Fadogia cienkowskii Schweinf.

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Rubiaceae > Fadogia

Characteristics

Subshrubby herb with few to several (–15) unbranched reddish brown or yellowish green stems 0.3–1.2 m. tall from the apical parts of a mostly branched woody rhizome; stems covered with dense pale ferruginous hairs or less often glabrous.. Leaves in whorls of 3–4; blades narrowly to broadly elliptic or oblong-elliptic, to narrowly lanceolate, 2–8.5 cm. long, 0.5–4.5 cm. wide, ± rounded to acute or very shortly acuminate at the apex, broadly to narrowly cuneate or ± rounded at the base, markedly discolorous, often ± bullate, with sparse to fairly dense hairs above which do not obscure the ± glossy surface, very densely continuously velvety tomentose beneath with grey to pale ferruginous matted hairs beneath which is a dense covering of short white papilla-like hairs; petioles short and stout, 1–1.5 mm. long, densely pubescent; stipules 6–9 mm. long, shortly joined at the base, subulate from an oblong-triangular base, pubescent.. Inflorescences 2–6-flowered or flowers sometimes solitary; peduncles 3–9(–12) mm. long; pedicels 1.5–9(–12) mm. long, pubescent.. Calyx-tube 1–1.5 mm. long; limb with 7–10 triangular to triangular-lanceolate or subulate often membranous usually pubescent teeth (1–)1.5–2.5 mm. long.. Buds distinctly apiculate, with as many subulate tails as corolla-lobes, usually densely rather coarsely pubescent.. Corolla yellow or cream; tube cylindrical, 2.5–3.5 mm. long, glabrescent to pubescent outside; lobes narrowly lanceolate, ± 3.5–5.5 mm. long including the subulate appendage (0.5–)1.5–2 mm. long.. Ovary 3–4-locular; style up to 5–7.5 mm. long; stigma yellow-green or whitish, coroniform, 0.75 mm. long, sulcate, 3–4-lobed.. Fruit dark green becoming black and shining, subglobose, up to 1 cm. diameter, with 1–3 pyrenes, when reduced to 1 then oblique, crowned with calyx-lobes.
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Leaves 3–4-whorled, markedly discolorous, 2–8.5 × 0.5–4.5 cm, narrowly to broadly elliptic or oblong-elliptic, to narrowly lanceolate, ± rounded to acute or very shortly acuminate at the apex, broadly to narrowly cuneate or ± rounded at the base, often ± bullate, sparsely to fairly densely hairy above, the hairs not obscuring the ± glossy upper surface, very densely (rarely ± sparsely) continuously velvety-tomentose beneath with grey to pale ferruginous matted hairs, beneath which is a dense covering of short white papilla-like hairs; petioles short and stout, 1–1.5 mm long, densely pubescent; stipules 6–9 mm long, shortly joined at the base, subulate from an oblong-triangular base, pubescent.
A low growing woody shrub. There is a woody rootstock and one or several stems can grow from this. It grows 1 m high. The stems are hairy. The leaves are in rings of 3-4. They are 2-9 cm long by 1-5 cm wide. They are narrowly oval. There are 2-6 flowers in a group. The fruit is dark green and becoming black and shiny. They are 1 cm across.
Corolla distinctly apiculate with subulate tails in bud; yellow or cream-coloured; tube cylindrical, 2.5–3.5 mm long, glabrescent to pubescent outside; lobes narrowly lanceolate, about 3.5–5.5 mm long including the subulate appendage (0.5)1.5–2 mm long.
Suffrutex 0.3–1.2 m tall; stems simple, few to several (15) from the apical parts of a branching woody rhizome, reddish-brown or yellowish-green, covered with dense pale ferruginous hairs, or less often glabrous.
Fruit dark green becoming black and shining, crowned with calyx lobes, up to 10 mm in diameter and subglobose with 1–3 pyrenes, or when pyrenes reduced to 1 then fruit oblique.
Calyx tube 1–1.5 mm long, 7–10-toothed; teeth (1)1.5–2.5 mm long, triangular to triangular-lanceolate or subulate, often membranous usually pubescent.
Inflorescences 2–6-flowered, or flowers sometimes solitary; peduncles 3–9(12) mm long; pedicels 1.5–9(12) mm long, pubescent.
Pollen presenter yellow-green or whitish, coroniform, 0.75 mm long, sulcate, 3–4-lobed.
Erect undershrub from stout base 11/2-3 ft. high
Pale under surfaces to the leaves
Style up to 5–7.5 mm long.
Flowers greenish-yellow
Ovary 3–4-locular.
Life form perennial
Growth form
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.61 - 1.0
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Grassland, including upland grassland, seasonally wet grassland, regularly burnt grassland, wooded grassland with Protea, Combretum or Uapaca and open Brachystegia woodland; also on rocky slopes in bamboo zones, 1,000-2,100 metres.
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A tropical plant. It grows in lowlands and highlands. It grows in the savannah in West Africa. It grows in the drier parts of Africa.
In savanna.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Caution: The plant contains alkaloids, flavones, saponins and tannins.
Uses food gene source material medicinal
Edible flowers fruits leaves nectars seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Fadogia cienkowskii world distribution map, present in Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, Congo, Cabo Verde, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Mali, Nigeria, Sudan, Chad, Togo, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:748960-1
WFO ID wfo-0000966266
COL ID 6HLYR
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Pachystigma cienkowskii Fadogia cienkowskii Canthium cienkowskyi Cuviera cienkowskii

Lower taxons

Fadogia cienkowskii var. cienkowskii