Eulophia livingstoneana (Rchb.F.) Summerh.

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Orchidaceae > Eulophia

Characteristics

A terrestrial herb 50–100 cm. tall.. Perennating organs underground, tuberous, irregularly cylindrical, horizontal, branching occasionally, 5–9.5 cm. long, 1.1–2.5 cm. diameter; rhizome short, up to 1 cm. diameter; roots scattered along tuber, 1.5 mm. diameter, white.. Leaves 3–6, linear, acute, 10–40 cm. long, 5–17 mm. wide, lowermost 1–2 sheathing.. Inflorescence produced before leaves develop, laxly few–many-flowered; peduncle 37–75 cm. long, with 2–3 sheaths in lower half; rhachis 10–26 cm. long; bracts spreading, linear-lanceolate, acuminate, lowest 17–19 mm. long.. Flowers with pale to darker lilac sepals and petals; lip purple with darker callus ridges and green or yellowish side lobes flushed and edged with pink; pedicel and ovary 22–30 mm. long.. Dorsal sepal reflexed, lanceolate or oblanceolate, acute or obtuse, 15–20 mm. long, 4–5 mm. wide; lateral sepals similar but slightly wider.. Petals erect, elliptic-obovate, obtuse, 14–20 mm. long, 8–9 mm. wide.. Lip 3-lobed, 12–17 mm. long; side lobes erect, rounded; mid-lobe reduplicate, upcurved towards apex, elliptic, obtuse, 8–12 mm. long; callus of 5 low ridges to apex of mid-lobe.. Spur narrowly conical, 3–7 mm. long, slightly upcurved at apex.. Column clavate, 7–9 mm. long, purple or pink.. Fruit pendent, 18–20 mm. long.. Pl. 3. Fig. 96/2–10.
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Plants: rhizome cylindrical, 6-7 mm in diameter; leaves thin-tissued, absent or partly developed at anthesis; flowering stem c. 300-700 mm tall. Inflorescences somewhat lax, 3-12-flowered. Flowers large, sepals and petals white, lip side lobes pale brown, midlobe purplish-pink. Sepals and petals spreading to reflexed, subequal, 9-19 x 4-6 mm. Lip 3-lobed, crests consisting of 2 broad, warty ridges; midlobe convex at the base of the gynostemium; side lobes erect, rounded; mentum adnate to the lip side lobes; spur curved, cylindrical, 4-5 mm long. Gynostemium 5-10 mm long.
Lip 3-lobed, 10–18.5 mm long; side-lobes erect, rounded; mid-lobe 7–12 × 6–11 mm, reduplicate, upcurved towards apex, elliptic, obtuse; callus of 5 low ridges to apex of mid-lobe; spur 3–7 mm long, narrowly conical, obtuse, slightly upcurved at apex.
Perennating organs subterranean, tuberous, irregularly cylindrical, horizontal, forming chains and branching occasionally, 5–9.5 × 1.1–2.5 cm; rhizome short, up to 1 cm in diameter; roots scattered along tuber, 1.5 mm in diameter, white.
Terrestrial herb, up to 0.6 m high. Midlobe long and narrow, crests of low warty cushions. Spike 40-150 mm long. Sepals and petals spreading fully to partly backwards. Flowers white and purple.
Dorsal sepal reflexed, 11.5–20 × 4–8 mm, lanceolate or oblanceolate, acute or obtuse, sometimes twisted; lateral sepals similar but slightly wider.
Sepals and petals pale to deep mauve-pink; lip purple with darker callus ridges and green or yellowish side-lobes flushed and edged with pink.
Leaves 3–6, 10–40 cm × 5–17 mm, linear, acute, lowest 1–2 sheathing, not present or just starting to develop at flowering time.
Inflorescence laxly few-to many-flowered; scape 37–75 cm long, with 2–3 sheaths in lower half, rhachis 10–26 cm long.
Bracts spreading, lowest 17–19 mm long, linear-lanceolate, acuminate.
Petals erect, 14–20 × 8–13 mm, elliptic-obovate, obtuse.
Pedicel and ovary 20–30 mm long, very slender.
Column clavate, 7–9 mm long, purple or pink.
Terrestrial herb 50–100 cm tall.
Fruit pendent, 18–20 mm long.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.5 - 0.85
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by tubers.
Mode tubers
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Eulophia livingstoneana world distribution map, present in Angola, Burkina Faso, Botswana, Central African Republic, Comoros, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Namibia, Rwanda, Sudan, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:634719-1
WFO ID wfo-0000960022
COL ID 3CBZP
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 807338
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Lissochilus cornigerus Lissochilus gracilior Lissochilus rutenbergianus Lissochilus affinis Lissochilus fallax Lissochilus faradjensis Lissochilus jumelleanus Lissochilus malangensis Lissochilus mediocris Eulophia faradjensis Eulophia gracilior Eulophia jumelleana Eulophia livingstoneana Eulophia robusta Eulophia robusta Eulophia livingstoniana Lissochilus gracilior var. angusta Lissochilus livingstonianus Lissochilus laggiarae