Eulophia horsfallii (Bateman) Summerh.

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Orchidaceae > Eulophia

Characteristics

A large terrestrial herb 1.2–3 m. tall.. Perennating organ subterranean, rhizomatous, fleshy, 4–6 or more cm. long, 2–3 cm. diameter; roots elongate, 4–5 mm. diameter, white.. Leaves suberect, 3–5, erect, lanceolate to oblanceolate, acuminate, 30–140 cm. long, 1.6–15.5 cm. wide, long-petiolate.. Inflorescence erect, laxly 5–50-flowered; peduncle stout, up to 3.5 cm. diameter at base, bearing 5 tubular sheaths along length; rhachis 16–37 cm. long; bracts elliptic or obovate, obtuse to acuminate, 19–35 mm. long, 10–18 mm. wide.. Flowers large, fleshy; sepals dull purple or brown; petals rose-purple; lip side lobes green striped with dull purple, mid-lobe purple; callus yellow; column and ovary purple; pedicel and ovary 30–40 mm. long.. Dorsal sepal reflexed, oblanceolate, acuminate, 17–26 mm. long, 7–8 mm. wide; lateral sepals oblique at base but similar, 17–27 mm. long, 7–8 mm. wide.. Petals covering column, elliptic, obtuse, 19–35 mm. long, 15–24 mm. wide, lip 3-lobed, 20–40 mm. long, 14–40 mm. wide; side lobes erect, semicircular; mid-lobe elliptic-oblong, obtuse, with undulate margins; callus in basal two-thirds of lip, tricristate, raised at base, undulate and lower in front.. Spur conical, 4–8 mm. long, slightly retrorse.. Column clavate, 10 mm. long.. Fruit pendent, ellipsoidal, 30–65 mm. long.. Pl. 2. Fig. 92/1–10, p. 431.
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Plants with rhizomes consisting of subspherical pseudobulbs, ringed with numerous prominent leaf scars, lying mostly below soil level; leaves tapering, 4-15 mm long; flowering stem c. 0.5-2 m tall, very stout, sometimes branched. Inflores-cences lax to dense, 10-40-flowered. Flowers: seªpals green tinged brownish purple, petals pale purple to white outside, paler within, purple-veined, lip green and purple, crests dull white. Seªpals and petals spreading; median sepal (12-) 15-22 (-29) mm long, narrowly obovate, acute to apiculate; lateral sepals similar; petals rotund to elliptic-oblong, slightly longer than the sepals. Lip 3-lobed, crests consisting of 3-5 lamellae cenªtrally, reaching more than 3 mm high on the midªlobe, their tops crenulate and the sides smooth to fluted; midlobe crispate; side lobes adnate to about half the length of the mentum; mentum 6-10 mm long; spur shortly conical, acute, 3-5 mm long. Gynostemium 9-16 mm long, operculum with 2 closely set distal lobes.
Terrestrial herb, up to 2 m high. Sepals acute to apiculate, slightly shorter than subrotund petals. Midlobe with wavy margins, purple, with 3 mm-tall blades of crests white. Flowers with sepals green, tinged with brownish purple, petals pale purple to white.
Sepals glossy olive-green, purplish at base, or purple-brown; petals pink to purple-pink; lip side lobes green veined with purple, mid-lobe purple with creamy-yellow crests; column and ovary purple; spur greenish tipped with purple.
Lip 20–40 × 14–40 mm, 3-lobed, with 3 lines of fringed lamellae running down the centre for the basal two-thirds; side lobes erect, mid-lobe 11–20 × 10–13 mm, elliptic-oblong, obtuse, the edges undulate; spur 4–10 mm long, conical.
An orchid. It is a herb that grows in soil. It grows 2 m tall. The flowering shoots are erect with 5-50 loosely arranged flowers. The flowers are purple to white. The rhizomes are fleshy and with 4-6 tubers 2-3 cm across.
Perennating organs subterranean, a fleshy rhizome to 6 cm long or more, 2–3 cm in diameter; roots stout, white, 4–5 mm in diameter.
Inflorescence 1–3 m tall, rather laxly several-to many-flowered; scape stout, with 5 tubular sheaths along its length.
Leaves 3–5, petiolate, 30–250 × 1.5–15.5 cm, lanceolate to oblanceolate, acuminate, ribbed, evergreen.
Bracts 20–35 mm long, elliptic or obovate, usually brown and withered by flowering time.
Petals 20–35 × 10–23 mm, ovate to elliptic, obtuse, lying over column.
Sepals 17–27 × 7.5–10 mm, oblanceolate, acute, concave, ± erect.
Leaves in a tuft, up to 6 ft. high and 5 in. broad
A long raceme of white and pink or purple flowers.
Capsule 3–6.5 cm long, pendent, ellipsoid.
Column 10–12 mm long, clavate.
Pedicel and ovary 4 cm long.
Large terrestrial herb.
Scapes to 81/2 ft. tall
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.1 - 2.0
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It grows in swampy places.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-11

Usage

Uses environmental use
Edible roots tubers
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Eulophia horsfallii unspecified picture

Distribution

Eulophia horsfallii world distribution map, present in Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Botswana, Central African Republic, Congo, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sudan, Senegal, Sierra Leone, eSwatini, Togo, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:634661-1
WFO ID wfo-0000959951
COL ID 3CBZ6
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Lissochilus dybowskii Lissochilus eleogenus Lissochilus mahonii Lissochilus multicolor Lissochilus transvaalensis Lissochilus welwitschii Lissochilus alexandri Lissochilus elliotii Lissochilus horsfallii Lissochilus keilianus Lissochilus porphyroglossus Lissochilus sandersonii Lissochilus sceptrum Eulophia alexandri Eulophia dybowskii Eulophia eleogena Eulophia horsfallii Eulophia huillensis Eulophia keiliana Eulophia magnicristata Eulophia multicolor Eulophia porphyroglossa Eulophia rosea Eulophia scottii Eulophia sceptrum Eulophia mahonii Eulophia sandersonii