Eugenia capensis (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Sond.

Species

Angiosperms > Myrtales > Myrtaceae > Eugenia

Characteristics

Evergreen shrub or small tree 1-5(12) m tall, or a rhizomatous suffrutex up to 25 cm tall. Leaf-lamina 1 x 1-11 x 5.5 cm, chartaceous to coriaceous, very variable in shape and size, suborbicular to lanceolate or lanceolate-elliptic, apex broadly rounded to acuminate, base subcordate to narrowly acute, glabrous. Flowers axillary, solitary or in 2-9-flowered fascicles, rarely in 2-3-flowered cymules or (subsp. gracilipes) in racemes up to 1.5 cm long; pedicels 0.3-0.9(2.8) cm long; bracteoles c. 0.1 cm long, ovate-deltate, persistent; receptacle and ovary c. 0.25 x 0.2 cm, obconical. Sepals 4, c. 0.25 x 0.25 cm, hemi-orbicular, margin ciliolate. Petals 4, 0.4-0.55 x 0.3-0.4 cm, lingulate or lingulate-deltate, margin ciliolate. Stamens 0.3-0.5 cm long. Style 0.4-0.6 cm long; style-head 0.1-0.3 cm in diameter, sometimes punctiform (not in the F.Z. area) more often capitate or capitate-2-fid, orbicular, square, elliptic or rectangular in outline. Fruit c. 1.5 x 1.5 cm, purple-black, subglobose.
More
A low shrub. It can grow to 7 m tall. It is evergreen and with many branches. The bark is grey or brown. The leaves and small and leathery. The twigs are short, flattened and angled. The leaves are thick and oval and mostly opposite each other along the twigs. They are 1.3-3.8 cm long. The edges of the leaves are thickened and rolled inwards. The edges are smooth. The midrib and veins are easy to see underneath the leaf. The leaves and shoots have dense whitish hairs. The leaves have short leaf stalks. The flowers are small and white. The flowers occur either in the angles where leaves join or on old wood. The fruit is about 0.8 cm long and slightly oval. The ends of the flower remain to form a crown like section on the fruit. The fruit are dark blue to black. They have a large stone. The fruit are edible. There are several subspecies.
Rhizomatous suffrutex, shrub or small tree, 0.3-6.0 m high; young branchlets with rather dense, fairly persistent, indumentum of short, erect hairs. Leaves elliptic to orbicular. Flowers axillary, usually in 1-10(15)-flowered fascicles; pedicels (4)8-16(18) mm long. Interstaminal area surrounding style, conspicuously convex. Flowering time Jan.-Mar.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 2.15 - 5.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color -
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

An under-storey shrub of forest edges, found in riverine woodland, wooded grassland, thickets (on islands in Lake Victoria), occasionally in mountain forests.
More
A tropical plant. It suits warm sandy areas. It occurs in South Africa on dunes. It can be associated with mangrove swamps. It suits hardiness zones 9-12.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 5-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The flesh around the fruit is eaten occasionally.
Uses charcoal environmental use food fuel medicinal wood
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Eugenia capensis world distribution map, present in South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:571447-1
WFO ID wfo-0001086193
COL ID -
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Memecylon capense Eugenia capensis