osier (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Myrtales > Myrtaceae > Eucalyptus l'hér.

Characteristics

Large tree; bark either peeling in ribbons to expose completely smooth, white to grey trunk, or persistent, rough and hard in lower part. Juvenile lvs opposite, sessile, lanceolate or lanceolate-ovate; base cordate. Adult lvs with petiole 5-15 mm long; lamina 6-20 × 0.8-2 cm, linear or linear-lanceolate, generally ± falcate, concolorous, subcoriaceous; marginal vein distinct; lateral veins diverging at c. 45° from midrib; base cuneate, symmetric; apex finely acuminate. Fls axillary, in clusters of 3; peduncles c. 5 mm long, subterete or flattened; pedicels to 3 mm long. Buds 5-8 mm long, conic-ovate, green, obtuse or subacute; operculum nearly = hypanthium. Stamens white; anthers oblong. Fr. pedicellate or subsessile, 5-7.5 × 5-7 mm, globular or broadly turbinate; valves 3-4, slightly to prominently exserted; disc 1-1.5 mm wide, prominent, convex.
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Tree to 50 m with grey, white or yellowish white smooth bark throughout or rough at base or on most of the trunk.. Juvenile leaves opposite, sessile, lanceolate, cordate or amplexicaul; adult lanceolate, 12–20 cm long, 0.8–2 cm wide; petiole terete or slightly flattened, 1–2.5 cm long.. Umbels 3-or 7-flowered; peduncle angular or flattened, 4–8[12] mm long; [pedicels 1–4 mm long].. Buds ovoid; operculum conical or hemispherical, 3–4 mm long, 3–5 mm wide, apiculate.. Calyx-tube hemispherical or campanulate, 2–3 mm long, 3–5 mm wide.. Fruits hemispherical to subglobular, 5–8 mm long, 5–9 mm wide with broad ascending disc and 3–4 exserted valves.. Fig. 10/41, p. 49.
Tree to 50 m. Bark smooth throughout, grey, white or yellow-white, or rough, fibrous on lower or whole trunk, or rough to larger branches. Juvenile leaves opposite, sessile, lanceolate, cordate or amplexicaul, green, slightly discolorous. Adult leaves alternate, lanceolate or narrowly lanceolate, acuminate, green, concolorous. Umbels 3-or 7-flowered; pedicels absent or very short. Buds ovoid; operculum conical or hemispherical, apiculate; hypanthium hemispherical or campanulate. Fruits hemispherical to subglobular; disc broad, ascending; valves 3 or 4, exserted.
A medium to tall tree. It can grow 10-70 m tall. It spreads 8-15 m wide. The bark is smooth and whitish. It has some rough bark at the base of the trunk. The upper limbs shed bark in long strips. The branches are long and slender. Young leaves are opposite with the base wrapped around the stem. They are bright green. The adult leaves are long, dark green and sword shaped. They are 10-15 cm long. The flowers are in groups of 3. They are small and cream or white. The capsule is 5-8 mm wide. It is almost round. It has pointed valves which stick up.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 8.0 - 15.0
Mature height (meter) 30.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 1.5
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It grows in temperate regions. It can grow in the subtropics. It needs well drained soils but they can be wet. It can grow in full sun or light shade. It can stand heavy frosts. It grows in cooler places. It grows in areas with an annual rainfall between 635-889 mm. It grows below 1,300 m above sea level. It can grow in arid places. It suits hardiness zones 8-10. Tasmania Herbarium.
More
Cool moist sites, usually on better soils, at elevations up to 1,400 metres. Widespread and abundant, in grassy woodland or forest on fertile loamy soils in New South Wales.
Cool moist sites, usually on better soils, at elevations up to 1,400 metres. Widespread and abundant, in grassy woodland or forest on fertile loamy soils in New South Wales.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 1-8
Soil texture 2-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-10

Usage

A white sweet manna probably produced as the result of insect damage is fermented and drunk.
Uses bee plant environmental use essential oil food gum invertebrate food material medicinal timber wood
Edible barks gums leaves saps stems
Therapeutic use Anti-bacterial agents (leaf), Antifungal agents (leaf), Antirheumatic agents (leaf), Asthma (leaf), Burns (leaf), Fever (leaf), Lung diseases (leaf), Pain (leaf)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -12
Optimum temperature (C°) 18 - 32
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Eucalyptus viminalis leaf picture by raphael durant (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Eucalyptus viminalis flower picture by Nick Dal Molin (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Eucalyptus viminalis world distribution map, present in Australia, Brazil, New Zealand, and United States of America

Conservation status

Eucalyptus viminalis threat status: Near Threatened

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:593454-1
WFO ID wfo-0000956115
COL ID 3BQMN
BDTFX ID 75120
INPN ID 97411
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Eucalyptus gunnii Eucalyptus viminalis

Lower taxons

Eucalyptus viminalis subsp. pryoriana Eucalyptus viminalis subsp. viminalis Eucalyptus gunnii subsp. gunnii Eucalyptus viminalis subsp. hentyensis Eucalyptus viminalis subsp. siliceana