Eulophia speciosa Bolus

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Orchidaceae > Eulophia

Characteristics

A terrestrial herb 60–120 cm. tall.. Perennating organs underground, tuberous, irregularly conical, 4–6 cm. long, 2.5–4 cm. diameter, orange, separated by a stout rhizome up to 7 mm. diameter and 2 cm. long; roots 1.2–3 mm. diameter, white.. Leaves fleshy, not plicate, 3–6, in a fan, 30–65 cm. long, 0.6–2.2 cm. wide, basal one sheathing.. Inflorescence produced before the leaves, laxly many-flowered; peduncle stout, purplish, bearing 4–5 sheaths mostly near base, uppermost lanceolate; rhachis 11–29 cm. long; bracts lanceolate, acuminate, 4–14 mm. long.. Flowers variable in size; sepals greenish; petals yellow; lip yellow with red veins on side lobes; column pale greenish; pedicel and ovary 12–19 mm. long.. Dorsal sepal reflexed, elliptic, apiculate, 5–11 mm. long, 2–4 mm. wide; lateral sepals similar.. Petals spreading, elliptic-ovate, obtuse, 11–18 mm. long, 8–15 mm. wide.. Lip difficult to flatten, 3-lobed, 12–16 mm. long, 10–14 mm. wide; side lobes erect but reflexed above, obscurely rounded; mid-lobe convex, elliptic, subacute, 10–13 mm. long, 8–12 mm. wide; callus of 3–5 low fleshy rugulose ridges on mid-lobe.. Spur shortly conical, 1–3 mm. long.. Column 4–6 mm. long.. Fruit pendent, 3.5 cm. long.. Pl. 3. Fig. 108/1–12, p. 475.
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Plants with subterranean or sometimes partly aerial corms/pseudobulbs; leaves thick-tissued to succulent, mature at anthesis, up to 650 x 20 mm; flowering stem 400-600 (-900) mm tall. Inflorescences becoming elongate and lax during anthesis, 10-30-flowered. Flowers: sepals pale green, petals yellow, lip yellow, side lobes with purple lines, crests deep yellow. Sepals reflexed; median sepal (8-) 11-13 (-20.6) mm long, elliptic, acute to acuminate; lateral sepals similar. Petals rotund-obtuse, spreading, 9.7-22.7 mm long. Lip 3-lobed, crests consisting of broad fleshy ridges, thickest on the convex part of the midlobe; sides of the midlobe somewhat deflexed, convex adaxially in the middle, apex incurved; side lobes erect, united with the mentum and the gynostemium base; mentum about 2h the length of the gynostemium; spur shortly conical, 1-3 mm long. Gynostemium 5-8 mm long.
Terrestrial, robust herb, with subterranean or partly aerial pseudobulbs, 0.4-0.9 m high. Leaves erect, somewhat succulent, 650 x 20 mm, mature at anthesis. Inflorescence elongate, lax, 10-30-flowered. Flowers with sepals pale green, petals yellow, lip yellow, side lobes with purple lines, crests deep yellow. Sepals reflexed; median sepal 11-13 mm long, elliptic, acute; lateral sepals similar. Petals rotund-obtuse, spreading, 10-23 mm long. Lip 3-lobed, crests with broad fleshy ridges on convex portion of midlobe, sides of midlobe deflexed, side lobes erect, adnate to mentum; mentum shorter than gynostemium; spur conical, 1-3 mm long. Gynostemium 5-8 mm long. Flowering time Oct.-Jan.
Geophyte mostly to 60 cm, with subterranean or partly exposed corms/pseudobulbs. Leaves ± succulent, fully developed at flowering. Flowers few to many, yellow, median sepal 11-13 mm long, lip crests of broad, fleshy ridges, spur conical, 1-3 mm long.
Terrestrial herb, up to 0.9 m high. Subcylindrical part of spur shorter than 1 mm. Midlobe of lip scarcely incurved, so that central convexity lies distant from column. Flowers with pale green sepals, petals and lip yellow.
Lip 12–24 mm long, difficult to flatten, 3-lobed; side lobes erect, attached to column at base; mid-lobe 10–20 mm long, convex with a crest of 3 rugulose, fleshy ridges; spur conical, 1–4 mm long.
Flowers variable in size; sepals green, sometimes tipped with brown, petals and lip bright yellow, the lip with red veins on the side lobes; column pale green.
Leaves 3–6, 15–65 × 0.6–3 cm, fleshy, not plicate, narrowly oblanceolate, absent or just starting to appear at flowering time.
Perennating organs subterranean, tuberous, 4–6 × 2.5–4 cm, irregularly conical; roots 1.2–3 mm in diameter, white.
Inflorescence laxly many-flowered; scape stout, purplish, with several sheaths.
Petals 11–20 × 8–22 mm, spreading, elliptic-ovate to suborbicular, obtuse.
Sepals 5–11 × 2–5 mm, ovate or elliptic, apiculate, reflexed.
Bracts 4–14 mm long, lanceolate.
Pedicel and ovary 12–23 mm long.
Terrestrial herb to 150 cm tall.
Column 4–6 mm long.
An orchid.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.75 - 0.95
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Grassland and wooded grassland with shrubs, miombo and mixed deciduous woodland, usually on sandy soils, also in brackish swampy coastal grassland, at elevations up to 1,700 metres.
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It is a subtropical plant.
Light -
Soil humidity -
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Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

The pseudobulb is eaten as a snack.
Uses animal food environmental use medicinal social use
Edible bulbs roots stems
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
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Optimum temperature (C°) -
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Vigor -
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Images

Eulophia speciosa unspecified picture

Distribution

Eulophia speciosa world distribution map, present in Angola, Burkina Faso, Botswana, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Mozambique, Namibia, Saudi Arabia, Sudan, eSwatini, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Yemen, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Eulophia speciosa threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:634928-1
WFO ID wfo-0000960269
COL ID 3CC42
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Lissochilus dispersus Lissochilus graniticus Lissochilus hereroensis Lissochilus wakefieldii Lissochilus rendlei Lissochilus calopterus Lissochilus homblei Lissochilus sapinii Lissochilus speciosus Lissochilus volkensii Satyrium giganteum Cymbidium giganteum Cyrtopera gigantea Eulophia coutreziana Eulophia granitica Eulophia homblei Eulophia volkensii Eulophia wakefieldii Eulophia brevisepala Eulophia caloptera Eulophia sapinii Eulophia speciosa Epidendrum giganteum Eulophia austrooccidentalis Eulophia dispersa Eulophia leucantha Limodorum giganteum Eulophia granitica Eulophia speciosa var. culveri Lissochilus speciosus var. culveri Lissochilus leucanthus Lissochilus brevisepalus