Eulophia schweinfurthii Kraenzl.

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Orchidaceae > Eulophia

Characteristics

A terrestrial herb 45–110 cm. tall.. Perennating organs underground, tuberous, in chains, irregularly cylindrical, somwhat dorso-ventrally flattened, 3.5–5 cm. long, 1.3–2.5 cm. diameter; roots 1.5–3 mm. diameter, white.. Leaves 4–7, in a fan, slightly succulent, conduplicate when young, linear, acuminate, 21–38 cm. long, 2.5–10 mm. wide.. Inflorescences 1–2, produced before the leaves; peduncle up to 7 mm. diameter, with 5–6 papery sheaths along length, lowermost 2 basal; rhachis 7–23 cm. long; bracts linear-lanceolate, acuminate, 4–15 mm. long.. Flowers fleshy; sepals purplish; petals yellow with red veins; lip yellow with pale purplish side lobes and a purplish margin to the mid-lobe; pedicel and ovary 10–20 mm. long.. Dorsal sepal reflexed, oblong, apiculate, 9–10.6 mm. long, 3.5–6 mm. wide; lateral sepals similar.. Petals broadly ovate or subcircular, acute or obtuse, 11.5–16.5 mm. long, 9.5–17 mm. wide.. Lip 3-lobed, 14–16 mm. long, 19–21 mm. wide; side lobes erect, rounded; mid-lobe convex, elliptic, 7–12 mm. long; callus of 3–5 verrucose ridges to apex on mid-lobe.. Spur upcurved-conical, 8–9 mm. long.. Column 3–5 mm. long.. Fruit pendent, 3–3.5 cm. long.. Fig. 108/23, p. 475.
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Plants with subterranean, moniliformous rhizomes; leaves somewhat thick-tissued, partly developed at anthesis, reaching 350 mm long; flowering stem up to 0.8 m tall. Inflorescences lax and elongate, c. 10-20-flowered. Flowers: sepals dull brown, paler to greenish yellow on the inner surface, petals yellow, veins marked with reddish brown inside, lip bright yellow, side lobes with reddish brown markings. Median sepal 7-9 mm long, narrowly obovate, mucronate; lateral sepals similar. Petals spreading, nearly 2x as long as the reflexed sepals, 12-14 mm long, broadly ovate, obtuse to retuse. Lip 3-lobed, crests consisting of verrucose ridges, produced chiefly on the convex portion of the midlobe; midlobe abruptly incurved so that its central concavity lies close to the gynostemium apex; side lobes erect and adnate to the mentum with their longest axis parallel to it; mentum 5-6 mm long; spur nearly cylindrical, c. 3 mm long. Gynostemium c. 5 mm long.
A herb or orchid. It grows in the soil. It forms tubers under the ground. They are 4-5 cm across and 2-3 cm wide. They form a chain. The roots are fleshy and white. There are 4-7 leaves. They form a fan. They are 17-38 cm long by 3-18 mm wide. The flowering stalk is 1 m tall. There are up to 16 flowers. The sepals are purple-red and the petals are yellow with red veins inside.
Terrestrial herb, up to 0.8 m high. Subcylindrical part of spur shorter than 1 mm. Midlobe of lip incurved so that central convexity lies close to column. Flowers with petals and lip yellow with reddish brown markings on inner surfaces.
Lip 12–14 mm long, 3-lobed; side lobes erect, rounded; mid-lobe very convex, 7–9 mm long with a callus of 3–5 verrucose ridges reaching the apex; spur 5.5–8 mm long (8–9 mm long to apex of ovary), conical, upcurved.
Flowers rather fleshy, sepals purple-red, petals yellow, heavily veined with red inside, lip yellow, the side lobes purplish, the mid-lobe edged with purple.
Leaves 4–7, forming a fan, 17–38 cm × 2.5–18 mm, linear, acuminate, conduplicate when young, succulent, absent or not fully developed at flowering time.
Perennating organs subterranean, tuberous, asymmetrical, 3.5–5 × 1.3–3 cm, forming a chain; roots 1.5–3 mm in diameter, fleshy, white.
Inflorescence up to 1 m tall, up to c. 16-flowered; scape with 5–6 papery sheaths along its length.
Petals 8.5–13 × 9–13 mm, suborbicular or broadly ovate, acute or obtuse.
Bracts 4–15 mm long, linear-lanceolate, acuminate.
Sepals 6.7–10.6 × 3.5–4 mm, oblong, apiculate.
Pedicel and ovary 10–20 mm long.
Column 3–5 mm long.
Terrestrial herb.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.8 - 0.9
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It grows in hot river valleys and open woodland. It grows between 300-1,950 m above sea level.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 5-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses -
Edible roots tubers
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Eulophia schweinfurthii world distribution map, present in Angola, Botswana, Central African Republic, Ethiopia, Kenya, Mozambique, Rwanda, Sudan, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:634914-1
WFO ID wfo-0000960249
COL ID 6H8X5
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Lissochilus descampsii Lissochilus elegantulus Lissochilus aurantiacus Lissochilus holubii Lissochilus johnstonii Lissochilus pentheri Lissochilus smithii Lissochilus vermiculatus Eulophia chrysops Eulophia compta Eulophia descampsii Eulophia involuta Eulophia pentheri Eulophia schweinfurthii Eulophia vermiculata Eulophia orthoplectra var. schweinfurthii