Eulophia hians Spreng.

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Orchidaceae > Eulophia

Characteristics

Plants with subterranean, moniliformous rhizomes; leaves partly to fully developed at anthesis, up to 730 mm long; flowering stem 110-920 mm tall. Inflorescences lax, 3-40-flowered. Flowers: sepals purplish green to dark reddish purple, petals white, tinged pale pink to pale blue or yellow, sometimes purple-edged, crests pale pink to straw yellow, sometimes distally tipped with dark purple. Sepals and petals slightly spreading, oblong to lanceolate-oblong; median sepal 8-18 mm long; petals subequal, often united with the back of the gynostemium and falcate or variously distorted. Lip 3-lobed, base sometimes united with the gynostemium leaving a low passage to the spur, then also side lobes often distorted and reduced, crests consisting of very low pubescent ridges in the basal half, rising to 3-7 thin lamellae, variously dentate and papillose; mentum absent to 2 mm long; spur slender, cylindrical to slightly clavate, 1.4-8.9 mm long. Gynostemium 4-7 mm long; pollinia sometimes with vestigial cells.
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Terrestrial slender herb with subterranean moniliformous rhizomes, 0.15-0.40 m high. Leaves, up to 400 mm long, just emerging to partly developed at anthesis. Inflorescence lax, 5-18-flowered. Flowers sepals dark reddish purple, petals pale pink to purple pink outside, darker inside, veins bluish, lip pale pink-purple with darker veins and margins, papillosa crests white to cream-coloured tipped purple. Median sepal 9-13 mm long, oblong. Lateral sepals similar. Petals spreading, subequal, united with gynostemium, often distorted. Lip 3-lobed, base united with gynostemium, side lobes distorted, crests with dentate, crenulate, thin lamellae; mentum absent; spur slender, 4-7 mm long. Gynostemium 4-7 mm long. Flowering time Aug.-Nov.
Rhizomatous geophyte to 73 cm. Leaves partly to fully developed at flowering, linear-lanceolate. Flowers few to many in a lax raceme, sepals purplish, petals white tinged pale pink to pale blue or yellow, lip crests pale pink to yellow, median sepal 8-18 mm long, lip crests of pubescent ridges and lamellae, spur slender, 1.4-8.9 mm long.
Flowers rather small, often self-pollinating; sepals plum-purple, yellow-green, green, greenish-brown or brown flushed with reddish-purple; petals lilac, white flushed with pink or purple, yellow or yellow-green; lip violet, yellow, yellowish-green or white flushed dull red-purple on edges; callus off-white, yellowish or greenish.
A herb. It grows in the soil. It grows 25-30 cm tall. It has an underground stem or rhizome. The leaves are simple and at the base. They are narrowly sword shaped. There are 3-18 flowers in a loose arrangement in stalks 15-45 cm long. The flower petals are pale red or purple. The fruit is an oblong capsule.
Inflorescence produced with leaves, laxly few-to many-flowered; peduncle 11–73 cm long, 2–3 mm in diameter, with 4–5 papery acuminate sheathing bracts, more than half the length of internodes, sometimes as long as or longer; rhachis 6–16 cm long; bracts spreading, lanceolate, acuminate, 9–18 mm long.
Lip 7.5–14 × 5–9 mm, 3-lobed; side lobes rounded in front; mid-lobe 3–7 × 3–5 mm, subcircular-oblong, obtuse; callus of 2 basal ridges and 4 lines of papillae on mid-lobe; spur 2–8.9 mm long, more or less incurved, cylindrical-clavate.
Dorsal sepal 9–16 × 3–4 mm, oblong-elliptic, apiculate, keeled on outer side; lateral sepals similar but oblique, 10–16 × 4–4.5 mm.
Perennating organs mostly subterranean, pseudobulbous, flattened-conical, in chains, 1.2–1.5 × 2 cm; roots 2 mm in diameter, white.
Leaves 5–6 in a fan, 5–73 cm × 3–9 mm, plicate, linear, acuminate, lowermost sheathing, well developed at flowering time.
Petals 8–14 × 3–5 mm, elliptic, obtuse or apiculate.
Column 4–7 mm long; foot 0–2 mm long.
Terrestrial herb, 26–75 cm tall.
Pedicel and ovary 10–14 mm long.
Fruit pendent, 18–20 mm long.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.2 - 0.58
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a subtropical plant. It grows in grassland.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible tubers
Therapeutic use Antiecbolic (unspecified), Barrenness (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Eulophia hians unspecified picture

Distribution

Eulophia hians world distribution map, present in Angola, Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Lesotho, Madagascar, Mozambique, eSwatini, Tanzania, United Republic of, Yemen, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:634649-1
WFO ID wfo-0000959935
COL ID 3CBZ2
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Graphorchis hians Graphorchis violacea Graphorchis clavicornis Graphorchis emarginata Eulophia hians

Lower taxons

Eulophia hians var. hians Eulophia hians var. inaequalis Eulophia hians var. nutans