Fallopia convolvulus (L.) Á.Löve

Wild buckwheat (en), Renouée liseron (fr), Vrillée sauvage (fr), Vrillée liseron (fr), Vrillée bâtarde (fr), Faux liseron (fr), Fallopie liseron (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Caryophyllales > Polygonaceae > Fallopia

Characteristics

Herbs, annual, not rhizomatous, 0.5-1 m. Stems scandent or sprawling, branched proximally, herbaceous, puberulent, sometimes mealy, not glaucous. Leaves: ocrea persistent or deciduous, tan or greenish brown, cylindric, 2-4 mm, margins oblique, face not fringed with reflexed hairs and slender bristles at base, otherwise glabrous or scabrid; petiole 0.5-5 cm, puberulent in lines; blade cordate-ovate, cordate-hastate, or sagittate, 2-6(-15) × 2-5(-10) cm, base cordate, margins wavy, scabrid, apex acuminate, abaxial face usually mealy and, rarely, minutely dotted, not glaucous, adaxial face glabrous. Inflorescences axillary, erect or spreading, spikelike, 2-10(-15) cm, axes puberulent; peduncle 0.1-10 cm or absent, glabrous or scabrid distally in lines. Pedicels ascending or spreading, articulated distally, 1-3 mm, glabrous or, rarely, scabrid. Flowers bisexual, 3-6 per ocreate fascicle; perianth nonaccrescent, greenish white, often with pinkish or purplish base, 3-5 mm including stipelike base, glabrous or outer 3 with blunt, hyaline hairs; tepals elliptic to obovate, apex obtuse to acute, outer 3 obscurely keeled; stamens 8; filaments flattened proximally, glabrous; styles connate distally; stigmas capitate. Achenes included, black, 4-5(-6) × 1.8-2.3 mm, dull, minutely granular-tuberculate, especially on faces; fruiting perianth glabrous or with blunt, hyaline hairs, wings absent or, rarely, flat to undulate, 0.4-0.9 mm wide at maturity, scarcely decurrent on stipelike base, margins entire. 2n = 40.
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Annual, climbing, convolvulus-like herb, glabrous or finely puberulent, with slender twining stems and slender taproot. Petiole very slender, to 6 cm long. Lamina (1)-2-9 × (0.5)-1-6 cm, ± ovate-sagittate, entire; base shallowly to deeply cordate; apex acute, cuspidate or acuminate. Ochreae to c. 5 mm long, obliquely truncate, soon lacerate. Fls in terminal or axillary racemes with a slender, puberulent peduncle or in fascicles, often in axils of all but the basal lvs, ± pale green, scentless. Bracts generally = or > pedicels, membranous except for green keel. Pedicels short at anthesis, 1.5-3-(5) mm long at fruiting, articulate above middle, winged in upper part. Perianth 1-3 mm long, broad-ovate to broad-elliptic, moderately accrescent, the 3 outer segments with acute green keel and often white margins. Stamens not enclosed in perianth segments; filaments glabrous. Valves of fr. 4-6 mm long, glabrous or finely puberulent, the outer with prominent greenish white margin. Nut 3-4 mm long, black, finely granular; ribs obtuse.
Herbs annual. Stems twining, to 1-1.5 m, striate, papillate, branched at base. Petiole 1.5-5 cm; leaf blade small papillose abaxially, base cordate, margin entire, apex acuminate; ocrea short, membranous, oblique, not ciliate. Inflorescence axillary, racemose, interrupted; bracts narrowly ovate, apex acute, each 2-4-flowered. Pedicels longer than bracts, slender, margin white; tepals narrowly elliptic, unequal in size, outer 3 larger and keeled or narrowly winged on abaxial surface, slightly accrescent in fruit. Stamens 8. Styles 3, very short, stipitate. Achenes included in persistent perianth, black, opaque, ellipsoid, trigonous, 3-4 mm, finely granular. Fl. May-Aug, fr. Jun-Sep.
It is a climbing plant. It grows as an annual. The stems twine. The leaves end abruptly and are heart shaped. The leaf stalks are long. The flowers are white. They are in loose clusters at the ends of the plant. The fruit are a dull black colour.
Flowers pedicellate, in whorls of 3–6 in the axils of bracts; whorls arranged in axillary lax pedunculate or subsessile racemes; pedicels up to 10 mm long, scabrid, articulate above the middle; bracts inconspicuous.
Leaf lamina 2–7 × 2.5–5 cm, ovate to cordate, acuminate to the apex, sagittate at the base, entire, smooth on upper surface; petiole up to 2 cm long, scabrid or papillose.
Stems sometimes reddish-brown, angular, glabrous, scabrid or papillose.
Perianth greenish, 2–5 mm long; the outer segments keeled in fruit.
Ovary 1–3 mm long; stigmas capitate, entire on the margin.
A scrambling or climbing annual herb, up to 1.20 m tall.
Nut dull, black, finely granulate, 2.5–4(5) mm long.
Stamen filaments subulate, naked.
Ocrea membranous.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination autogamy
Spread anemochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.2
Root system tap-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) 0.3
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Most commonly found on arable land, but it also grows in gardens, on waste ground, in thickets, on roadsides, along fences, and occasionally in pastures and on river banks.
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It is a temperate plant. It grows in moist shady places. In Pakistan it grows between 1,500-3,500 m altitude. In Sichuan and Yunnan.
Light 4-9
Soil humidity 4-6
Soil texture 3-5
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-9

Usage

The seeds are made into a kind of porridge. The flour is also used for pancakes. The leaves are cooked as a vegetable.
Uses medicinal
Edible leaves seeds stems
Therapeutic use Tumor (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Fallopia convolvulus habit picture by Julien Bernard (cc-by-sa)
Fallopia convolvulus habit picture by Dominik Muczyński (cc-by-sa)
Fallopia convolvulus habit picture by Ugoline Jacquot (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Fallopia convolvulus leaf picture by dewara (cc-by-sa)
Fallopia convolvulus leaf picture by dewara (cc-by-sa)
Fallopia convolvulus leaf picture by dewara (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Fallopia convolvulus flower picture by Michelle Jandik (cc-by-sa)
Fallopia convolvulus flower picture by jacques maréchal (cc-by-sa)
Fallopia convolvulus flower picture by Katie E (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Fallopia convolvulus fruit picture by Jacques Maréchal (cc-by-sa)
Fallopia convolvulus fruit picture by Michel Brazl (cc-by-sa)
Fallopia convolvulus fruit picture by Martin Bishop (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Fallopia convolvulus world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Albania, Andorra, Argentina, Armenia, Australia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bulgaria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Belarus, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Bhutan, Canada, Switzerland, Chile, China, Cuba, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Algeria, Egypt, Spain, Estonia, Finland, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Georgia, Greece, Greenland, Croatia, Hungary, India, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Iceland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lesotho, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Latvia, Morocco, Mexico, North Macedonia, Malta, Montenegro, Mongolia, Netherlands, Norway, Nepal, New Zealand, Pakistan, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Portugal, Paraguay, Romania, Russian Federation, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Syrian Arab Republic, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Tunisia, Turkey, Taiwan, Province of China, Ukraine, United States of America, Uzbekistan, Viet Nam, and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:103354-2
WFO ID wfo-0000685786
COL ID 3DTR4
BDTFX ID 26474
INPN ID 97962
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Reynoutria convolvulus Polygonum convolvulus Helxine convolvulus Bilderdykia convolvulus Fagopyrum carinatum Fallopia convolvulus Fagopyrum convolvulus Tiniaria convolvulus Fagopyrum volubile Fallopia convolvulus var. subalatum