Eulophia cucullata (afzel. ex Sw.) Steud.

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Orchidaceae > Eulophia

Characteristics

A terrestrial herb 40–130 cm. tall.. Perennating organs irregularly fusiform-conical potato-like tubers, 4–5.5 cm. long, 2–3 cm. diameter; roots emerging all over tuber and at base of new growth, 1–2.5 mm. diameter, white.. Leaves 3–4, plicate, erect, linear, acuminate, 20–70 cm. long, 0.4–1.7 cm. wide; leaf-sheath purple-veined.. Inflorescence produced before or with young leaves, laxly 3–8-flowered; peduncle stout, 3–12 mm. diameter, bearing 3 tubular acute sheaths in lower part; rhachis 6–25 cm. long; bracts spreading, linear, acuminate, 35–55 mm. long.. Flowers showy, variable in size; sepals maroon, brown or ochre; petals rose-purple; lip rose-purple with a white to cream throat speckled and streaked with purple, side lobes greenish striped with brown; pedicel and ovary 8–25 mm. long.. Dorsal sepal erect or reflexed, lanceolate, acuminate, 14–24 mm. long, 3–8 mm. wide; lateral sepals erect or reflexed, obliquely lanceolate, acuminate, 14–25 mm. long, 3–10 mm. wide.. Petals parallel to column, elliptic or obovate, rounded, 15–24 mm. long, 10–21 mm. wide.. Lip 3-lobed, saccate, 18–34 mm. long, 20–40 mm. wide; side lobes erect, rounded; mid-lobe occasionally clawed, transversely oblong, emarginate, 11–12 mm. long, 16–22 mm. wide; callus of 2 parallel quadrate ridges at base of mid-lobe.. Column white, 13–15 mm. long; foot 1 mm. long.. Fruit pendent, ± 20 mm. long.. Pl. 2. Fig. 95/11–19, p. 438.
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Plants with subterranean, moniliformous rhizomes; leaves plicate, absent to partly developed at anthesis, up to 300 x 10 mm; flowering stem c. 250-300 mm tall. Inflorescences rather lax, 3-15-flowered. Flowers: sepals brownish maroon, petªals pale purplish pink, lip white tinged purplish pink, crests yellow (sometimes tinged purple), sac inside yellow with orange and purple spots. Seªpals reflexed; median sepal (11-) 14-16 (-27) mm long, oblong, obtuse to apiculate; lateral sepals similar. Petals slightly spreading, subequal, roªtund, as long as the sepals. Lip 3-lobed, with a shallow, broadly rounded sac, crests consisting of 2 (rarely 3) rhomboid-oblong to cuneate subtrun-cate lamellae near the sac, usually their longest axis oblique to lip surface, rarely also with 2-3 very low ridges near base of midlobe; mentum slightly longer than the gynostemium. Gynoªstemium 9-18 mm long, connate with the subquadrate lip side lobes for most of its length.
Lip 18–35 × 20–40 mm, obscurely 3-lobed, with a callus of 2 parallel ridges 6 mm high at the junction of the lobes; side lobes erect, rounded; mid-lobe 11–12 × 16–22 mm, transversely oblong, emarginate; spur broadly saccate, c. 10 mm long.
Flowers showy, variable in size; sepals green-purple or brownish, petals pale to deep pink; lip pale to deep pink, the throat white or yellowish with purple markings; spur greenish-white.
Perennating organs subterranean, tuberous, 4–6 × 2–3 cm, irregularly shaped, potato-like, forming a long chain; roots 1–2.5 mm in diameter.
Leaves 3–4, 30–70 cm × 4–17 mm, linear, acuminate, plicate, absent or just starting to appear at flowering time.
Inflorescence laxly 2–9-flowered; scape with 3 tubular sheaths in lower half.
Petals 14–25 × 10–25 mm, suborbicular, lying over the column.
Bracts 35–55 mm long, spreading, purplish, linear, acuminate.
Sepals reflexed, 14–30 × 3–12 mm, lanceolate, acuminate.
Column 13–15 mm long, white; foot 1 mm long.
Robust terrestrial herb 30–130 cm tall.
Pedicel and ovary 10–25 mm long.
Capsule pendent, 20–30 mm long.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.28 - 0.8
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses environmental use medicinal poison
Edible -
Therapeutic use Barrenness (unspecified), Impotency (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Eulophia cucullata unspecified picture

Distribution

Eulophia cucullata world distribution map, present in Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, Congo, Comoros, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Madagascar, Mali, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sudan, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Chad, Togo, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:634532-1
WFO ID wfo-0000959801
COL ID 3CBXS
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Limodorum cucullatum Lissochilus dilectus Lissochilus monteiroi Lissochilus stylites Lissochilus amabilis Lissochilus arenarius Lissochilus kaessnerianus Lissochilus roscheri Eulophia cucullata Eulophia dilecta Eulophia kondensis Lissochilus dilectus f. minor Eulophia arenaria Eulophia monteiroi Eulophia stylites Eulophia cucullata var. dilecta Lissochilus euanthus